
Gardening and Homesteading
10 videos
Updated 1 year ago
Growing food, Canning, preserving, freeze drying, preparing food for freezing, distilling, pickling, hydrating, drying and other methods for preserving foods.
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Transplanting Tomatoes Made Easy: Tips and Tricks for Success In Your Garden
Organic Backyard GardeningTransplanting Tomatoes Made Easy: Tips and Tricks for Success In Your Garden In this video, we'll show you everything you need to know about transplanting tomatoes for a successful garden harvest. You'll learn when to transplant your seedlings, how deep to plant them, and whether to use the vertical or horizontal method. We'll also cover important topics such as mulching, fertilization, supporting, spacing, hardening off, and the best time of day to plant your tomatoes. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced gardener, you'll find tips and tricks to make tomato transplanting easy and enjoyable. By following our expert advice, you'll be able to grow healthy, robust tomato plants that will provide you with a bountiful harvest all season long. #TomatoTransplantingTips #gardeningtips #greenthumb 🔔 SUBSCRIBE HERE → http://www.youtube.com/c/OrganicBackyardGardening?sub_confirmation=1 📩 Join My Insiders List for Free Weekly Garden Tips → https://bit.ly/FreeWeeklyGardeningTips 🪴 My PlanMyGarden Makes It Super Simple to Plan Your Garden in Minutes. Use Code Youtube for 10% off! → https://bit.ly/3DZe3NR 🌱 Looking for some cool gardening shirts? Check out Grow Merch, where you can find the coolest designs on the web! 👕 Follow this link to get your hands on some awesome garden merchandise: https://bit.ly/TheCoolestGardenMerch As an affiliate, I may make a commission n the items below. 🌱 ITEMS DISCUSSED IN THE VIDEO Block Makers: → Micro Ladbrooke Soil Block Maker - https://amzn.to/3V6o71h → 2-Inch Ladbrooke Soil Block Maker - https://amzn.to/41VMK3r → 4-inch Ladbrooke Soil Block Maker - https://amzn.to/3NghMON → Genuine Ladbrooke 6-Pc. “Master Grower” Soil Blocker Set - https://amzn.to/3LHfx69 Soil Block Video: →https://youtu.be/0Hq2RT7y2To My Garden Trowel → My Garden Trowel DeWit Forged Hand Trowel - https://amzn.to/3M5l9pz → Fish & Kelp Fertilizer - https://amzn.to/3pIqiMC 🌿 GARDEN IN MINUTES → Garden in Minutes metal raised beds and grid watering systems perfect for square-foot gardening. Use code OBG10 - $10 off order $100+ https://shrsl.com/3cpal 🌱 ORGANIC SEEDS → High Mowing Organic Tomatoes Seeds 🌱 http://shrsl.com/3kt7x 🌱MY HELPFUL RESOURCES → Raised Bed Soil Calculator 🌱 https://organicbackyardgardening.com/raised-bed-soil-calculator/ → Plan My Garden Garden Planer 🌱 bit.ly/3DZe3NR → Square Foot Placement For Each Vegetable 🌱 https://organicbackyardgardening.com/2020/06/06/square-foot-gardening-layout/ → Seed Germination Temperature Chart 🌱 https://organicbackyardgardening.com/2022/01/14/vegetable-seed-germination-temperature-chart/ 🌱 SEEDS → High Mowing Organic Tomatoes Seeds 🌱 http://shrsl.com/3kt7x 🌿 GARDEN IN MINUTES → Garden in Minutes metal raised beds and grid watering systems perfect for square-foot gardening. Use code OBG10 - $10 off order $100+ https://shrsl.com/3cpal 💦 I ALSO USE DRIPWORKS FOR IRRIGATION PARTS (use code OBGARDENING for 5% off!) → https://www.dripworks.com/?ref=lfw3jygn → As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases from Amazon Links1.38K views -
Metal Raised Beds Square Foot Garden Grid Irrigation System Made Easy | Garden in Minutes Review
Organic Backyard GardeningIn this Garden In Minutes review the Metal Raised Garden Beds and Garden Grids Irrigation System for Square Foot Gardens by Garden In Minutes® in this must-watch video. Join me as I review and showcase the quick and easy assembly process, taking only 30 minutes with the provided tools, and explore the 17-size configurations available. These modular raised beds are perfect for square-foot gardening, and the seamless integration with Garden In Minutes® garden grid irrigation systems makes it easy to get your garden up and running in no time. With their durable construction, corrosion-resistant panels, and reinforced safety edging around the raised beds, these beds are built to last. Don't miss out on this Garden in Minutes review as we unveil the features that make these metal raised beds and garden grids irrigation systems a game-changer for any gardener. Don't forget to use my Garden in Minutes coupon code below! Happy Growing! 🌱🌼🌿 - Thanks @GardenInMinutes Garden In Minutes Coupon Code: OBG10 for $10 off orders $100 or more! 🌼💰 → Garden in Minutes Home Page - http://shrsl.com/3fp94 🏡 → Garden Grids - http://shrsl.com/3fp97 🌱🌿 → Metal Raised Garden Beds - http://shrsl.com/3fp99 🌼 🔔 SUBSCRIBE HERE→ http://www.youtube.com/c/OrganicBackyardGardening?sub_confirmation=1 Helpful Items (affiliate links - small commission helps support the channel): 🪴 PlanMyGarden - Get Your Custom Garden Plan in Minutes ⏰→ https://bit.ly/3DZe3NR 📋 💡 Mars Hydro Grow Lights (discount code OBG): https://bit.ly/2PhJxei More Garden in Minutes Reviews - Full Garden Grided Irrigation System: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DP05uip9dr4 🌼🎥 #RaisiedBeds #gardening #Irrigation1.8K views 1 comment -
Top Diet Changes that Make the Most Difference in Your Health! (Pantry Chat)
Homesteading FamilyWhat are the top three diet changes you can make right now to drastically improve your health? Join me for this podcast with Sally Fallon Morell as she shares her recommendations. The video interview gets frozen on my end, but you can still see Sally throughout the entire episode. If you'd rather download the podcast and just listen, you can do so from the blog post (link is below). For more information and any links mentioned, visit the blog post here: https://homesteadingfamily.com/3-diet-changes-to-improve-your-health/ - Nourishing Traditions by Sally Fallon: https://homesteadingfamily.com/b-nourishing-traditions - Nourishing Broths by Sally Fallon: https://homesteadingfamily.com/b-nourishing-broth ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MORE ABOUT US! WELCOME! We're so glad you're here! We are Josh and Carolyn Thomas. Together with our eleven children, we are The Homesteading Family where we’re living a self-sustainable life in beautiful North Idaho. Let us welcome you and show you a bit about us here: http://bit.ly/HFWelcomeVideo Grow, Preserve & Thrive with us! Visit us on our blog: https://www.homesteadingfamily.com Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/homesteadingfamily Instagram: https://instagram.com/homesteadingfamily Rumble: https://rumble.com/HomesteadingFamily A few highlights you don't want to miss are our FREEBIES!! Healthy Healing at Home – Learn how to confidently use herbal medicine in your home with this FREE 4 video workshop: https://homesteadingfamily.com/HHHyt Your Best Loaf – A Free 4 video workshop teaching you how to make great bread at home, every time, regardless of the recipe you are using: https://homesteadingfamily.com/free-bread-workshop Meals on Your Shelf – Can along with me! Learn to can and put jars of a delicious meal on your pantry shelf with this FREE video series: https://homesteadingfamily.com/MOYS-free-workshop FREE PDF DOWNLOADS: - Homesteading Family's Favorite Holiday Recipes - Grab all of our family’s favorite holiday recipes. https://homesteadingfamily.com/free-holiday-recipes - 5 Steps to a More Self-Sufficient Life - Simple steps anyone can take wherever they are to start a more self-sufficient lifestyle. https://homesteadingfamily.com/5StepsYT - Thrive Wellness Checklist - A simple guide for healthy living: https://homesteadingfamily.com/TWC_YT - Permaculture for Your Homestead- An introduction to permaculture with some strategies for applying it to one’s homestead and garden. https://homesteadingfamily.com/PFYH_YT - Carolyn’s Cottage Garden herb list - Carolyn’s favorite herbs for growing at home. https://homesteadingfamily.com/CGHL_YT - Carolyn’s Make-Ahead Breakfast Casseroles - These easy casseroles are a life-saver for busy weeks! https://homesteadingfamily.com/MABC_YT - Your FREE Guide to Preserving Eggs - Grab your guide to preserving eggs with multiple methods. https://homesteadingfamily.com/Eggs_YT - 5 Steps to a Healthy Garden - Get an explanation of what makes healthy soil and 5 steps you can take to improve your garden. https://homesteadingfamily.com/5StepsGardenYT - Save the Crumbs- Several Recipes for using bread leftovers, a less committal entry to bread than the workshop. https://homesteadingfamily.com/STC_YT - Fearless Fermenting- A simple guide on basic lacto-ferments. https://homesteadingfamily.com/FF_YT - Fermenting Tomatoes - Easiest and fastest tomato preservation: https://homesteadingfamily.com/FT_YT - Preserving Culinary Herbs - Downloadable, step-by-step directions to drying, freezing, and salting culinary herbs. https://homesteadingfamily.com/PCH_YT - Render Your Own Lard - Grab these easy instructions on how to render your own lard. https://homesteadingfamily.com/RYL_YT - Grandma Lynn's Blueberry Buckle - A delicious dessert anytime of year: https://homesteadingfamily.com/BB_YT #sallyfallon #healthydiet #healthydiets7.17K views 20 comments -
EP: 425 Open Pollinated & Seed Diversity Siskiyou Seeds
Melissa K NorrisJoin me and my guest, Don Tipping from Siskiyou Seeds, as we discuss the history of seeds and seed saving and how it’s changed over the past 100 years. Our conversation takes a deep dive into how seed companies source their seed (this may surprise you!) and how to know you’re getting quality seeds with the exact characteristics you want. For more information and any links mentioned in this episode, visit: https://melissaknorris.com/425 - Azure Standard: This post is sponsored by Azure Standard. If you’re in need of garden starts, be sure to check out Ellie’s Eden plants. They have a large selection of vegetable, herb and flower starts and they’re fantastic quality. For first time Azure customers, you can use code “Melissa10” to get 10% off your first order of $50 or more - https://melissaknorris.com/azure-standard - Homestead Skills Summit: Be sure to sign up for my Homestead Skills Summit, April 22-26, 2024. Each day of the week we’ll focus on a different homesteading topic, with live Q&A and prizes and a final live Q&A session on Friday to wrap up the week. Join here: https://melissaknorris.com/pta-summit/ ********************** Listen in to the top #10 rated Pioneering Today Podcast for Home & Garden for Simple Modern Homesteading Tips https://melissaknorris.com/podcast-2/ ********************** My Books: Everything Worth Preserving: https://melissaknorris.com/preservingbook The Family Garden Planner: http://melissaknorris.com/planner The Family Garden Plan: http://familygardenplan.com/ Hand Made 100+ From Scratch Recipes: http://handmadethebook.com/ The Made-from-Scratch Life: http://madefromscratchlife.com/ ********************** Howdy! I'm so glad you're here. I'm Melissa from Pioneering Today and a 5th generation homesteader where I'm doing my best to hold onto the old traditions in a modern world and share them with others. Click any of the below links for FREE resources and training to help you on your homestead! Homemade Sourdough Starter Series https://melissaknorris.com/learnsourdough How to Pressure Can Series https://melissaknorris.com/pressurecanning Beginners Home Canning Safety https://melissaknorris.com/canningclass For raising, cooking, and preserving your own food come hang out with on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/melissaknorris/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/melissaknorris/ **********1.48K views 3 comments -
The Thanksgiving Side You Didn't Know You NEED! (Fermented Cranberry Sauce)
Melissa K NorrisFermented cranberry sauce is nothing like the traditional cranberry sauce that usually graces the Thanksgiving or Christmas dinner table. However, once you try this recipe, I'm sure it'll become a family staple for your holiday meals. Grab the printable recipe and step-by-step directions here: https://melissaknorris.com/fermented-cranberry-sauce/ ********************** Listen in to the top #10 rated Pioneering Today Podcast for Home & Garden for Simple Modern Homesteading Tips https://melissaknorris.com/podcast-2/ ********************** My Books: Everything Worth Preserving: https://melissaknorris.com/preservingbook The Family Garden Planner: http://melissaknorris.com/planner The Family Garden Plan: http://familygardenplan.com/ Hand Made 100+ From Scratch Recipes: http://handmadethebook.com/ The Made-from-Scratch Life: http://madefromscratchlife.com/ ********************** Howdy! I'm so glad you're here. I'm Melissa from Pioneering Today and a 5th generation homesteader where I'm doing my best to hold onto the old traditions in a modern world and share them with others. Click any of the below links for FREE resources and training to help you on your homestead! Homemade Sourdough Starter Series https://melissaknorris.com/learnsourdough How to Pressure Can Series https://melissaknorris.com/pressurecanning Beginners Home Canning Safety https://melissaknorris.com/canningclass For raising, cooking, and preserving your own food come hang out with on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/melissaknorris/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/melissaknorris/1.74K views 8 comments -
EP: 419 GMO Tomatoes & What You Need to Know
Melissa K NorrisFor the first time, genetically modified seeds have been made available to the common gardener for home use in the form of a purple tomato. But the real question to ask is, what are GMO seeds, and is this something to be excited about, or should we be concerned? Let's dive in together. For more information and any links mentioned, visit the blog post here: https://melissaknorris.com/podcast/gmo-seeds-how-to-avoid-them/ - Azure Standard is the sponsor for this podcast. For first-time Azure customers, get 10% off your first order of $50 or more with coupon code "Melissa10" at checkout: https://melissaknorris.com/azure-standard ********************** Listen in to the top #10 rated Pioneering Today Podcast for Home & Garden for Simple Modern Homesteading Tips https://melissaknorris.com/podcast-2/ ********************** My Books: Everything Worth Preserving: https://melissaknorris.com/preservingbook The Family Garden Planner: http://melissaknorris.com/planner The Family Garden Plan: http://familygardenplan.com/ Hand Made 100+ From Scratch Recipes: http://handmadethebook.com/ The Made-from-Scratch Life: http://madefromscratchlife.com/ ********************** Howdy! I'm so glad you're here. I'm Melissa from Pioneering Today and a 5th generation homesteader where I'm doing my best to hold onto the old traditions in a modern world and share them with others. Click any of the below links for FREE resources and training to help you on your homestead! Homemade Sourdough Starter Series https://melissaknorris.com/learnsourdough How to Pressure Can Series https://melissaknorris.com/pressurecanning Beginners Home Canning Safety https://melissaknorris.com/canningclass For raising, cooking, and preserving your own food come hang out with on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/melissaknorris/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/melissaknorris/ ********** #gmoseeds #gmoseed #gmotomatoes1.62K views 6 comments -
EP: 423 Homesteading 101 Series (Back to the Basics): Gardening
Melissa K NorrisJoin me as I continue on in this Homesteading 101 Series (Back to the Basics). Today’s episode is all about the basics of gardening. Which ultimately means understanding the basics of soil. You don’t have to be a soil expert or a biochemist to understand how to know if your soil is good (or how to amend it, if needed). However, if you don’t pay attention to your soil quality, it doesn’t matter how many other gardening skills you acquire; you’ll continue to struggle if your soil quality is poor. I’m giving you all the basics you need in today’s episode, plus many links for additional resources. For more information and any links mentioned in this episode, visit https://melissaknorris.com/423. - Azure Standard: I want to thank Azure Standard for sponsoring this podcast. One of my favorite things about Azure is every spring they offer incredible garden starts! So, if you find yourself behind the curve of starting seeds indoors, you can order starts from Ellie’s Eden. For first-time customers, you can get 10% off your first Azure Standard purchase of $50 or more using coupon code “Melissa10” at checkout: https://melissaknorris.com/azure-standard ********************** Listen in to the top #10 rated Pioneering Today Podcast for Home & Garden for Simple Modern Homesteading Tips https://melissaknorris.com/podcast-2/ ********************** My Books: Everything Worth Preserving: https://melissaknorris.com/preservingbook The Family Garden Planner: http://melissaknorris.com/planner The Family Garden Plan: http://familygardenplan.com/ Hand Made 100+ From Scratch Recipes: http://handmadethebook.com/ The Made-from-Scratch Life: http://madefromscratchlife.com/ ********************** Howdy! I'm so glad you're here. I'm Melissa from Pioneering Today and a 5th generation homesteader where I'm doing my best to hold onto the old traditions in a modern world and share them with others. Click any of the below links for FREE resources and training to help you on your homestead! Homemade Sourdough Starter Series https://melissaknorris.com/learnsourdough How to Pressure Can Series https://melissaknorris.com/pressurecanning Beginners Home Canning Safety https://melissaknorris.com/canningclass For raising, cooking, and preserving your own food come hang out with on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/melissaknorris/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/melissaknorris/ **********2.46K views -
EP: 424 Growing Fruit Trees Fast with Susan Poizner
Melissa K NorrisJoin me and my guest, Susan Poizner, as we discuss the basics of growing fruit trees. With a few tips under your belt, you’ll know what fruit tree varieties will work best for your climate, when to plant your trees, and the nine tips for getting your fruit trees to grow fast! Susan also covers some mistakes to avoid when planting new fruit trees and we briefly cover how to protect your trees from disease (or rehabilitate neglected trees). For more information and any links mentioned in this episode, visit https://melissaknorris.com/424 Check out Susan's fruit tree course here (coupon code "MELISSA" should be automatically applied using this link): https://melissaknorris.com/orchard-people-course ********************** Listen in to the top #10 rated Pioneering Today Podcast for Home & Garden for Simple Modern Homesteading Tips https://melissaknorris.com/podcast-2/ ********************** My Books: Everything Worth Preserving: https://melissaknorris.com/preservingbook The Family Garden Planner: http://melissaknorris.com/planner The Family Garden Plan: http://familygardenplan.com/ Hand Made 100+ From Scratch Recipes: http://handmadethebook.com/ The Made-from-Scratch Life: http://madefromscratchlife.com/ ********************** Howdy! I'm so glad you're here. I'm Melissa from Pioneering Today and a 5th generation homesteader where I'm doing my best to hold onto the old traditions in a modern world and share them with others. Click any of the below links for FREE resources and training to help you on your homestead! Homemade Sourdough Starter Series https://melissaknorris.com/learnsourdough How to Pressure Can Series https://melissaknorris.com/pressurecanning Beginners Home Canning Safety https://melissaknorris.com/canningclass For raising, cooking, and preserving your own food come hang out with on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/melissaknorris/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/melissaknorris/1.94K views 3 comments -
EP: 432 Homesteading 101 Series (Back to the Basics): Preserving
Melissa K NorrisJoin me as I continue on in this Homesteading 101 Series (Back to the Basics). Today’s episode is all about the basics of preserving. There are ten different methods I’ll discuss in today’s podcast, listed in order from what I consider to be the easiest to the most difficult. I truly believe in layering on skillsets to help prevent overwhelm. If you’re new to preserving, this podcast will be a treasure trove of information and tips for getting started. For more information and any links mentioned in this episode, visit the blog post here: https://melissaknorris.com/432 Join me for my live training all about preserving on June 10, 2024 here: https://melissaknorris.com/stockpiling This podcast is sponsored by Azure Standard. For first-time Azure customers, you can use code “Melissa10” to get 10% off your first order of $50 or more delivered to a drop location: https://melissaknorris.com/azure ********************** Listen in to the top #10 rated Pioneering Today Podcast for Home & Garden for Simple Modern Homesteading Tips https://melissaknorris.com/podcast-2/ ********************** My Books: Everything Worth Preserving: https://melissaknorris.com/preservingbook The Family Garden Planner: http://melissaknorris.com/planner The Family Garden Plan: http://familygardenplan.com/ Hand Made 100+ From Scratch Recipes: http://handmadethebook.com/ The Made-from-Scratch Life: http://madefromscratchlife.com/ ********************** Howdy! I'm so glad you're here. I'm Melissa from Pioneering Today and a 5th generation homesteader where I'm doing my best to hold onto the old traditions in a modern world and share them with others. Click any of the below links for FREE resources and training to help you on your homestead! Homemade Sourdough Starter Series https://melissaknorris.com/learnsourdough How to Pressure Can Series https://melissaknorris.com/pressurecanning Beginners Home Canning Safety https://melissaknorris.com/canningclass For raising, cooking, and preserving your own food come hang out with on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/melissaknorris/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/melissaknorris/ **********2.5K views 10 comments -
What are PERENNIALS and Why Should We Grow Them? | Pantry Chat Podcast
Homesteading FamilyDon't overlook these important plants! We're discussing what are perennials and why they're an important aspect of the homestead. Start building resiliency and plant some perennials now! For more information, visit the blog post here: https://homesteadingfamily.com/growing-perennials-on-the-homestead/ Thanks to Lehmans for sponsoring today's podcast. We love shopping Lehmans because they have quality products that help us from PLANT to PLATE to PANTRY. Shop this link and use coupon code "1FH5CT" for 15% off your order: https://homesteadingfamily.com/shop-lehmans Time Stamps 0:00 - Chit Chat 5:56 - Water Glassing Eggs 7:07 - Vertical Gardening Strategy 11:26 - Main Topic - Perennials ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MORE ABOUT US! WELCOME! We're so glad you're here! We are Josh and Carolyn Thomas. Together with our eleven children, we are The Homesteading Family where we’re living a self-sustainable life in beautiful North Idaho. Let us welcome you and show you a bit about us here: http://bit.ly/HFWelcomeVideo Grow, Preserve & Thrive with us! Visit us on our blog: https://www.homesteadingfamily.com Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/homesteadingfamily Instagram: https://instagram.com/homesteadingfamily Rumble: https://rumble.com/HomesteadingFamily A few highlights you don't want to miss are our FREEBIES!! Healthy Healing at Home – Learn how to confidently use herbal medicine in your home with this FREE 4 video workshop: https://homesteadingfamily.com/HHHyt Your Best Loaf – A Free 4 video workshop teaching you how to make great bread at home, every time, regardless of the recipe you are using: https://homesteadingfamily.com/free-bread-workshop Meals on Your Shelf – Can along with me! Learn to can and put jars of a delicious meal on your pantry shelf with this FREE video series: https://homesteadingfamily.com/MOYS-free-workshop FREE PDF DOWNLOADS: - Homesteading Family's Favorite Holiday Recipes - Grab all of our family’s favorite holiday recipes. https://homesteadingfamily.com/free-holiday-recipes - 5 Steps to a More Self-Sufficient Life - Simple steps anyone can take wherever they are to start a more self-sufficient lifestyle. https://homesteadingfamily.com/5StepsYT - Thrive Wellness Checklist - A simple guide for healthy living: https://homesteadingfamily.com/TWC_YT - Permaculture for Your Homestead- An introduction to permaculture with some strategies for applying it to one’s homestead and garden. https://homesteadingfamily.com/PFYH_YT - Carolyn’s Cottage Garden herb list - Carolyn’s favorite herbs for growing at home. https://homesteadingfamily.com/CGHL_YT - Carolyn’s Make-Ahead Breakfast Casseroles - These easy casseroles are a life-saver for busy weeks! https://homesteadingfamily.com/MABC_YT - Your FREE Guide to Preserving Eggs - Grab your guide to preserving eggs with multiple methods. https://homesteadingfamily.com/Eggs_YT - 5 Steps to a Healthy Garden - Get an explanation of what makes healthy soil and 5 steps you can take to improve your garden. https://homesteadingfamily.com/5StepsGardenYT - Save the Crumbs- Several Recipes for using bread leftovers, a less committal entry to bread than the workshop. https://homesteadingfamily.com/STC_YT - Fearless Fermenting- A simple guide on basic lacto-ferments. https://homesteadingfamily.com/FF_YT - Fermenting Tomatoes - Easiest and fastest tomato preservation: https://homesteadingfamily.com/FT_YT - Preserving Culinary Herbs - Downloadable, step-by-step directions to drying, freezing, and salting culinary herbs. https://homesteadingfamily.com/PCH_YT - Render Your Own Lard - Grab these easy instructions on how to render your own lard. https://homesteadingfamily.com/RYL_YT - Grandma Lynn's Blueberry Buckle - A delicious dessert anytime of year: https://homesteadingfamily.com/BB_YT7.18K views 8 comments