Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1000th Video A True History Unsolved Mysteries That Can’t Explain Documentaries

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1000th Video A True History 70 Unsolved Mysteries That Science Can’t Explain 10+ Hours Documentaries Great Job On This Documentary! So we have virtually zero ads, we have actual scientific facts, presented in a chronological order that's easy to follow and extremely interesting all at once and this video is not about evolution vs. creation. The narration is clear, and the compilation of historical events is both engaging and well-researched. Keep up the excellent work! Here it is! Whether you're going to sleep, going for a drive, or just want to binge. Our 1,000th Video Compilation August 2025 ! Spiritual traditions have come and gone throughout history with the same frequency as empires, even though most faiths insist their teachings have been continuous from the beginning of time (whenever that was). Even though Manichaeism, Mithraism, and Tengriism are almost extinct, some of the earliest religious and cultural activities are still widely practiced today. Take a look at them below. Here is a list of the world’s oldest religions: 1. Hinduism Varanasi Saadhus To the best of our knowledge, Hinduism was established more than four thousand years ago, making it one of the world’s oldest religions. Given that it lacks a single founder and is an amalgam of disparate tenets, its genesis is murky at best. Hinduism is not a monotheistic faith like Christianity or Judaism. Because of its welcoming attitude, it is sometimes called the “family of faiths”. Hinduism emerged through a cultural collision. Around 1500 B.C., the Indo-Ayran people came to the Indus Valley in Pakistan, assimilating with the locals and sharing a common language and culture. Because of this special circumstance, Hinduism expanded to include elements of both civilizations as its adherents eventually merged into a single group. 2. Confucianism Confucianism Hanoi Vietnam As a religion, Confucianism is acknowledged, although it is not followed in the conventional sense. Confucianism was named after its founder, Confucius (an anglicization of K’ung-fu-Tzu or Master K’ung). For Confucius, it was important to bring back the ideals and tenets of the Zhou period. Those who adhere to Confucianism see it as a moral and social ethos. Confucianism has profoundly influenced the spiritual and political lives of the Chinese people throughout the centuries. Korea, Vietnam, and Japan are just a few East Asian countries that have felt its impact. 3. Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism Religion Historians believe the reforming prophet Zoroaster (Zarathustra) lived between the 10th and 6th century BCE. Still, the religion we know today, Zoroastrianism (known to residents as Mazdayasna), evolved from his teachings around the 2nd millennium BCE (they disagree somewhat). Until the Muslim invasion in the 7th century C.E., it was the official religion of different Persian empires. It is still practiced today by an estimated 200,000 individuals in portions of Iran, India, and Iraq. Yazdânism: Yazdânism (Cult of Angels) is a neologism that encompasses three distinct Kurdish religious traditions (practiced by the Yazidis, Goran, and Ishik Alevis) that originated from a synthesis of Islam and a Hurrian forerunner to Zoroastrianism. They make sense of the prophets of the Abrahamic religions, reincarnation, and the idea that seven ‘angels’ protect the planet from evil. This suggests that these faiths are at least as ancient as Zoroastrianism. 4. Yahwism and Judaism Judaism Religion Over four thousand years ago, the Hebrew people followed a religion called Yahwism. Abraham was the first Yahwist when Yahweh commanded him to establish a country. The patriarch, who would shape the lives of Hebrews for millennia, was formed in part by his son and grandson, Isaac and Jacob. The Israelite nation may trace its lineage back to these people. After hundreds of years of Egyptian slavery, Moses finally released the Israelites in God’s direction. The Jewish legal code may be traced back to the ten commandments that Moses delivered to the Israelites. Yahwism evolved into modern Judaism over time. Judaism originated in the Middle East circa 2085 B.C. and is rooted in Moses’s teachings and the Ten Commandments. The Jewish people turned to the five books of the Torah, which tell the story of the world from its beginnings through Moses’ death, for spiritual guidance and guidance in living their lives. 5. Buddhism Boudhanath Stupa, Nepal Two thousand five hundred years ago, in what is now Nepal, a prince named Siddhartha Gautama is said to have given birth to Buddhism. Upon first seeing human misery, Siddhartha abandoned his privileged lifestyle. Sitting under the Bodhi tree, he reflected on the purpose of life, reached enlightenment, and became the Buddha (the tree of awakening). Since then, every Buddhist has followed their nonviolent teachings and sought the way to enlightenment. Buddhists are encouraged to begin their quest for liberation from the cycle of birth and death by contemplating the four noble truths, which are as follows: Existence is suffering (dukhka); suffering has a cause, namely craving and attachment (Trishna); there is a possibility of cessation of suffering, which is nirvana; there is a path to the end of suffering. 6. Jainism Jainism Religion The Indian religion of Jainism, which inspired both Buddhism and Confucianism, originated in the Ganges area of modern-day India. Tirthankaras, according to Jain belief, are those who have achieved complete control over their baser emotions, including wrath, pride, dishonesty, and want. But in any half-cycle of human history, there can be no more than 24 Tirthankara. Two human eras are divided into four phases, according to Jainism. For Jains, time is symbolized by the rotation of a wheel. One generation is equal to one whole revolution. It is believed that the 24 Tirthankara are distributed evenly over the two halves of the eternal wheel of time. A historical record shows that 599 B.C. marked the birth of Mahavir Swami, the 24th and last Tirthankara of the current cycle. According to Jainism, the first Tirthankara of the next and previous half cycle would be born very soon. 7. Taoism China Taoism Religion Originating in China between the years 450 and 500 A.D., Taoism spread across the world. It evolved from ancient Chinese customs and beliefs. Those who established Taoism saw the growth of Buddhism as a danger to traditional Chinese culture and set out to counter it. The first adherents of Taoism were members of the educated and rich elite, but as time passed, the religion also gained followers from the working class. Thus, several subsets of Taoists have their particular rituals and tenets. For instance, Ch’üan-Chen Taoism, a branch of Taoism popular among women, is one example. The Tao, literally “the path,” refers to the ultimate principles at work in the universe. Taoism and the Yin Yang symbol, which represent the universe’s ongoing capacity for change and development, are compatible. The crane is another emblem, this one standing for finality. The Taoist notion of sham, or goodness, motivates the practice of self-improvement and self-control. Both a central figurehead and a canonical text are lacking in Taoism. Because many Taoist components originated from indigenous rituals and its priests worked as ceremonial leaders rather than preachers of a message from a higher power, the religion never established a central set of ideals. 8. Shintoism Japan Shintoism Religion Shintoism is a direct descendant of the animistic folk religion of the Yayoi, whose culture spread from north of Kyushu to the rest of Japan from the 3rd century BCE onward. However, the religion was not codified until 712 CE in response to touch with mainland religions (namely, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism). Present-day adherents adhere to a coherent interpretation of ancient Japanese mythology with clear Buddhist elements (though only a small minority identify it as an organized religion). I think it’s important to note that there is no universally accepted definition of religion. Therefore, the question of how old a religion is will always depend on the purpose used. Since all spiritual traditions build on ancient beliefs, their fundamental distinctions lay in the degree to which they have been formalized and standardized and in the length of time through which their broader principles have been in place. Therefore, Neopaganism and Mexicayotl (a contemporary revival of ancient faiths) are not included, nor are the many animistic and shamanistic traditions (including the Chinese folk religion, which lacks coherence and is partially founded on Taoist and Confucian ideas). Atheism is also left out of the discussion, even though it has been around since at least the sixth century BCE (though we assume it predates even the first religious ideas). Conclusion Understanding how religion has changed through time and into the contemporary world is an enormously interesting journey. Many people’s worldviews and the paths they pick in life are profoundly influenced by their religious beliefs. Grasping the world’s earliest faiths allows us to evaluate the merits of the concepts and ideas we’ve decided to scrap and the ones we’ve deemed worthy of keeping. Religion has been a factor of the human experience throughout history, from pre-historic to modern times. The bulk of the human religious experience pre-dates written history. Written history (the age of formal writing) is only roughly 5,000 years old. A lack of written records results in most of the knowledge of pre-historic religion being derived from archaeological records and other indirect sources, and from suppositions. Much pre-historic religion is subject to continued debate. Religious practices in prehistory Middle Paleolithic (200,000–50,000 BCE) Despite claims by some researchers of bear worship, belief in an afterlife, and other rituals, current archaeological evidence does not support the presence of religious practices by modern humans or Neanderthals during this period. 100,000 BC: Earliest known human burial in the Middle East. 78,000–74,000 BC: Earliest known Homo Sapiens burial of a child in Panga ya Saidi, East Africa. 70,000–35,000 BC: Neanderthal burials take place in areas of Europe and the Middle East. 50th to 11th millennium BC 40,000 BC: The remains of one of the earliest known anatomically modern humans to be discovered cremated, was buried near Lake Mungo. 38,000 BC: The Aurignacian Löwenmensch figurine, the oldest known zoomorphic (animal-shaped) sculpture in the world and one of the oldest known sculptures in general, was made. The sculpture has also been interpreted as anthropomorphic, giving human characteristics to an animal, although it may have represented a deity. 35,000–26,001 BC: Neanderthal burials are absent from the archaeological record. This roughly coincides with the appearance of Homo sapiens in Europe and decline of the Neanderthals; individual skulls and/or long bones began appearing, heavily stained with red ochre and separately buried. This practice may be the origin of sacred relics. The oldest discovered "Venus figurines" appeared in graves. Some were deliberately broken or repeatedly stabbed, possibly representing the murders of the men with whom they were buried, or owing to some other unknown social dynamic. 25,000–21,000 BC: Clear examples of burials are present in Iberia, Wales, and eastern Europe. These, too, incorporate the heavy use of red ochre. Additionally, various objects were included in the graves (e.g. periwinkle shells, weighted clothing, dolls, possible drumsticks, mammoth ivory beads, fox teeth pendants, panoply of ivory artifacts, "baton" antlers, flint blades etc.). 13,000–8,000 BC: Noticeable burial activity resumed. Prior mortuary activity had either taken a less obvious form or contemporaries retained some of their burial knowledge in the absence of such activity. Dozens of men, women, and children were being buried in the same caves which were used for burials 10,000 years beforehand. All these graves are delineated by the cave walls and large limestone blocks. The burials share a number of characteristics (such as use of ochre, and shell and mammoth ivory jewelry) that go back thousands of years. Some burials were double, comprising an adult male with a juvenile male buried by his side. They were now beginning to take on the form of modern cemeteries. Old burials were commonly re-dug and moved to make way for new ones, with the older bones often being gathered and cached together. Large stones may have acted as grave markers. Pairs of ochred antlers were sometimes mounted on poles within the cave; this is compared to the modern practice of leaving flowers at a grave. 10th to 6th millennium BC 9130–7370 BC: This was the apparent period of use of Göbekli Tepe, one of the oldest human-made sites of worship yet discovered; evidence of similar usage has also been found in another nearby site, Nevalı Çori. 7500–5700 BC: The settlements of Çatalhöyük developed as a likely spiritual center of Anatolia. Possibly practicing worship in communal shrines, its inhabitants left behind numerous clay figurines and impressions of phallic, feminine, and hunting scenes. 7250-6500 BC: The ʿAin Ghazal statues were made in Jordan during the Neolithic. These statues were argued to have been gods, legendary leaders, or other figures of power. They were suggested to have been a representation of a fusion of previously separate communities by Gary O. Rollefson. Ancient era Extent and major sites of the Indus Valley civilization. The shaded area does not include recent excavations. 3200–3100 BC: Newgrange, the 250,000 short tons (230,000 t) passage tomb aligned to the winter solstice in Ireland, was built. 3100 BC: The initial form of Stonehenge was completed. The circular bank and ditch enclosure, about 110 metres (360 ft) across, may have been completed with a timber circle. 3000 BC: Sumerian Cuneiform emerged from the proto-literate Uruk period, allowing the codification of beliefs and creation of detailed historical religious records. The second phase of Stonehenge was completed and appeared to function as the first enclosed cremation cemetery in the British Isles. 2635–2610 BC: The oldest surviving Egyptian pyramid was commissioned by Pharaoh Djoser. 2600 BC: Stonehenge began to take on its final form. The wooden posts were replaced with bluestone. It began taking on an increasingly complex setup (including an altar, a portal, station stones, etc.) and shows consideration of solar alignments. 2560 BC: This is the approximate time accepted as the completion of the Great Pyramid of Giza, the oldest pyramid of the Giza Plateau. 2494–2345 BC: The first of the oldest surviving religious texts, the Pyramid Texts, was composed in Ancient Egypt. 2200 BC: The Minoan civilization developed in Crete. Citizens worshipped a variety of goddesses. 2150–2000 BC: The earliest surviving versions of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh—originally titled He who Saw the Deep (Sha naqba īmuru) or Surpassing All Other Kings (Shūtur eli sharrī)—were written. 1700–1100 BC: The oldest of the Hindu Vedas (scriptures), the Rigveda was composed. This is the first mention of Rudra, a fearsome form of Shiva as the supreme god. 1600 BC: The ancient development of Stonehenge came to an end. 1500 BC: The Vedic period began in India after the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilization. 1351 or 1353 BC: The reign of Akhenaten, sometimes credited with starting the earliest known recorded monotheistic religion, in Ancient Egypt. 1300–1000 BC: The "standard" Akkadian version of the Epic of Gilgamesh was edited by Sîn-lēqi-unninni. 800–300 BC: The Upanishads (Vedic texts) were composed, containing the earliest emergence of some of the central religious concepts of Hinduism and Buddhism. 1200 BC: The Greek Dark Age began. 1200 BC: The Olmecs built the earliest pyramids and temples in Central America. 877–777 BC: The life of Parshvanatha, 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism. 800 BC: The Greek Dark Age ends. 8th to 6th centuries BC: The Chandogya Upanishad is compiled, significant for containing the earliest to date mention of Krishna. Verse 3.17.6 mentions Krishna Devakiputra (Sanskrit: कृष्णाय देवकीपुत्रा) as a student of the sage Ghora Angirasa. 6th to 5th centuries BC: The first five books of the Jewish Tanakh, the Torah (Hebrew: תורה), are probably compiled. 6th century BC: Possible start of Zoroastrianism; however some date Zarathustra somewhere between 1400-1200 BC. Zoroastrianism flourished under the Persian emperors known as the Achaemenids. The emperors Darius (ruled 522–486 BC) and Xerxes (ruled 486–465 BC) made it the official religion of their empire. 600–500 BC: The earliest Confucian writing, Shu Ching, incorporates ideas of harmony and heaven. 599–527 BC: The life of Mahavira, 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism. c. 563/480 – c. 483/400 BC: Gautama Buddha, founder of Buddhism was born. 515 BC - 70 AD: Second Temple period begins. The synagogue and Jewish eschatology can all be traced back to the Second Temple period. 551 BC: Confucius, founder of Confucianism, was born. 447 BC: The Parthenon is dedicated to the goddess Athena. 399 BC: Socrates was tried for impiety. 369–372 BC: Birth of Mencius and Zhuang Zhou 300 BC: The oldest known version of the Tao Te Ching was written on bamboo tablets. 300 BC: Theravada Buddhism was introduced to Sri Lanka by the Venerable Mahinda c. 250 BC: The Third Buddhist council was convened by Ashoka. Ashoka sends Buddhist missionaries to faraway countries, such as China, mainland Southeast Asia, Malay kingdoms, and Hellenistic kingdoms. c. 200 BC: Worship of Yahweh's consort Asherah ends in Israel. 140 BC: The earliest grammar of Sanskrit literature was composed by Pāṇini. 140 BC - 200 AD: The Development of the Hebrew Bible canon. 100 BC–500 AD: The Yoga Sūtras of Patanjali, one of the oldest texts in Yoga, were composed. Common era 1st to 5th centuries c. -6 BC – c. 30/33 AD: The life of Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity. 8 AD: Ovid's Metamorphoses chronicles the history of the world from its creation to the deification of Julius Caesar. c. 27-31 AD: The death of John the Baptist. c. 12–38: According to the Haran Gawaita, Nasoraean Mandaean disciples of John the Baptist flee persecution in Jerusalem and arrive in Media during the reign of a Parthian king identified as Artabanus II who ruled between 12 and 38 CE. : IX  50–62: The first Christian Council was convened in Jerusalem. 70: The Siege of Jerusalem, the Destruction of the Temple, and the rise of Rabbinic Judaism. 150-250: Nagarjuna, Indian Mahayana Buddhist, philosopher and founder of Madhyamaka-Sunyavada Buddhism 200: Some of the oldest parts of the Ginza Rabba, a core text of Mandaeism, were written. 216: Prophet Mani, founder of Manichaeism, is born. 250–900: Classic Mayan step pyramids were constructed. 313: The Edict of Milan decreed religious toleration in the Roman empire. 325: The first ecumenical council (the Council of Nicaea) was convened to attain a consensus on doctrine through an assembly representing all Christendom. It established the original Nicene Creed and fixed the date of Easter. It also confirmed the primacy of the Sees of Rome, Alexandria and Antioch, and granted the See of Jerusalem a position of honour. c. 350: The oldest record of the complete biblical texts (the Codex Sinaiticus) survives in a Greek translation called the Septuagint, dating to the 4th century CE. 380: Theodosius I declared Nicene Christianity the state religion of the Roman Empire. 381: The second ecumenical council (the First Council of Constantinople) reaffirmed and revised the Nicene Creed, repudiating Arianism and Pneumatomachi. 381–391: Theodosius outlaws paganism within the Roman Empire. Laws enacted requiring death penalty for acts of Divination. 393: A council of early Christian bishops listed and approved a biblical canon for the first time at the Synod of Hippo. 400: Saint Augustine exhorts his congregation to smash all pagan artifacts, saying "for that all superstition of pagans and heathens should be annihilated is what God wants, God commands, God proclaims!" Middle Ages (5th–15th centuries) See also: History of religions § Middle Age 5th to 10th centuries 405: Jerome completed the Vulgate, the first Latin translation of the Bible. 410: The Western Roman Empire began to decline, signalling the onset of the Dark Ages. 424: The Church of the East in Sasanian Empire (Persia) formally separated from the See of Antioch and proclaimed full ecclesiastical independence. 431: The third ecumenical council (the First Council of Ephesus) was convened as a result of the controversial teachings of Nestorius of Constantinople. It repudiated Nestorianism, proclaimed the Virgin Mary as the Theotokos (the God-bearer or Mother of God). It also repudiated Pelagianism and again reaffirmed the Nicene Creed. 449: The Second Council of Ephesus declared support for Eutyches and attacked his opponents. Originally convened as an ecumenical council, its ecumenical nature was rejected by the Chalcedonians, who denounced the council as latrocinium. 451: The fourth ecumenical council (the Council of Chalcedon) rejected the Eutychian doctrine of monophysitism, adopting instead the Chalcedonian Creed. It reinstated those deposed in 449, deposed Dioscorus of Alexandria and elevated the bishoprics of Constantinople and Jerusalem to the status of patriarchates. 451: The Oriental Orthodox Church rejected the Christological view put forth by the Council of Chalcedon and was excommunicated. 480–547: Benedict of Nursia wrote his Rule, laying the foundation of Western Christian monasticism. 553: The fifth ecumenical council (the Second Council of Constantinople) repudiated the Three Chapters as Nestorian and condemned Origen of Alexandria. 570–632: The life of Prophet Muhammad of Islam. 632: Work began on the compilation of the Quran into the form of a book (soon to be known as Mashaf-ul-Hafsa), in the era of Abu Bakr, the first Caliph of Islam. 632–661: The Rashidun Caliphate heralded the Arab conquest of Persia, Egypt and Iraq, bringing Islam to those regions. 650: All written versions of the Quran were destroyed except the Mashaf-ul-Hafsa (first complete compiled copy) in the era of Uthman, the third Caliph of Islam. 661–750: The Umayyad Caliphate brought the Arab conquest of North Africa, Spain and Central Asia, marking the greatest extent of the Arab conquests and bringing Islam to those regions. 680–681: The sixth ecumenical council (the Third Council of Constantinople) rejected Monothelitism and Monoenergism. c. 680: The division between Sunni Islam and Shia Islam developed. 692: The Quinisext Council (also known as the Council in Trullo), an amendment to the 5th and 6th ecumenical councils, established the Pentarchy. 712: The Kojiki, the oldest Shinto text, was written. 716–936: The migration of Zoroastrian (Parsi) communities from Persia to India began, caused by Muslim conquest of their lands and the ensuing persecution. 754: The latrocinium Council of Hieria supported iconoclasm. 787: The seventh ecumenical council (the Second Council of Nicaea) restored the veneration of icons and denounced iconoclasm. 788–820: The life of Hindu philosopher Adi Shankara, who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta. c. 850: The oldest extant manuscripts of the vocalized Masoretic text, upon which modern editions are based, date to 9th century CE. 11th to 15th centuries 1017-1137: Life of the founder of Vishishtadvaita Vedanta, philosopher and social reformer Ramanuja c. 1052 – c. 1135: The life of Milarepa, one of the most famous yogis and poets of Tibetan Buddhism. 1054: The Great Schism between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches was formalised. 1095–1099: The First Crusade led to the capture of Jerusalem. 1107–1110: Sigurd I of Norway led the Norwegian Crusade against Muslims in Spain, the Balearic Islands and in Palestine. 1147–1149: The Second Crusade was waged in response to the fall of the County of Edessa. 1189–1192: In the Third Crusade European leaders attempted to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin. 1200: The earliest Mabinogion texts are compiled, cataloging Celtic mythology in Middle Welsh. 1202–1204: The Fourth Crusade, originally intended to recapture Jerusalem, instead led to the sack of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire. 1206: The Delhi Sultanate was established. 1209–1229: The Albigensian Crusade was conducted to eliminate Catharism in Occitania, Europe. 1217–1221: With the Fifth Crusade, Christian leaders again attempted (but failed) to recapture Jerusalem. 1220: Snorri Sturluson authors the Prose Edda, cataloging the beliefs of Norse Paganism. 1222–1282: The life of Nichiren Daishonin, the Buddha of the Latter Day of the Law and founder of Nichiren Buddhism. Based at the Nichiren Shoshu Head Temple Taisekiji (Japan), this branch of Buddhism teaches the importance of chanting the mantra Nam Myōhō Renge Kyō. 1228–1229: The Sixth Crusade won control of large areas of the Holy Land for Christian rulers, more through diplomacy than through fighting. 1229: The Codex Gigas was completed by Herman the Recluse in the Benedictine monastery of Podlažice near Chrudim. 1238-1317: Life of philosopher Madhvacharya, founder of Dvaita Vedanta 1244: Jerusalem was sacked again, instigating the Seventh Crusade. 1270: The Eighth Crusade was launched by Louis IX of France but largely petered out when Louis died shortly after reaching Tunis. 1271–1272: The Ninth Crusade failed. 1300–1521: During the Aztecs existence in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521, they practised a religion which encompassed a complex range of practices and beliefs, being generally polytheistic. Human sacrifice was practiced on a grand scale throughout the Aztec empire, which was performed in honor of their gods. 1320: Pope John XXII laid the groundwork for future witch-hunts with the formalisation of the persecution of witchcraft. 1378–1417: The Roman Catholic Church split during the Western Schism. 1415: The death of Jan Hus who is considered as the first reformer of the Western Christianity. This event is often considered as the beginning of the Reformation. 1469–1539: The life of Guru Nanak, founder of Sikhism. 1484: Pope Innocent VIII marked the beginning of the classical European witch-hunts with his papal bull Summis desiderantes. 1486–1534: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu popularised the chanting of the Hare Krishna and composed the Shikshashtakam (eight devotional prayers) in Sanskrit. His followers, Gaudiya Vaishnavas, revere him as a spiritual reformer, a Hindu revivalist and an avatar of Krishna. Early modern and Modern eras See also: History of religions § Modern period 16th century 1500: In the Spanish Empire, Catholicism was spread and encouraged through such institutions as the missions and the Inquisition. 1517: Martin Luther posted The Ninety-Five Theses on the door of All Saints' Church, Wittenberg, launching the Protestant Reformation. 1526: African religious systems were introduced to the Americas, with the commencement of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. 1534: Henry VIII separated the English Church from Rome and made himself Supreme Head of the Church of England. 1562: The Massacre of Vassy sparked the first of a series of French Wars of Religion. 17th century 1674: Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj became 1st Chatrapati of Maratha Empire 1699: Guru Gobind Singh Ji created the Khalsa in Sikhism. 18th century 1708: Guru Gobind Singh, the last Sikh guru, died after instituting the Sikh holy book, the Guru Granth Sahib, as the eternal Guru. 1770: Baron d'Holbach published The System of Nature said to be the first positive, unambiguous statement of atheism in the West. 1781: Ghanshyam, later known as Sahajanand Swami/Swaminarayan, was born in Chhapaiya at the house of Dharmadev and Bhaktimata. 1789–1799: in the Dechristianisation of France the Revolutionary Government confiscated Church properties, banned monastic vows and, with the passage of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, removed control of the Church from the Pope and subordinated it as a department of the Government. The Republic also replaced the traditional Gregorian Calendar and abolished Christian holidays. c. 1790–1840: The Second Great Awakening, a Protestant religious revival in the United States. 1791: Freedom of religion, enshrined in the Bill of Rights, was added as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, forming an early and influential secular government. 1794: the Cult of the Supreme Being in France is founded by Maximilien Robespierre. 19th century 1801: the French Revolutionary Government and Pope Pius VII entered into the Concordat of 1801. While Roman Catholicism regained some powers and became recognized as "the religion of the great majority of the French", it was not afforded the latitude it had enjoyed prior to the Revolution and was not re-established as the official state religion. The Church relinquished all claims to estate seized after 1790, the clergy was state salaried and was obliged to swear allegiance to the State. Religious freedom was restored. 1819–1850: The life of Siyyid 'Alí Muḥammad Shírází (Persian: سيد علی ‌محمد شیرازی), better known as the Báb, the founder of Bábism. 1817–1892: The life of Baháʼu'lláh, founder of the Baháʼí Faith. 1823: Mormon prophet Joseph Smith claimed to see the Angel Moroni and prophesied of what is now the Book of Mormon. 1830s: Adventism was started by William Miller in the United States. 1830: the Church of Christ was founded by Joseph Smith on 6 April – initiating the Latter Day Saint restorationist movement. 1835–1908: the life of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya Movement. 1836–1886: the life of Ramakrishna, saint and mystic of Bengal. 1844: Joseph Smith was murdered, reportedly by John C. Elliott, on 27 June, resulting in a succession crisis in the Latter Day Saint movement. 1857: first great popular uprising against British colonial government in India. Also called Indian Rebellion of 1857. 1875: the Theosophical Society was formed in New York City by Helena Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge and others. 1879: Christian Science was granted its charter in Boston, Massachusetts. 1881: Zion's Watch Tower Tract Society was formed by Charles Taze Russell, initiating the Bible Student movement. 1889: the Ahmadiyya Community was established. 1893: Swami Vivekananda's first speech at The Parliament of the World's Religions, Chicago, brought the ancient philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the western world. 1899: Aradia (aka The Gospel of the Witches), one of the earliest books describing post witchhunt European religious Witchcraft, was published by Charles Godfrey Leland. 20th century 1901: The incorporation of the Spiritualists' National Union legally representing Spiritualism in the United Kingdom. 1904: Thelema was founded by Aleister Crowley. 1905: In France the law on the Separation of the Churches and the State was passed, officially establishing state secularism and putting an end to the funding of religious groups by the state. 1907: Formation of BAPS (Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha), a major sect in the Swaminarayan Sampradaya by Shastriji Maharaj 1908: The Khalifatul Masih was established in the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community as the "Second Manifestation of God's Power". 1913: The Moorish Science Temple of America is founded in Newark, New Jersey. 1917: The October Revolution in Russia led to the annexation of all church properties and subsequent religious suppression. 1920: The Self-Realization Fellowship Church of all Religions with its headquarters in Los Angeles, CA, was founded by Paramahansa Yogananda. 1922-1991: Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union. The total number of Christian victims under the Soviet regime has been estimated to range around 12 to 20 million. 1926: Cao Dai founded. 1929: The Cristero War, fought between the secular government and religious Christian rebels in Mexico, ended. 1930: The Rastafari movement began following the coronation of Haile Selassie I as Emperor of Ethiopia. 1930: After previously failing to claim the leadership of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Wallace Fard Muhammad creates the Nation of Islam in Detroit, Michigan. 1931: Jehovah's Witnesses emerged from the Bible Student movement under the influence of Joseph Franklin Rutherford. 1932: A neo-Hindu religious movement, the Brahma Kumaris or "Daughters of Brahma", started. Its origin can be traced to the group "Om Mandali", founded by Lekhraj Kripalani (1884–1969). 1939–1945: Millions of Jews were relocated and murdered by the Nazis during the Holocaust. 1947: Pakistan, the first nation-state in the name of Islam was created. British India was partitioned into the secular nation of India with a Hindu majority and the Muslim-majority nation of Pakistan (the eastern half of whom would later become Bangladesh). 1948: The modern state of Israel was established as a homeland for the Jews. 1954: The Church of Scientology was founded by L. Ron Hubbard. 1954: Wicca was publicised by Gerald Gardner. 1956: Navayana Buddhism (Neo-Buddhism) was founded by B. R. Ambedkar, initially attracting some 380,000 Dalit converts from Hinduism. 1959: The 14th Dalai Lama fled Tibet amidst unrest and established an exile community in India. 1960s: Various Neopagan and New Age movements gained momentum. 1961: Unitarian Universalism was formed from the merger of Unitarianism and Universalism. 1962: The Church of All Worlds, the first American neo-pagan church, was formed by a group including Oberon Zell-Ravenheart, Morning Glory Zell-Ravenheart, and Richard Lance Christie. 1962–1965: The Second Vatican Council was convened. 1965: Srila Prabhupada established the International Society for Krishna Consciousness and introduced translations of the Bhagavad-Gita and Vedic scriptures in mass production all over the world. 1966: The Church of Satan was founded by Anton LaVey on Walpurgisnacht. 1972–1984: The Stonehenge free festivals started. 1972–2004: Germanic Neopaganism (aka Heathenism, Heathenry, Ásatrú, Odinism, Forn Siðr, Vor Siðr, and Theodism) began to experience a second wave of revival. 1973: Claude Vorilhon established the Raëlian Movement and changed his name to Raël following a purported extraterrestrial encounter in December 1973. 1975: The Temple of Set was founded in Santa Barbara, California. 1979: The Iranian Revolution resulted in the establishment of an Islamic Republic in Iran. 1981: The Stregherian revival continued. "The Book of the Holy Strega" and "The Book of Ways", Volumes I and II, were published. 1984: Operation Blue Star in the holiest site of the Sikhs, the Golden Temple in Amritsar, led to Anti-Sikh riots in Delhi and adjoining regions, following the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. 1985: The Battle of the Beanfield forced an end to the Stonehenge free festivals. 1989: Following the revolutions of 1989, the overthrow of many Soviet-style states allowed a resurgence in open religious practice in many Eastern European countries. 1990s: Reconstructionist Pagan movements (Celtic, Hellenic, Roman, Slavic, Baltic, Finnish, etc.) proliferate throughout Europe. 1993: The European Council convened in Copenhagen, Denmark, agreed to the Copenhagen Criteria, requiring religious freedom within all members and prospective members of the European Union. 1993: The World Union of Deists is founded in the USA. 1995: First Traditional Hindu Mandir outside of India created in London by Pramukh Swami Maharaj (1921–2016) Guru of BAPS. 1998: The Strega Arician Tradition was founded. 21st century 2002: Joy of Satan Ministries was founded by Andrea Dietrich following her conception of the ideology of "spiritual Satanism". 2005: Becoming a place of pilgrimage for neo-druids and other pagans, the Ancient Order of Druids organized the first recorded reconstructionist ceremony in Stonehenge in 2005. 2006: Sectarian rivalries exploded in Iraq between Sunni Muslims and Shias, with each side targeting the other in terrorist acts, and bombings of mosques and shrines. 2008: Nepal, the world's only Hindu Kingdom, was declared a secular state by its Constituent Assembly after declaring the state a Republic on 28 May 2008. 2009: The Church of Scientology in France was fined €600,000 and several of its leaders were fined and imprisoned for defrauding new recruits of their savings. The state failed to disband the church owing to legal changes occurring over the same time period. 2011: Civil war broke out in Syria over domestic political issues. The country soon split along sectarian lines between Sunni Muslims, Alawite and Shiites. War crimes and acts of genocide were committed by both parties as religious leaders on each side condemned the other as heretics. The Syrian civil war soon became a battleground for regional sectarian unrest, as fighters joined the fight from as far away as North America and Europe, as well as Iran and the Arab states. 2013: The Satanic Temple was founded by Lucien Greaves and Malcolm Jarry (pseudonyms). 2014: A supposed Islamic Caliphate was established by the self-proclaimed Islamic State in regions of war torn Syria and Iraq, drawing global support from radical Sunni Muslims. This was a modern-day attempt to re-establish Islamic self-rule in accordance with strict adherence to Shariah-Islamic religious law. In the wake of the Syrian civil war, Islamic extremists targeted the indigenous Arab Christian communities. In acts of genocide, numerous ancient Christian and Yazidi communities were evicted and threatened with death by various Muslim Sunni fighter groups. After ISIS terrorist forces infiltrated and took over large parts of northern Iraq from Syria, many ancient Christian and Yazidi enclaves were destroyed. 2019: The Orthodox Church of Ukraine is granted independence from the Russian Orthodox Church by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Real Timeline Of Deception Part 0 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Exploring Tartaria - Old World Secrets Revealed https://rumble.com/v2u8ef4-real-timeline-of-deception-part-0-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 1 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Timeline Deception - Part I - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2ua8sa-real-timeline-of-deception-part-1-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 2 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Timeline Deception - Part II - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2ubf4w-real-timeline-of-deception-part-2-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 3 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The King of Tartaria - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2ueih6-real-timeline-of-deception-part-3-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 4 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Saints - Relics, Reliquaries, & The First Resurrection https://rumble.com/v2ugl92-real-timeline-of-deception-part-4-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 5 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Saints - The Ruling Class - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2uij7w-real-timeline-of-deception-part-5-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 6 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years From Atheism, Agnosticism, New Age, Protestantism, to Roman Catholicism https://rumble.com/v2ujvr6-real-timeline-of-deception-part-6-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 7 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Millennial Kingdom of God - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2uldss-real-timeline-of-deception-part-7-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 8 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Magic of the White City 1893 Chicago World's Fair https://rumble.com/v2un20g-real-timeline-of-deception-part-8-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 9 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years 1000 Years Added To Our History & Dark Ages Never Existed https://rumble.com/v2uo07i-real-timeline-of-deception-part-9-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 10 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Church History - Complete Documentary AD 33 to Present https://rumble.com/v2uprfu-real-timeline-of-deception-part-10-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 11 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Christmas Unveiled - Pied Piper - Templars Secret - Saturn's Workshop - Giants Stealing Children https://rumble.com/v2urmd0-real-timeline-of-deception-part-11-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 12 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Ancient Cloning Factories - Foundlings - Incubators - Test-Tube Babies https://rumble.com/v2uu8ck-real-timeline-of-deception-part-12-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 13 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Homunculus Unveiled - Jesus - Artificial Generation - Liber Vaccae - Lost Esoteric Secrets https://rumble.com/v2uwmvc-real-timeline-of-deception-part-13-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Archaix Chronology Anunnaki Sumerian Gods Crystalinks Timelines 2040B.C. 2046A.D. https://rumble.com/v2v0zks-archaix-chronology-anunnaki-sumerian-gods-crystalinks-timelines-2040b.c.-20.html Archaix 2.0 Doomsday Chronology Five color charts with extensive Legend-chronology; exhibits 62 dates involving 300 events in linear timeline combining the Phoenix and Nemesis X Object appearances, the Mayan Long-Count baktuns and the Anunnaki NER 600 year periods, a history spanning over 74 centuries to May 2040 and November 2046. Not on the chart but talked about in video are 21 additional dated events of things occurring in the world at key times within the 4 listed timelines. The BCE/CE dating system was first used in the 17th century and has been used since in scholarly publications read by people of all faiths and cultures in an effort to be inclusive. This system is also more accurate in that it makes no claim to date the year of Christ’s birth which no one knows. I got over what I refer to as the "dual timelines" and go into a little detail about how they relate to each other. I try not to bore you with too many examples and technical details, but hopefully you get the idea! A Must See Video What On Earth Happened Parts (14) All 13 Parts Together Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. 0:00 - Part One: "Turning Inwards" 7:19 - Part Two: "Of Maps and Magicians" 34:40 - Part Three: "Flattening the Curve" 57:16 - Part Four: "Vanishing Points & the Old Clock" 1:21:34 - Part Five: "The Red Shield" 1:47:28 - Part Six: "Infiltration Instead of Invasion" 2:11:36 - Part Seven: "Eyes Wide Open" 3:01:55 - Part Eight: "The Looking Glass" 3:59:06 - Part Nine: "Panic" 4:37:30 - Part Ten: "The Energetic Earth" 5:24:53 - Part Eleven: "The Bumblebee & the Hexagon" 6:07:37 - Part Twelve: "Stranger than Fiction" 7:04:43 - Part Thirteen: "Down the Rabbit Hole" https://rumble.com/v2b2zqq-a-must-see-video-what-on-earth-happened-parts-14-all-13-parts-together-woeh.html The Lost History of Earth (Ewaranon) W0W - A Must See Video Lost Earth Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. 00:00:00 - Episode 1: Questioning His-story 00:13:25 - Episode 2: A Lens Into The Past 00:38:28 - Episode 3: Inheritors Of Mud & Magnificence 01:19:19 - Episode 4: Back To The Future 02:15:38 - Episode 5: The Whispering Of The Water 03:27:28 - Episode 6: Offerus And The Alchemist 04:31:57 - Episode 7: The Known World https://rumble.com/v28b4q6-a-must-see-video-lhfe-part-8-history-of-a-lost-earth-all-7-parts-together-l.html The Secret Life of Symbols with Jordan Maxwell Knowledge of the Heavens, Life on Earth https://rumble.com/v28wyns-the-secret-life-of-symbols-with-jordan-maxwell-knowledge-of-the-heavens-lif.html Secret Life of Symbols Start with 00:00:00 World of the Occult 00:36:02 Solar Worship 01:09:26 Mazzaroth - Ordinances of Heaven 01:37:29 Creating Man in Our Image 02:11:45 Solomon’s Temple & The Ark 02:53:31 Secret Legacy of Moses 03:25:52 Saturn and Secret Societies 03:55:07 Secrets of the Dollar 04:15:03 Incorporating America 04:42:21 Dawn of a New Day. Secret symbols have long been used to convey occult teachings and esoteric knowledge of the heavens, life on Earth and the meaning to our existence. For millennia, these secrets were kept by the elite, for their own benefit. By decoding ancient scriptures and symbols, we gain a new perspective of the clandestine forces which have guided human civilization through the ages. All around us are the secrets we seek to revealing our connection to the universe and unlock the deepest truths of human destiny. Secrets in Plain Sight - Volume Secrets Inside of Everyday Objects Top Documentary Films https://rumble.com/v29m63a-secrets-in-plain-sight-volume-secrets-inside-of-everyday-objects-top-docume.html Secrets in Plain Sight is an awe inspiring exploration of great art, architecture, and urban design which skillfully unveils an unlikely intersection of geometry, politics, numerical philosophy, religious mysticism, new physics, music, astronomy, and world history. Proofs Earth Is Not A Spinning Ball What The Hell Happened 200 Times Collection https://rumble.com/v2u2d94-proofs-earth-is-not-a-spinning-ball-what-the-hell-happened-200-times-collec.html Proofs Earth Is Not A Spinning Ball When a photo of spherical Earth is pointed out to flat-earthers, they will dismiss it as CGI in the blink of an eye; even if they haven’t done any analysis at all. They do this because their belief in flat-Earth is not evidence-based, and any evidence contrary to their beliefs needs to be invalidated no matter how. They are so used to doing it, and sometimes they become confused by it themselves, to the point that they would take the slightest hint of digital manipulation of any picture of the Earth as evidence of the flat Earth. Welcome To Our Channel In 2025 We Are 8 British Born With Dual Citizenship Chinese Women From And Born In Hong Kong, China... Who Are Now Live In U.S.A. Thank You For Watching Our Channel (What If Everything You Were Taught Was A Lie?) Yes We All The People Of The U.S.A. So If You Our Black-White-Yellow-Brown-Red-Woke-Trans-High Yellow-Etc. We At This Channel Do Not Care About Anyone Skin Color At All Now Or In The Past Time. All Info. shared in this channel is for non-hate and non-race and historical purposes to educate, elevate, entertain, enlighten, and empower through old and new film and document allowance is made for fair use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, scholarship, and research. Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976: Allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favour of fair use. Note: We Want You And Other Peoples With A Open Mind To Think Of This Channel 888+ Video's As A Encyclopedia Set. (Not Every Word Or Topics In This Encyclopedia Set Is For Every Person To Read & Some People Will Hate And Other Will Like This Channel Topics... But Remember In The U.S.A. Its Called Freedom Of Speech For Everyone In This World Today). Also In A Dictionary Words And Meanings Change Over Time Too. Note in the original 1611 version of the King James Version of the Bible there was no “J” letter in this Bible for because it did not exist. James was spelled Iames. Jesus was spelled Iesous. One of the most asked questions of the century. How can the Messiah’s Name be Jesus if the letter “J” did not exist 500 years ago ? So if you watch or see old words in are videos... you must look up the words in very old dictionary for the words right meanings for that period of time in our history. Note: So now the content on this channel may cover lots of controversial topics and explore differing perspectives. It is intended for informational and discussion purposes only. Views expressed by guests or in comments do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the channel owner. We encourage respectful dialogue and open-mindedness. However, viewers are advised to conduct their own research and exercise critical thinking when engaging with the content. This channel does not endorse or condone any form of hate speech, discrimination, or violence. Viewer discretion is advised. Welcome To The New World Order - The Year Zero - The Real Origin of the World - National Anthem of the United States of America and Confederate States of America National Anthem and New World Order National Anthem Is "The Ostrich" Lyrics by Steppenwolf from the album 'Rest In Peace' 1967-1972 A.C.E. The Conspiracy to Rule Your Mind chronicles how the ruling elite have established global domination and the ability to effect the thoughts, decisions, and world view of human beings across the globe by systematically infiltrating the media, academia, industry, military and political factions under the guise of upholding democracy. Learn how this malevolent consortium has dedicated centuries to realize an oppressive and totalitarian rule through any means necessary, not limited to drug trafficking, money laundering, terror attacks and financial crisis within the world economy. Worldwide tyranny is already in full effect, the food we eat and the air we breathe are not off limits. Will we be able to stop this madness before we become an electronically monitored, cashless society wherein ever man, woman and child is micro chipped? We live in the world where sex is free and love costs, where losing a phone is scarier than losing morale, where it is fashionable to get drunk and using drugs, because if you don’t do that, you’re old and out, where men cheat on their wives with girls and if they don’t, it’s for fear of being caught, where girls are more afraid of being pregnant than getting AIDS, where pizza delivery is faster than an ambulance, where clothes decide a person’s value and money is more important than friends and family... This is not my world. Where has my true world gone? The New World Order Is Upon Us - Preserve Your Liberty By Being Prepared ! - We The People of the New World Order Thank You. The Left/Right paradigm isn't only exposed by race and immigration issues. The Left and Right are in lockstep on every issue that really matters: The IRS. Income tax. Federal Reserve system. Endless wars. Endless expansion of tyranny and ever contracting liberty. Chronically wide-open borders. Suicidal immigration policies. Don't you see? The democrats and republicans exist only to provide the illusion of choice. A strong "us versus them" simulation in every election. It's ritualized tribalism. But the joke is, it doesn't matter which team wins, because both sides have the same agenda. God, guns and gays are phony "issues" to bolster the illusion of "difference" between the parties. The only thing that makes all this possible is that people aren't aware of the scam. Just knowing they are either "Team Red" or "Team Blue" liberates them from the responsibility of having to actually know or think anything. Then they feel righteous when their team wins, or despondent when they loose. It's no coincidence that the system works exactly like sports. There comes a point when ignorance and apathy become treason. We are past that point, people. Everything you want to know what could be more terrifying than being trafficked for sex? Being murdered in a ritual sacrifice. And even worse than that would be being murdered in a ritual sacrifice so wealthy elite cabalists can harvest your adrenal glands to get the compound Adrenochrome they need to prolong their decrepit lives! It's so easy to be overwhelmed and feel beaten by the amount of negative and discouraging information being spread by the mainstream (fake stream) media. There are truly awful people in WEF and WHO, who want to reduce us to the level of serfs or chattel, but we can resist, indeed, we must resist. Be calm, be objective and be positive. Right is Might. “The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men should do nothing.” Nobody Is Safe From People's Republic Of The Tyrannical We The Sheeple People of The United States of America and A Real True Bill of State Rights Of Government July Forth 1776 The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, which limit the power of the federal government and guarantee certain freedoms and rights to all colour of people and for the citizens of All America. Thanks For Calling and Remember the U.S. Government Leave No Witnesses Alive Behind Them. If You See Fraudulent or Criminal Activities by U.S. Government. Please Call Us (ASAP) So We Can Send Someone Out To Kill You! Thanks Again For Calling. A symbolic example of this secret truth is contained within the National Bird of the United States. Many Americans and people around the world think that our National Bird of the U.S. is an eagle. They are wrong. The symbolic bird you will find on the Great Seal of the United States is actually the mythical bird known as a Phoenix. The scroll in the beak of the Phoenix is the Latin motto of 13 letters, E Pluribus Unum, meaning in English, ” Out of Many, One”. Later an olive branch and a bundle of 13 arrows (representing peace and war, respectively) were included in the claws of the phoenix. Over its head there appears 13 stars that are arranged in rows of 1-4-3-4-1, forming a six-pointed star. The Star of David and symbol of Israel. Your Birth Certificate Equals Slavery Bondage Understanding How Admiralty Maritime Laws Work And What Is And Why Is U.S.A. Laws Are Under A Gold Fringe Flag? So have you ever walked into a court room and notice a gold fringe flag hanging in the room? Did you ever wonder why every single flag in court rooms and government buildings is a gold fringe flag? And do you remember how many times you pledged your allegiance to that flag? “I pledge allegiance to the flag, of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one Nation, under God, indivisible, with Liberty and Justice for all.” Reciting the pledge was the first things we did in school every day, from day one of first grade, to the last day of eighth grade. So, after eight years of repetition, the neuro-pathways are grooved in deep into our brains. And our loyalty so strong to the red, white and blue. Then, one day, we wake up in our adult world, and guess what? The flag now has gold fringe around it and we NEVER asked why? Why is this flag different than the one we were taught to love and be loyal to? We never questioned it. We just assumed it was the same, dear old stripes and stars, and went about out busy little lives. So, the flag in the court room is a gold fringe flag. Who cares? That doesn’t affect me, right? You should care and yes, it does affect you. The gold fringe flag is a clear sign of a system being in place that is not the system we are taught to believe is in place. A gold fringe flag was historically used during times of war in maritime admiralty law(which we are in right now as well). The gold fringe flag is not the same flag that is approved for our Constitutional Republic in USA code Title 4 Ch 1 & Ch 2. The fourth color (yellow) is not approved in the code. Also, you will notice the tassels hanging from the flag. These are also symbolic of admiralty law, which is the law of the sea. So, wait a minute? Our flags that hang in our government buildings and court rooms are actually representative of war-time in the law of the sea/admiralty law?? Yes. We are in fact, functioning in maritime admiralty law, and our court system is actually upholding a corporation that goes by the name of UNITED STATES. In other words, we are not in a republic, and we are not dealing with the constitutional United States of America. Well, actually, the UNITED STATES does have a constitution but it is not the same as the original Constitution that was drafted for the republic. This is why the gold fringed flag controversy is such a big deal, because it symbolize. So, now it is up to us to figure out how to navigate our way through the law of the sea, in order to find our remedies. The possibilities for this are endless. But it basically boils down to either mastering the current system and learning how to navigate your way through it, without incurring personal liability for anything. Or, separating yourself completely from the system, and moving yourself back to common law. In other words, you can go as far as expatriating yourself from the UNITED STATES so that you no longer belong to that corporation. Therefore, their rules would no longer apply to you. Cool, huh? What Is Maritime (aka Admiralty) Law, and Why Is It Important ? What Is Maritime Law? Maritime law, also known as admiralty law, is a body of laws, conventions, and treaties that govern private maritime business and other nautical matters, such as shipping or offenses occurring on open water. International rules governing the use of the oceans and seas are known as the Law of the Sea. The Presidential Hotline Pedophile and Secret Human Trafficking and Child Sex Ring Etc. Call 1-866-4-5455-968 ( 1-866-I-Kill-You ) should be used when all your attempts to get assistance from a government department, province, municipality or state agency have failed. It is not only a complaints line. You can call to share your views or provide solutions to the challenges in your community. We also list the help line numbers of non-governmental organization's working with government. You may call at 987-654-3210 ext. new world order! In 1984 Tried To Warn Us We The People About Every record has been destroyed or falsified, every book rewritten, every picture has been repainted, every statue and street building has been renamed, every date has been altered. And the process is continuing day by day and minute by minute. History has stopped. If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face forever. This Information Is For Everyone To See The Real Truth Today. This Channel Is Up For 666 Day Now And Rumble Said We Have Made In Ad Money A Total Of $682 Dollars As Of Nov. 12, 2024 So Our Ave. Money Is $1.02 Cents A Day. Yes This Channel Is Not About Making Money At ALL. Thank You Everyone For Over 5 Million+ Views And For Watching All Of Our 872 Video's In 2022 - 2024. We hold that the American People Created a Constitutional Republic for the United States of America and never gave permission for a foreign controlled corporation to govern Us. As a soldier sworn to uphold the laws of the Constitution of the USA, what do you know about these newer movements such as "Sovereign Citizens", people that sign a "Declaration of Sovereign Intent" and/or belong to the "Republic for the United States of America?" Some of these people may honestly believe in what these movements stand for and they enjoy the rights that our Constitution provides, but there are a number of domestic extremists and criminal activities associated with those groups as well. This is an open-ended question so please feel free to comment. All religion is a tool to have more control over the people's thoughts and behavior. Now religion is basically a pyramid scheme making the few at the top rich. Why does a church need a 15 million dollar compound with multiple buildings? Why does the pastor usually drive a nice new mercedes or BMW while the flock struggles and still gives the church money every week? Don't people join the church to change their life and help others the same way? It's like politicians, they should almost be volunteer jobs or just low paying. Otherwise you just keep getting people who want more money regardless of how they get it. Take from the poor and keep it doesn't sound like caring for the people. For the most part big churches were corrupted centuries ago with power hungry people. Now it's greed, a larger flock or church means they get more money every week!! The only way to attack illegal activity is to focus on the illegal activity and its perpetrators, former President Reagan argued in a 1983 speech. “You won’t get gun control by disarming law-abiding citizens. There’s only one way to get real gun control: Disarm the thugs and the criminals, lock them up, and if you don’t actually throw away the key, at least lose it for a long time,” he said. all gun laws are unconstitutional therefore illegal and void. no government official anywhere in the united states of America has any legal lawful constitutional authority or jurisdiction to pass or enforce any form of gun laws whatsoever anywhere in the united states of America under the supremacy clause, article 4 section 2 paragraph 1, second amendment shall not be Infringed clause,9th amendment enumeration clause,10th amendment nor prohibited by it to the states clause,14th amendment section 1 no state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the united states clause combined anyone passing or enforcing any form of gun laws anywhere in the united states of America are guilty of felony crimes in violation of Title 18 U.S.C. section §241 conspiracy against rights, Title 18 U.S.C. section §242,if they are working with or on behalf of any anti Gun organizations, association, movement, group they are guilty in violation of Title 5 U.S.C. section §7311 Ex. ORD. No. 10450 subsection (5), they are guilty of Perjury in violating oath of office swearing false oath, insurrection and rebellion against the constitution of the united states of America, and Treason. Yes that's what our second amendment exists for to take down terrorist tyrant traitors calling themselves government. "You won't get gun control by disarming law-abiding citizens. There's only one way to get real gun control: Disarm the thugs and the criminals, lock them up, and if you don't actually throw away the key, at least lose it for a long time." - President Reagan The natural right to keep & bear arms protects all of our other natural rights. Two of the very few reasons government exists is to protect the country and protect the natural rights of its citizens. However, the government, fed and state, have abandoned their purpose and have made themselves the enemy of America and Americans. They not only fail to protect our rights, they steal our wealth to spend Attacking our natural rights and trying to replace them with socialist welfare & subsidies like murdering babies & state-mismanaged death care. The Second Amendment is not about duck hunting…. It is about our rights, all of our rights to be able to protect ourselves from ‘All Enemies Foreign and Domestic’. This includes protections from a possible Tyrannical Government.” We at this channel would like to add this quote for everyone to open your own mind this year: Your body diet is not only what you eat. It is also what you watch, what you listen to, what you read, the people you hang out with and the things you subject your mind, body and soul too. Always be mindful of the things you put into your body emotionally, spiritually and physically. Thank You Everyone Who Watch Our 1,001 Video's To Help Other In 2025.

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1001th Video... Why Do The Peoples Of The World Hate China ? Fentanyl ? California Black Reparations ? Really ? A True History How British Opium Destroyed China's Greatest Empire Of The World For 2000 Years And Our True Mandate Of Heaven. The Opium Wars Under the East India Company, Our ancestors were pushed to grow opium instead of food. I carry the memory of a time when our fields were taken from us not by force, but by control. Hunger grew at home while profits sailed away. The wealth it brought built empires, not our villages. “It’s haunting to realize an empire that survived wars and rebellions was ultimately undone by something as small as a puff of smoke. History whispers louder than cannons sometimes.” It's wild how empires don’t always collapse with gunfire sometimes, they dissolve in silence, puff by puff. So opium went there to China, and now fentanyl comes here to American. This story isn't just about the Qing Dynasty. It's about how human weakness, greed, and misplaced pride can unravel even the most powerful systems. The fact that a foreign substance could unravel centuries of culture and power is chilling. Was it weakness or calculated sabotage? This reminds me how economic control often starts with dependency. How many modern empires are built on something just as fragile? It wasn’t an army that brought the empire to its knees it was a flower turned weapon. How do you fight a war… when the battlefield is inside your mind? Could you have seen it coming? British literally turned 'Plant Trafficking' into an empire-ending superweapon. That’s not history, that’s a villain origin story!” Thank you for this video, it was really fascinating. It’s discussing that Britain led the world in this trade, and went to war to make sure it was continued. I'm English but if I was Chinese I don’t think I would forgive or forget what was done to my country and its people, all in the pursuit of money. I hope my government has apologized at some point. I’m still stunned by the description of foreign merchants making a fortune while entire villages collapsed into drug addiction. And how some of that wealth funded universities and public works in the West? It’s so morally complex that it’s painful to think about. Should we view historical prosperity differently when it comes with such a huge hidden cost? Now i understand the Chinese attitude towards the west and generally why they are so strict on narcotics. I can’t stop thinking, did the people at the time realize it was the beginning of the end, or did it just feel like another bad year? Imagine losing control of one‑third of the world’s wealth… not because of a warship, but because of a pipe. This story feels like a warning for our own time. Mandate of Heaven The Mandate of Heaven (Tianming) is an ancient Chinese political and philosophical concept that served as the foundation for the legitimacy of rulers, particularly emperors, throughout much of Chinese history. It originated with the Zhou dynasty around 1046 BCE, following their overthrow of the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye, and was used to justify their rule by claiming they had received divine approval from Heaven (Tian). According to this doctrine, Heaven bestowed the mandate on a virtuous ruler, who was known as the "Son of Heaven," granting them the right to rule over Tianxia, meaning "all under heaven". The mandate was not hereditary or permanent; it could be lost if the ruler became unjust, corrupt, or failed to govern wisely. Signs of losing the mandate included natural disasters like droughts, famines, floods, and earthquakes, as well as social unrest, peasant uprisings, and foreign invasions, all interpreted as Heaven's displeasure. This concept also provided a theoretical justification for rebellion against an unjust ruler, allowing for dynastic change. The idea persisted through imperial China, influencing political thought until the end of imperial rule in 1911, and continues to be referenced in modern discussions about political legitimacy in China. Opium's Impact on China The Opium Wars, fought between the Qing Dynasty and Western powers in the mid-19th century, were pivotal events that severely weakened China's imperial system and are often seen as the beginning of the end for the Qing Dynasty. The conflict stemmed from a trade imbalance where China exported valuable goods like tea, silk, and porcelain, but Britain had few goods China desired, leading to a massive outflow of silver. To counter this, the British East India Company began smuggling Indian opium into China, which became a highly profitable enterprise. Despite Qing prohibitions on opium dating back to 1729, the addictive nature of the drug led to a massive increase in consumption; by the 1830s, an estimated 10–12 million Chinese were addicted. This addiction drained the empire's silver reserves and caused widespread social and economic disruption. In response, the Daoguang Emperor appointed the hardline official Lin Zexu to suppress the opium trade in 1839. Lin confiscated and destroyed over 20,000 chests of opium (approximately 1,300 tonnes or 2.9 million pounds) in a public ceremony at Humen. This action, while a powerful symbol of resistance, provoked the British government, which saw the destruction of private property as an affront to free trade and demanded compensation. The British government responded by sending a naval expedition, marking the start of the First Opium War. The superior military technology of the British Royal Navy led to decisive victories, culminating in the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. This "Unequal Treaty" forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, open five treaty ports to foreign trade, pay substantial reparations, and grant extraterritorial rights to British citizens. The Second Opium War (1856–1860) further devastated the Qing Dynasty. It was triggered by the seizure of the British-registered ship Arrow and the execution of a French missionary, leading to a coalition of British and French forces. The war resulted in the Treaty of Tientsin (Tianjin), which legalized the opium trade, opened more ports, allowed foreign diplomats to reside in Beijing, and granted missionaries the right to travel and operate freely within China. The war's climax was the burning of the Summer Palace by Anglo-French forces in 1860, a symbolic act of imperial humiliation. These conflicts, along with the massive indemnities and the loss of sovereignty, severely weakened the Qing government's authority and legitimacy. The wars also coincided with internal rebellions, most notably the Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), which killed an estimated 20 million people and further strained the state's resources. The cumulative effect of the Opium Wars, the resulting "Century of Humiliation," and internal strife ultimately contributed to the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. Britain Empire The British Empire was a worldwide system of dependencies, including colonies, protectorates, and other territories, brought under the sovereignty of the crown of Great Britain and the administration of the British government over a span of some three centuries, beginning in the 16th century and lasting until the end of the 20th century. Its foundations were laid with the establishment of overseas settlements in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, such as the failed Roanoke Colony in 1585 and the successful Jamestown settlement in 1607. The empire's growth was driven by maritime expansion, commercial ambitions, and competition with other European powers like France and the Netherlands. Key events included the conquest of Mughal Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which secured British dominance in India, and the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which made Britain dominant in Canada after the Seven Years' War. At its height in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the British Empire became the largest empire in history and the foremost global power for over a century. By 1920, it covered 35.5 million km² (13.7 million sq mi), approximately 24% of the Earth's total land area, and held sway over 412 million people, representing 23% of the world's population at the time. This vast reach led to the description of the empire as "the empire on which the sun never sets," as the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories. The period of relative peace and dominance from 1815 to 1914 was later termed Pax Britannica. The empire's decline began after the First World War, accelerated by the Second World War, and was marked by the independence of India in 1947 and the Suez Crisis of 1956. The last significant colony, Hong Kong, was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, symbolizing the end of the empire for many. The British Empire no longer exists, but its legacy persists through the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of sovereign states comprising the United Kingdom and many of its former dependencies, which acknowledge the British monarch as a symbolic head. British Opium War China The narrative of the British Empire's opium trade leading to the decline of China's Qing dynasty and the erosion of its Mandate of Heaven is a complex historical interpretation, often framed by the events of the Opium Wars. The First Opium War (1839–1842) was triggered when the Qing government, under Emperor Daoguang, tasked Commissioner Lin Zexu with enforcing a ban on opium, which had become rampant due to British and American smuggling. Lin confiscated and publicly destroyed over 1,420 tonnes of opium in 1839, a decisive act that provoked the British government. The British, motivated by the immense profits from the opium trade Britain's single most profitable commodity of the 19th century and the need to protect their merchants' interests, responded by sending a naval expedition. The conflict was not solely about opium; it also involved disputes over trade rights, diplomatic equality, and the principle of free trade. The war highlighted the technological and military superiority of the British Royal Navy, which used steam-powered ships and advanced weaponry to inflict a series of decisive defeats on the Qing forces, who relied on antiquated weapons and ships. The war concluded with the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, the first of the "Unequal Treaties," which forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, open five treaty ports to foreign trade, pay a large indemnity, and grant extraterritorial rights to British citizens. This treaty, and the subsequent Second Opium War (1856–1860), which resulted in the legalization of the opium trade and further concessions, are seen by many Chinese historians as the beginning of a "Century of Humiliation," a period during which foreign powers undermined Chinese sovereignty and authority. While the opium trade was a central catalyst, the decline of the Qing dynasty was influenced by a confluence of factors, including internal corruption, population pressures, and the devastating Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), which claimed an estimated 20 million lives. The term "Mandate of Heaven," a traditional Chinese philosophical concept justifying the emperor's rule, was increasingly questioned as the Qing government failed to protect the nation from foreign aggression and internal collapse. The Opium Wars are thus often viewed as a pivotal moment that shattered the Qing's legitimacy in the eyes of its people and marked the beginning of the end for imperial China, paving the way for the eventual fall of the dynasty in 1912. The legacy of these conflicts continues to influence modern Chinese nationalism and foreign policy, with leaders like Xi Jinping invoking the "Century of Humiliation" to promote a vision of national rejuvenation. The Opium Wars in the mid-19th century were a critical juncture in modern Chinese history. The first Opium War was fought between China and Great Britain from 1839 to 1842. In the second Opium War, from 1856 to 1860, a weakened China fought both Great Britain and France. China lost both wars. The terms of its defeat were a bitter pill to swallow: China had to cede the territory of Hong Kong to British control, open treaty ports to trade with foreigners, and grant special rights to foreigners operating within the treaty ports. In addition, the Chinese government had to stand by as the British increased their opium sales to people in China. The British did this in the name of free trade and without regard to the consequences for the Chinese government and Chinese people. The lesson that Chinese students learn today about the Opium Wars is that China should never again let itself become weak, ‘backward,’ and vulnerable to other countries. As one British historian says, “If you talk to many Chinese about the Opium War, a phrase you will quickly hear is ‘luo hou jiu yao ai da,’ which literally means that if you are backward, you will take a beating.”1 Two Worlds Collide: The First Opium War In the mid-19th century, western imperial powers such as Great Britain, France, and the United States were aggressively expanding their influence around the world through their economic and military strength and by spreading religion, mostly through the activities of Christian missionaries. These countries embraced the idea of free trade, and their militaries had become so powerful that they could impose such ideas on others. In one sense, China was relatively effective in responding to this foreign encroachment; unlike its neighbours, including present-day India, Burma (now Myanmar), Malaya (now Malaysia), Indonesia, and Vietnam, China did not become a full-fledged, formal colony of the West. In addition, Confucianism, the system of beliefs that shaped and organized China’s culture, politics, and society for centuries, was secular (that is, not based on a religion or belief in a god) and therefore was not necessarily an obstacle to science and modernity in the ways that Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism sometimes were in other parts of the world. But in another sense, China was not effective in responding to the “modern” West with its growing industrialism, mercantilism, and military strength. Nineteenth-century China was a large, mostly land-based empire (see Map 1), administered by a c. 2,000-year-old bureaucracy and dominated by centuries old and conservative Confucian ideas of political, social, and economic management. All of these things made China, in some ways, dramatically different from the European powers of the day, and it struggled to deal effectively with their encroachment. This ineffectiveness resulted in, or at least added to, longer-term problems for China, such as unequal treaties (which will be described later), repeated foreign military invasions, massive internal rebellions, internal political fights, and social upheaval. While the first Opium War of 1839–42 did not cause the eventual collapse of China’s 5,000-year imperial dynastic system seven decades later, it did help shift the balance of power in Asia in favour of the West. Opium and the West’s Embrace of Free Trade In the decades leading up to the first Opium War, trade between China and the West took place within the confines of the Canton System, based in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou (also referred to as Canton). An earlier version of this system had been put in place by China under the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), and further developed by its replacement, the Qing Dynasty, also known as the Manchu Dynasty. (The Manchus were the ethnic group that ruled China during the Qing period.) In the year 1757, the Qing emperor ordered that Guangzhou/Canton would be the only Chinese port that would be opened to trade with foreigners, and that trade could take place only through licensed Chinese merchants. This effectively restricted foreign trade and subjected it to regulations imposed by the Chinese government. For many years, Great Britain worked within this system to run a three country trade operation: It shipped Indian cotton and British silver to China, and Chinese tea and other Chinese goods to Britain. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the balance of trade was heavily in China’s favour. One major reason was that British consumers had developed a strong liking for Chinese tea, as well as other goods like porcelain and silk. But Chinese consumers had no similar preference for any goods produced in Britain. Because of this trade imbalance, Britain increasingly had to use silver to pay for its expanding purchases of Chinese goods. In the late 1700s, Britain tried to alter this balance by replacing cotton with opium, also grown in India. In economic terms, this was a success for Britain; by the 1820s, the balance of trade was reversed in Britain’s favour, and it was the Chinese who now had to pay with silver. The Scourge and Profit of Opium The opium that the British sold in China was made from the sap of poppy plants, and had been used for medicinal and sometimes recreational purposes in China and other parts of Eurasia for centuries. After the British colonized large parts of India in the 17th century, the British East India Company, which was created to take advantage of trade with East Asia and India, invested heavily in growing and processing opium, especially in the eastern Indian province of Bengal. In fact, the British developed a profitable monopoly over the cultivation of opium that would be shipped to and sold in China. By the early 19th century, more and more Chinese were smoking British opium as a recreational drug. But for many, what started as recreation soon became a punishing addiction: many people who stopped ingesting opium suffered chills, nausea, and cramps, and sometimes died from withdrawal. Once addicted, people would often do almost anything to continue to get access to the drug. The Chinese government recognized that opium was becoming a serious social problem and, in the year 1800, it banned both the production and the importation of opium. In 1813, it went a step further by outlawing the smoking of opium and imposing a punishment of beating offenders 100 times. In response, the British East India Company hired private British and American traders to transport the drug to China. Chinese smugglers bought the opium from British and American ships anchored off the Guangzhou coast and distributed it within China through a network of Chinese middlemen. By 1830, there were more than 100 Chinese smugglers’ boats working the opium trade. This reached a crisis point when, in 1834, the British East India Company lost its monopoly over British opium. To compete for customers, dealers lowered their selling price, which made it easier for more people in China to buy opium, thus spreading further use and addition. In less than 30 years from 1810 to 1838 opium imports to China increased from 4,500 chests (the large containers used to ship the drug) to 40,000. As Chinese consumed more and more imported opium, the outflow of silver to pay for it increased, from about two million ounces in the early 1820s to over nine million ounces a decade later. In 1831, the Chinese emperor, already angry that opium traders were breaking local laws and increasing addiction and smuggling, discovered that members of his army and government (and even students) were engaged in smoking opium. The Users Versus Pushers Debate By 1836, the Chinese government began to get more serious about enforcing the 1813 ban. It closed opium dens and executed Chinese dealers. But the problem only grew worse. The emperor called for a debate among Chinese officials on how best to deal with the crisis. Opinion were polarized into two sides. One side took a pragmatic approach (that is, an approach not focused on the morality of the issue). It focused on targeting opium users rather than opium producers. They argued that the production and sale of opium should be legalized and then taxed by the government. Their belief was that taxing the drug would make it so expensive that people would have to smoke less of it or not smoke it at all. They also argued that the money collected from taxing the opium trade could help the Chinese government reduce revenue shortfalls and the outflow of silver. Another side vehemently disagreed with this ‘pragmatic’ approach. Led by Lin Zexu, a very capable and ambitious Chinese government official, they argued that the opium trade was a moral issue, and an “evil” that had to be eliminated by any means possible. If they could not suppress the trade of opium and addiction to it, the Chinese empire would have no peasants to work the land, no townsfolk to pay taxes, no students to study, and no soldiers to fight. They argued that instead of targeting opium users, they should stop and punish the “pushers” who imported and sold the drug in China. In the end, Lin Zexu’s side won the argument. In 1839, he arrived in Guangzhou (Canton) to supervise the ban on the opium trade and to crack down on its use. He attacked the opium trade on several levels. For example, he wrote an open letter to Queen Victoria questioning Britain’s political support for the trade and the morality of pushing drugs. More importantly, he made rapid progress in enforcing the 1813 ban by arresting over 1,600 Chinese dealers and seizing and destroying tens of thousands of opium pipes. He also demanded that foreign companies (British companies, in particular) turn over their supplies of opium in exchange for tea. When the British refused to do so, Lin stopped all foreign trade and quarantined the area to which these foreign merchants were confined. After six weeks, the foreign merchants gave in to Lin’s demands and turned over 2.6 million pounds of opium (over 20,000 chests). Lin’s troops also seized and destroyed the opium that was being held on British ships the British superintendent claimed these ships were in international waters, but Lin claimed they were anchored in and around Chinese islands. Lin then hired 500 Chinese men to destroy the opium by mixing it with lime and salt and dumping it into the bay. Finally, he pressured the Portuguese, who had a colony in nearby Macao, to expel the uncooperative British, forcing them to move to the island of Hong Kong. Taken together, these actions raised the tensions that led to the outbreak of the first Opium War. For the British, Lin’s destruction of the opium was an affront to British dignity and their concepts of trade. Many British merchants, smugglers, and the British East India Company had argued for years that China was out of touch with “civilized” nations, which practised free trade and maintained “normal” international relations through consular officials and treaties. More to the point, British representatives in Guangzhou requested that merchants turn over their opium to Lin, guaranteeing that the British government would compensate them for their losses. The idea was that in the short term, this would prevent a major conflict, and that it would keep the merchants and ship captains safe while reopening the extremely profitable China trade in other goods. The huge opium liability (the opium was worth millions of pounds sterling), and increasingly shrill demands from merchants in China, India, and London when they discovered their profits were destroyed, gave politicians in Great Britain the excuse they were looking for to act more forcefully to expand British imperial interests in China. War broke out in November 1839 when Chinese warships clashed with British merchantmen. In June 1840, 16 British warships and merchantmen many leased from the primary British opium producer, Jardine Matheson & Co. arrived at Guangzhou. Over the next two years, the British forces bombarded forts, fought battles, seized cities, and attempted negotiations. A preliminary settlement called for China to cede Hong Kong to the British Empire, pay an indemnity, and grant Britain full diplomatic relations. It also led to the Qing government sending Lin Zexu into exile. Chinese troops, using antiquated guns and cannons, and with limited naval ships, were largely ineffective against the British. Dozens of Chinese officers committed suicide when they could not repel the British marines, steamships, and merchantmen. The War’s Aftermath The first Opium War ended in 1842, when Chinese officials signed, at gunpoint, the Treaty of Nanjing. The treaty provided extraordinary benefits to the British, including: an excellent deep-water port at Hong Kong; a huge indemnity (compensation) to be paid to the British government and merchants; five new Chinese treaty ports at Guangzhou (Canton), Shanghai, Xiamen (Amoy), Ningbo, and Fuzhou, where British merchants and their families could reside; extraterritoriality for British citizens residing in these treaty ports, meaning that they were subject to British, not Chinese, laws; and a “most favoured nation” clause that any rights gained by other foreign countries would automatically apply to Great Britain as well. For China, the Treaty of Nanjing provided no benefits. In fact, Chinese imports of opium rose to a peak of 87,000 chests in 1879. After that, imports of opium declined, and then ended during the First World War, as opium production within China outgrew foreign production. However, other trade did not expand as much as foreign merchants had hoped, and they continued to blame the Chinese government for this. Among Chinese officials, the aftermath of the war led to a bitter political struggle between two factions: a peace faction, which was roughly aligned with the ‘users’ faction in the opium trade debate; and a ‘war’ faction, which was roughly aligned with the ‘pushers’ faction in that debate. The peace faction was in nominal control. In addition, the Treaty of Nanjing ended the Canton System that had been in place since the 17th century. This was followed in 1844 by a system of unequal treaties between China and western powers. Through the most favoured nation clauses, these treaties allowed westerners to build churches and spread Christianity in the treaty ports. Western imperialism and free trade had its first great victory in China with this war and its resulting treaties. When the Chinese emperor died in 1850, his successor dismissed the peace faction in favour of those who had supported Lin Zexu. The new emperor tried to bring Lin back from exile, but Lin died along the way. The Chinese court kept finding excuses not to accept foreign diplomats at the capital city of Beijing, and its compliance with the treaties fell far short of western countries’ expectations. Second Opium War (1856–1860) In 1856, a second Opium War broke out and continued until 1860, when the British and French captured Beijing and forced on China a new round of unequal treaties, indemnities, and the opening of 11 more treaty ports. This also led to increased Christian missionary work and legalization of the opium trade. Even though new ports were opened to British merchants after the first Opium War, the Chinese dragged their feet on implementing the agreements, and legal trade with China remained limited. British merchants pressed their government to do more, but the government’s hands were tied because the Chinese government in the capital city of Beijing restricted who it met with. In October 1856, Chinese authorities arrested the Chinese crew of a ship operated by the British. The British used this as an opportunity to pressure China militarily to open itself up even further to British merchants and trade. France, using the execution in China of a French Christian missionary as an excuse, joined the British in the fight. Joint French-British forces captured Guangzhou before moving north to the city of Tianjin (also referred to as Tientsin). In 1858, the Chinese agreed—on paper—to a series of western demands contained in documents like the Treaty of Tientsin. But then they refused to ratify the treaties, which led to further hostilities. In 1860, British and French troops landed near Beijing and fought their way into the city. Negotiations quickly broke down and the British High Commissioner to China ordered the troops to loot and destroy the Imperial Summer Palace, a complex and garden where Qing Dynasty emperors had traditionally handled the country’s official matters. Shortly after that, the Chinese emperor fled to Manchuria in northeast China. His brother negotiated the Convention of Beijing, which, in addition to ratifying the Treaty of Tientsin, added indemnities and ceded to Britain the Kowloon Peninsula across the strait from Hong Kong. The war ended with a greatly weakened Qing Dynasty that was now confronted with the need to rethink its relations with the outside world and to modernize its military, political, and economic structures. Thinking About the Opium War In 1839, the British imposed on China their version of free trade and insisted on the legal right of their citizens (that is, British citizens) to do what they wanted, wherever they wanted. Chinese critics point out that while the British made lofty arguments about the ‘principle’ of free trade and individual rights, they were in fact pushing a product (opium) that was illegal in their own country. There are different viewpoints on what was the main underlying factor in Britain’s involvement in the Opium Wars. Some in the west claim that the Opium Wars were about upholding the principle of free trade. Others, however, say that Great Britain was acting more in the interest of protecting its international reputation while it was facing challenges in other parts of the world, such as the Near East, India, and Latin America. Some American historians have argued that these conflicts were not so much about opium as they were about western powers’ desire to expand commercial relations more broadly and to do away with the Canton trading system. Finally, some western historians say the war was fought at least partly to keep China’s balance of trade in a deficit, and that opium was an effective way to do that, even though it had very negative impacts on Chinese society. It is important to point out that not everyone in Britain supported the opium trade in China. In fact, members of the British public and media, as well as the American public and media, expressed outrage over their countries’ support for the opium trade. From China’s historical perspective, the first Opium War was the beginning of the end of late Imperial China, a powerful dynastic system and advanced civilization that had lasted thousands of years. The war was also the first salvo in what is now referred to in China as the “century of humiliation.” This humiliation took many forms. China’s defeat in both wars was a sign that the Chinese state’s legitimacy and ability to project power were weakening. The Opium Wars further contributed to this weakening. The unequal treaties that western powers imposed on China undermined the ways China had conducted relations with other countries and its trade in tea. The continuation of the opium trade, moreover, added to the cost to China in both silver and in the serious social consequences of opium addiction. Furthermore, the many rebellions that broke out within China after the first Opium War made it increasingly difficult for the Chinese government to pay its tax and huge indemnity obligations. Present-day Chinese historians see the Opium Wars as a wars of aggression that led to the hard lesson that “if you are ‘backward,’ you will take a beating.” These lessons shaped the rationale for the Chinese Revolution against imperialism and feudalism that emerged, and then succeeded, decades later. 1839-1842: First Opium (First Anglo-Chinese) War. Treaty of Nanking signed (1842) ending the First Opium War. China to pay large indemnity and extraterritoriality and most favored nation principle established in China 1856-1860: The Second Opium (Anglo-Chinese)War. Convention of Peking signed ending the war, opening eleven more Chinese cities to foreign trade, freedom of religion now allowed in China, legalized opium, Britain, France, Russia and U.S. est. diplomatic legations in Peking, foreign commercial vessels allowed on Yangtze and the right of foreigners to travel throughout China. 1850-1864: Taiping Rebellion-most deadliest civil rebellion to date. Approximately 20 million killed. 1861: Tongzhi reign. Rise of power of Empress Dowager Cixi. 1882: Chinese Exclusion Act passed in the United States severely limiting immigration. 1884-1885: China defeated in war with France. Establishment of French Indo-China. 1894-1895: Sino-Japanese War. China defeated. Treaty of Shimonoseki signed. 1895-1900: Establishment of concessions in Shanghai and other coastal cities. 1900: Boxer Siege (Boxer Rebellion) of Beijing; lifted by eight allied armies. A year later Boxer Protocol signed. 1905: Sun Yat-sen establishes the Revolutionary Alliance, precursor to GMD (Guómindӑng-Nationalist Party). Abolition of the civil service examination. 1911: The First People’s Republic of China Proclaimed, fall of the Manchu Qing Dynasty (founded in 1644.) 1912: Sun inaugurated as first president of Republic of China (ROC). He abdicates. 1914: World War I begins. China is allied with United States and Great Britain. 1915: Yuan Shikai (Sun’s successor as President) negotiates Japan’s Twenty-one Demands. 1915: New Youth magazine launched, New Culture movement begins . 1916-1926: Warlord period. 1919: Treaty of Versailles signed – Shandong in dispute. 1919: May 4th Movement (student-led anti-Japanese, anti-warlord, multi-class movement) Sparked in protest to China’s treatment at Versailles. 1921: Founding of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shanghai. 1926-1927: First United Front alliance between Nationalists and CCP. 1924: Johnson-Reed Immigration Act excluding all immigration from Asia. 1925: Sun Yat-sen dies; May 30th Movement begins (multi-class, anti-imperialist struggle.) 1926-1927: Northern Expedition (anti-warlord military campaign) begins. Led by General Chiang Kai-shek reunifies China under Nationalist government. 1927: Nationalists launch anti-communist purge. Nanjing Decade begins. 1931: Japanese expansion in Manchuria (Mukden Incident.) 1934: Chiang Kai-shek’s New Life Movement begins. 1934: Long March Communist headquarters in Yenan under leadership of Mao Zedong (1893-1976.) 1936: Xian Incident (Chiang Kai-shek kidnapped until he agrees to ally with CCP.) July 7, 1937: Marco Polo Bridge Incident in China initiates invasion of mainland China. Battle of Shanghai follows from mid August-November followed by the occupation of Beijing and the then capital city, Nanjing. December 13, 1937: Nanjing occupied. Height of mass violence lasts until February 1938. Nanjing remains an occupied city throughout World War II in China. 1937-1945: Span of World War II in mainland Asia. 1938: Chiang Kai-shek moves capital to Chungking in early 1938. 1939: Outbreak of World War II in Europe. 1941: U.S. enters war after Imperial Army attack on Pearl Harbor-December 7th. 1945: Soviet Union enters war against Japan (August 9th) invading Manchuria. First atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (August 7th) and Nagasaki (August 9th.) Japan surrenders August 15, 1945. End of World War II in Asia. 1946: International Military Tribunal for the Far East, or the Tokyo Trials begins. The United States occupies Japan under provisions of surrender. Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal also begins. 1945-1949: Civil War between Nationalists and Communists 1949: People’s Republic of China begins? The Four Great Inventions of ancient China papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, and printing—are celebrated for their profound historical significance and global impact on civilization. These innovations, originating in imperial China, significantly advanced science, technology, and culture, with their influence spreading worldwide centuries after their invention. Papermaking was traditionally attributed to Cai Lun, an official of the Han dynasty, around 105 AD, who developed a method using mulberry bark, fishing nets, old rags, and hemp waste. This invention revolutionized writing materials, replacing cumbersome bamboo strips and heavy silk, and enabled the efficient recording and dissemination of information. While paper for wrapping existed earlier, its use as a widespread writing medium became common by the 3rd century. The compass, initially developed during the Warring States period as a "south-governor" (sīnán) using lodestone, evolved into a navigational tool. The first documented use of a magnetic needle in a compass appeared in the 11th century, with Shen Kuo describing a suspended magnetic needle in 1088. By the Northern Song dynasty, a spherical compass with a magnetic needle was in use, and the device was later transmitted to the Arab world and Europe. Gunpowder was first developed by Chinese alchemists in the 9th century during their search for an elixir of immortality. Early records, such as a text from around 850 AD, describe its explosive properties when saltpetre, sulfur, and charcoal were heated together. By the 11th century, the Wujing Zongyao treatise detailed gunpowder formulas with nitrate levels up to 50%, and by the 13th century, Chinese forces used explosive grenades and land mines. The explosive potential was further refined by the mid-14th century in the Huolongjing, which described formulas with nitrate levels reaching 91%. Printing was first recorded in China during the Tang dynasty (618–906 AD), with the earliest surviving examples of printed cloth patterns predating 220 AD. Woodblock printing became the dominant method for centuries, and by the 9th century, movable type printing was developed, further accelerating the spread of knowledge. The first mention of printing was an imperial decree from 593 AD mandating the printing of Buddhist scriptures. These four inventions profoundly reshaped world history: printing transformed literature and education, gunpowder revolutionized warfare, and the compass enabled global exploration and trade. Their introduction to Europe, largely through Arab traders during the Renaissance, played a crucial role in the development of modern Western civilization. True Chinese Cultural Revolution Decade And Tiananmen Square Protests Massacre - https://rumble.com/v2p60ry-true-chinese-cultural-revolution-decade-and-tiananmen-square-protests-massa.html The Chinese Revolution spanned much of the 20th century and would become a transformative event in world history. Its outcomes continue to shape China and its region and resonate through our modern world. Today, the People’s Republic of China is one of the most powerful nations on Earth. With its huge population, a diverse economy worth around $US18 trillion per annum as of 2023, and the most imposing military force in Asia, China appears destined to become the world’s preeminent superpower. Despite this, China was a comparative latecomer to the modern world. At the turn of the 20th century, the Chinese nation was fragmented and still mired in the past. Its government was dominated by feudal monarchs who claimed to rule on behalf of heaven. Its economy was largely agricultural, carried by laboring peasants, while its social structures, practices and traditions were more medieval than modern. Real True History China And A American Old WW-2 Friends Now Roots of Madness - https://rumble.com/v2ozxnq-real-true-history-china-and-a-american-old-ww-2-friends-now-roots-of-madnes.html Real True History Peoples Of China The Roots of Madness Documentary Film Produced by David L. Wolper, written by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Theodore H. White, and funded by a donation from John and Paige Curran. The film covers China's political history, including Mao Tse-tung, the Boxer Rebellion, and the Nationalist-Communist victory. The program covers a period of one hundred and seventy years of Chinese history. The film has been released under Creative Commons license. It Won an Emmy Award in the Documentary Category. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was formally established, with its national capital at Beijing. "The Chinese people have stood up!" declared Mao as he announced the creation of a "people's democratic dictatorship." The people were defined as a coalition of four social classes: the workers, the peasants, the petite bourgeoisie, and the national-capitalists. The four classes were to be led by the CCP, as the vanguard of the working class. At that time the CCP claimed a membership of 4.5 million, of which members of peasant origin accounted for nearly 90 percent. The party was under Mao's chairmanship, and the government was headed by Zhou Enlai ( 1898-1976) as premier of the State Administrative Council (the predecessor of the State Council). The Soviet Union recognized the People's Republic on October 2, 1949. Earlier in the year, Mao had proclaimed his policy of "leaning to one side" as a commitment to the socialist bloc. In February 1950, after months of hard bargaining, China and the Soviet Union signed the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance, valid until 1980. The pact also was intended to counter Japan or any power's joining Japan for the purpose of aggression. For the first time in decades a Chinese government was met with peace, instead of massive military opposition, within its territory. The new leadership was highly disciplined and, having a decade of wartime administrative experience to draw on, was able to embark on a program of national integration and reform. In the first year of Communist administration, moderate social and economic policies were implemented with skill and effectiveness. The leadership realized that the overwhelming and multitudinous task of economic reconstruction and achievement of political and social stability required the goodwill and cooperation of all classes of people. Results were impressive by any standard, and popular support was widespread. By 1950 international recognition of the Communist government had increased considerably, but it was slowed by China's involvement in the Korean War. In October 1950, sensing a threat to the industrial heartland in northeast China from the advancing United Nations (UN) forces in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), units of the PLA--calling themselves the Chinese People's Volunteers--crossed the YaluJiang () River into North Korea in response to a North Korean request for aid. Almost simultaneously the PLA forces also marched into Xizang to reassert Chinese sovereignty over a region that had been in effect independent of Chinese rule since the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. In 1951 the UN declared China to be an aggressor in Korea and sanctioned a global embargo on the shipment of arms and war materiel to China. This step foreclosed for the time being any possibility that the People's Republic might replace Nationalist China (on Taiwan) as a member of the UN and as a veto-holding member of the UN Security Council. After China entered the Korean War, the initial moderation in Chinese domestic policies gave way to a massive campaign against the "enemies of the state," actual and potential. These enemies consisted of "war criminals, traitors, bureaucratic capitalists, and counterrevolutionaries." The campaign was combined with party-sponsored trials attended by huge numbers of people. The major targets in this drive were foreigners and Christian missionaries who were branded as United States agents at these mass trials. The 1951-52 drive against political enemies was accompanied by land reform, which had actually begun under the Agrarian Reform Law of June 28, 1950. The redistribution of land was accelerated, and a class struggle landlords and wealthy peasants was launched. An ideological reform campaign requiring self-criticisms and public confessions by university faculty members, scientists, and other professional workers was given wide publicity. Artists and writers were soon the objects of similar treatment for failing to heed Mao's dictum that culture and literature must reflect the class interest of the working people, led by the CCP. These campaigns were accompanied in 1951 and 1952 by the san fan ( or "three anti") and wu fan ( or "five anti") movements. The former was directed ostensibly against the evils of "corruption, waste, and bureaucratism"; its real aim was to eliminate incompetent and politically unreliable public officials and to bring about an efficient, disciplined, and responsive bureaucratic system. The wu fan movement aimed at eliminating recalcitrant and corrupt businessmen and industrialists, who were in effect the targets of the CCP's condemnation of "tax evasion, bribery, cheating in government contracts, thefts of economic intelligence, and stealing of state assets." In the course of this campaign the party claimed to have uncovered a well-organized attempt by businessmen and industrialists to corrupt party and government officials. This charge was enlarged into an assault on the bourgeoisie as a whole. The number of people affected by the various punitive or reform campaigns was estimated in the millions. The Transition to Socialism, 1953-57 The period of officially designated "transition to socialism" corresponded to China's First Five-Year Plan (1953-57). The period was characterized by efforts to achieve industrialization, collectivization of agriculture, and political centralization. The First Five-Year Plan stressed the development of heavy industry on the Soviet model. Soviet economic and technical assistance was expected to play a significant part in the implementation of the plan, and technical agreements were signed with the Soviets in 1953 and 1954. For the purpose of economic planning, the first modern census was taken in 1953; the population of mainland China was shown to be 583 million, a figure far greater than had been anticipated. Among China's most pressing needs in the early 1950s were food for its burgeoning population, domestic capital for investment, and purchase of Soviet-supplied technology, capital equipment, and military hardware. To satisfy these needs, the government began to collectivize agriculture. Despite internal disagreement as to the speed of collectivization, which at least for the time being was resolved in Mao's favor, preliminary collectivization was 90 percent completed by the end of 1956. In addition, the government nationalized banking, industry, and trade. Private enterprise in mainland China was virtually abolished. Major political developments included the centralization of party and government administration. Elections were held in 1953 for delegates to the First National People's Congress, China's national legislature, which met in 1954. The congress promulgated the state constitution of 1954 and formally elected Mao chairman (or president) of the People's Republic; it elected Liu Shaoqi ( 1898-1969) chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; and named Zhou Enlai premier of the new State Council. In the midst of these major governmental changes, and helping to precipitate them, was a power struggle within the CCP leading to the 1954 purge of Political Bureau member Gao Gang () and Party Organization Department head Rao Shushi (), who were accused of illicitly trying to seize control of the party. The process of national integration also was characterized by improvements in party organization under the administrative direction of the secretary general of the party Deng Xiaoping ( who served concurrently as vice premier of the State Council). There was a marked emphasis on recruiting intellectuals, who by 1956 constituted nearly 12 percent of the party's 10.8 million members. Peasant membership had decreased to 69 percent, while there was an increasing number of "experts" , who were needed for the party and governmental infrastructures, in the party ranks. As part of the effort to encourage the participation of intellectuals in the new regime, in mid-1956 there began an official effort to liberalize the political climate. Cultural and intellectual figures were encouraged to speak their minds on the state of CCP rule and programs. Mao personally took the lead in the movement, which was launched under the classical slogan "Let a hundred flowers bloom, let the hundred schools of thought contend" (). At first the party's repeated invitation to air constructive views freely and openly was met with caution. By mid-1957, however, the movement unexpectedly mounted, bringing denunciation and criticism against the party in general and the excesses of its cadres in particular. Startled and embarrassed, leaders turned on the critics as "bourgeois rightists" () and launched the Anti-Rightist Campaign. The Hundred Flowers Campaign , sometimes called the Double Hundred Campaign (), apparently had a sobering effect on the CCP leadership. The Great Leap Forward, 1958-60 The antirightist drive was followed by a militant approach toward economic development. In 1958 the CCP launched the Great Leap Forward () campaign under the new "General Line for Socialist Construction." The Great Leap Forward was aimed at accomplishing the economic and technical development of the country at a vastly faster pace and with greater results. The shift to the left that the new "General Line" represented was brought on by a combination of domestic and external factors. Although the party leaders appeared generally satisfied with the accomplishments of the First Five-Year Plan, they--Mao and his fellow radicals in particular--believed that more could be achieved in the Second Five-Year Plan (1958-62) if the people could be ideologically aroused and if domestic resources could be utilized more efficiently for the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture. These assumptions led the party to an intensified mobilization of the peasantry and mass organizations, stepped-up ideological guidance and indoctrination of technical experts, and efforts to build a more responsive political system. The last of these undertakings was to be accomplished through a new xiafang ( or down to the countryside) movement, under which cadres inside and outside the party would be sent to factories, communes, mines, and public works projects for manual labor and firsthand familiarization with grass-roots conditions. Although evidence is sketchy, Mao's decision to embark on the Great Leap Forward was based in part on his uncertainty about the Soviet policy of economic, financial, and technical assistance to China. That policy, in Mao's view, not only fell far short of his expectations and needs but also made him wary of the political and economic dependence in which China might find itself. The Great Leap Forward centered on a new socioeconomic and political system created in the countryside and in a few urban areas--the people's communes . By the fall of 1958, some 750,000 agricultural producers' cooperatives, now designated as production brigades, had been amalgamated into about 23,500 communes, each averaging 5,000 households, or 22,000 people. The individual commune was placed in control of all the means of production and was to operate as the sole accounting unit; it was subdivided into production brigades (generally coterminous with traditional villages) and production teams. Each commune was planned as a self-supporting community for agriculture, small-scale local industry (for example, the famous backyard pig-iron furnaces), schooling, marketing, administration, and local security (maintained by militia organizations). Organized along paramilitary and laborsaving lines, the commune had communal kitchens, mess halls, and nurseries. In a way, the people's communes constituted a fundamental attack on the institution of the family, especially in a few model areas where radical experiments in communal living--large dormitories in place of the traditional nuclear family housing-- occurred. (These were quickly dropped.) The system also was based on the assumption that it would release additional manpower for such major projects as irrigation works and hydroelectric dams, which were seen as integral parts of the plan for the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture. The Great Leap Forward was an economic failure. In early 1959, amid signs of rising popular restiveness, the CCP admitted that the favorable production report for 1958 had been exaggerated. Among the Great Leap Forward's economic consequences were a shortage of food (in which natural disasters also played a part); shortages of raw materials for industry; overproduction of poor-quality goods; deterioration of industrial plants through mismanagement; and exhaustion and demoralization of the peasantry and of the intellectuals, not to mention the party and government cadres at all levels. Throughout 1959 efforts to modify the administration of the communes got under way; these were intended partly to restore some material incentives to the production brigades and teams, partly to decentralize control, and partly to house families that had been reunited as household units. Political consequences were not inconsiderable. In April 1959 Mao, who bore the chief responsibility for the Great Leap Forward fiasco, stepped down from his position as chairman of the People's Republic. The National People's Congress elected Liu Shaoqi as Mao's successor, though Mao remained chairman of the CCP. Moreover, Mao's Great Leap Forward policy came under open criticism at a party conference at Lushan (), Jiangxi Province. The attack was led by Minister of National Defense Peng Dehuai (), who had become troubled by the potentially adverse effect Mao's policies would have on the modernization of the armed forces. Peng argued that "putting politics in command" was no substitute for economic laws and realistic economic policy; unnamed party leaders were also admonished for trying to "jump into communism in one step." After the Lushan showdown, Peng Dehuai, who allegedly had been encouraged by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev to oppose Mao, was deposed. Peng was replaced by Lin Biao (), a radical and opportunist Maoist. The new defense minister initiated a systematic purge of Peng's supporters from the military. Militancy on the domestic front was echoed in external policies. The "soft" foreign policy based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence to which China had subscribed in the mid-1950s gave way to a "hard" line in 1958. From August through October of that year, the Chinese resumed a massive artillery bombardment of the Nationalist-held offshore islands of Jinmen ( Chin-men in Wade Giles but often referred to as Kinmen or Quemoy) and Mazu ( Ma-tsu in Wade-Giles). This was accompanied by an aggressive propaganda assault on the United States and a declaration of intent to "liberate" Taiwan. Chinese control over Xizang had been reasserted in 1950. The socialist revolution that took place thereafter increasingly became a process of sinicization for the Tibetans. Tension culminated in a revolt in 1958-59 and the flight to India by the Dalai Lama, the Tibetans' spiritual and de facto temporal leader. Relations with India--where sympathy for the rebels was aroused--deteriorated as thousands of Tibetan refugees crossed the Indian border. There were several border incidents in 1959, and a brief Sino-Indian border war erupted in October 1962 as China laid claim to Aksai Chin, nearly 103,600 square kilometers of territory that India regarded as its own. The Soviet Union gave India its moral support in the dispute, thus contributing to the growing tension between Beijing and Moscow. The Sino-Soviet dispute of the late 1950s was the most important development in Chinese foreign relations. The Soviet Union had been China's principal benefactor and ally, but relations between the two were cooling. The Soviet agreement in late 1957 to help China produce its own nuclear weapons and missiles was terminated by mid-1959. From that point until the mid-1960s, the Soviets recalled all of their technicians and advisers from China and reduced or canceled economic and technical aid to China. The discord was occasioned by several factors. The two countries differed in their interpretation of the nature of "peaceful coexistence." The Chinese took a more militant and unyielding position on the issue of anti-imperialist struggle, but the Soviets were unwilling, for example, to give their support on the Taiwan question. In addition, the two communist powers disagreed on doctrinal matters. The Chinese accused the Soviets of "revisionism"; the latter countered with charges of "dogmatism." Rivalry within the international communist movement also exacerbated Sino-Soviet relations. An additional complication was the history of suspicion each side had toward the other, especially the Chinese, who had lost a substantial part of territory to tsarist Russia in the mid-nineteenth century. Whatever the causes of the dispute, the Soviet suspension of aid was a blow to the Chinese scheme for developing industrial and high-level (including nuclear) technology. Readjustment and Recovery, 1961-65 In 1961 the political tide at home began to swing to the right, as evidenced by the ascendancy of a more moderate leadership. In an effort to stabilize the economic front, for example, the party--still under Mao's titular leadership but under the dominant influence of Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun (), Peng Zhen (), Bo Yibo (), and others--initiated a series of corrective measures. Among these measures was the reorganization of the commune system, with the result that production brigades and teams had more say in their own administrative and economic planning. To gain more effective control from the center, the CCP reestablished its six regional bureaus and initiated steps aimed at tightening party discipline and encouraging the leading party cadres to develop populist-style leadership at all levels. The efforts were prompted by the party's realization that the arrogance of party and government functionaries had engendered only public apathy. On the industrial front, much emphasis was now placed on realistic and efficient planning; ideological fervor and mass movements were no longer the controlling themes of industrial management. Production authority was restored to factory managers. Another notable emphasis after 1961 was the party's greater interest in strengthening the defense and internal security establishment. By early 1965 the country was well on its way to recovery under the direction of the party apparatus, or, to be more specific, the Central Committee's Secretariat headed by Secretary General Deng Xiaoping. The Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 In the early 1960s, Mao was on the political sidelines and in semiseclusion. By 1962, however, he began an offensive to purify the party, having grown increasingly uneasy about what he believed were the creeping "capitalist" and antisocialist tendencies in the country. As a hardened veteran revolutionary who had overcome the severest adversities, Mao continued to believe that the material incentives that had been restored to the peasants and others were corrupting the masses and were counterrevolutionary. To arrest the so-called capitalist trend, Mao launched the Socialist Education Movement (1962-65), in which the primary emphasis was on restoring ideological purity, reinfusing revolutionary fervor into the party and government bureaucracies, and intensifying class struggle. There were internal disagreements, however, not on the aim of the movement but on the methods of carrying it out. Opposition came mainly from the moderates represented by Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, who were unsympathetic to Mao's policies. The Socialist Education Movement was soon paired with another Mao campaign, the theme of which was "to learn from the People's Liberation Army." Minister of National Defense Lin Biao's rise to the center of power was increasingly conspicuous. It was accompanied by his call on the PLA and the CCP to accentuate Maoist thought as the guiding principle for the Socialist Education Movement and for all revolutionary undertakings in China. In connection with the Socialist Education Movement, a thorough reform of the school system, which had been planned earlier to coincide with the Great Leap Forward, went into effect. The reform was intended as a work-study program a new xiafang movement in which schooling was slated to accommodate the work schedule of communes and factories. It had the dual purpose of providing mass education less expensively than previously and of re-educating intellectuals and scholars to accept the need for their own participation in manual labor. The drafting of intellectuals for manual labor was part of the party's rectification campaign, publicized through the mass media as an effort to remove "bourgeois" influences from professional workers particularly, their tendency to have greater regard for their own specialized fields than for the goals of the party. Official propaganda accused them of being more concerned with having "expertise" than being "red" . The Militant Phase, 1966-68 By mid-1965 Mao had gradually but systematically regained control of the party with the support of Lin Biao, Jiang Qing ( Mao's fourth wife), and Chen Boda, a leading theoretician. In late 1965 a leading member of Mao's "Shanghai Mafia," Yao Wenyuan, wrote a thinly veiled attack on the deputy mayor of Beijing, Wu Han. In the next six months, under the guise of upholding ideological purity, Mao and his supporters purged or attacked a wide variety of public figures, including State Chairman Liu Shaoqi and other party and state leaders. By mid-1966 Mao's campaign had erupted into what came to be known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the first mass action to have emerged against the CCP apparatus itself. Considerable intraparty opposition to the Cultural Revolution was evident. On the one side was the Mao-Lin Biao group, supported by the PLA; on the other side was a faction led by Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, which had its strength in the regular party machine. Premier Zhou Enlai, while remaining personally loyal to Mao, tried to mediate or to reconcile the two factions. Mao felt that he could no longer depend on the formal party organization, convinced that it had been permeated with the "capitalist" and bourgeois obstructionists. He turned to Lin Biao and the PLA to counteract the influence of those who were allegedly "`left' in form but `right' in essence." The PLA was widely extolled as a "great school" for the training of a new generation of revolutionary fighters and leaders. Maoists also turned to middle-school students for political demonstrations on their behalf. These students, joined also by some university students, came to be known as the Red Guards . Millions of Red Guards were encouraged by the Cultural Revolution group to become a "shock force" and to "bombard" with criticism both the regular party headquarters in Beijing and those at the regional and provincial levels. Red Guard activities were promoted as a reflection of Mao's policy of rekindling revolutionary enthusiasm and destroying "outdated," "counterrevolutionary" symbols and values. Mao's ideas, popularized in the Quotations from Chairman Mao, became the standard by which all revolutionary efforts were to be judged. The "four big rights" speaking out freely, airing views fully, holding great debates, and writing big-character posters became an important factor in encouraging Mao's youthful followers to criticize his intraparty rivals. The "four big rights" became such a major feature during the period that they were later institutionalized in the state constitution of 1975. The result of the unfettered criticism of established organs of control by China's exuberant youth was massive civil disorder, punctuated also by clashes among rival Red Guard gangs and between the gangs and local security authorities. The party organization was shattered from top to bottom. 2025!

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1002th Video... What Women Really Want And Why It’s Not Love And Its Not About You. Lina With No Husband Or A Single Chinese Left Over Woman & Married A Older White America Man Who Proposed To Her From A Mail Order Chinese Bride Catalogue Of Older Women Who Pay For Marriage From A Overseas Chinese Dating Services As A Digital Platform Connecting Individuals Seeking International Marriage Partners With Potential Brides From Various Countries. These catalogues are curated collections of profiles from women interested in serious relationships and marriage, often sourced from international dating sites. They allow users to browse, communicate, and potentially build relationships with women from regions like Asia, Europe, Latin America, and beyond. Chinese Mail Order Bride Catalog The term "mail order bride" describes women who connect with men, often from another country, through online platforms to marry and potentially migrate for better economic prospects. While the phrase suggests a catalogue of women available for purchase, it is not legal to order a bride from a catalog for delivery. Instead, individuals can browse online profiles of Chinese women seeking marriage, which is the modern equivalent of a catalogue. Chinese Mail Order Bride Catalog: A collection of online profiles of Chinese women seeking marriage with foreign men, accessible through matchmaking websites. Form I-129F: The U.S. immigration form required to petition for a Chinese fiancée to immigrate to America, requiring proof of a relationship and a face-to-face meeting within the last two years. Verified Brides: Women listed on matchmaking sites who have undergone some form of verification process to confirm their identity and intentions. International Marriage: The process of marrying a Chinese woman from abroad, often facilitated by online connections and formal immigration procedures. Economic Motivation: A common reason cited for women seeking marriage with foreign men, as they hope for improved material life and opportunities. Gendered Exploitation: A perspective held by some feminists, viewing the practice as exploitative due to the economic disparities and gender dynamics involved. Blossoms Dating LLC, doing business as Cherry Blossoms, is a dating site specializing in Asian women and the mail-order bride industry, with a history dating back to 1974 when it began as printed catalogs of "personals" listings. The company, which has evolved to a web-based format since 2001, operates in over a hundred countries, with a focus on China, South America, and the Philippines. The site is often referred to as "Cherry Blossoms," but the correct search term is "Blossoms.com". While the company claims to be a legitimate platform for finding relationships, it has been associated with significant concerns, including cases of abuse and murder involving couples who met through the service, such as the case of Jack Reeves, who was convicted of murdering two of his wives. The industry itself is largely unregulated, and critics argue it can lead to the exploitation of vulnerable women seeking better lives, although the company maintains that most marriages resulting from its connections are successful. A 2023 study cited in a 2025 article found that approximately 10,000 American men marry women they meet through these dating sites annually, with 80% of such marriages lasting longer than the U.S. average. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw Age 48 With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Man 2 Year Later And She Is Now 62 Years Old And Her Husband Is Now 76 Years Old. Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. So With The Help From Her Old English Teacher (Randles) Age 68 And Her Only One True Friend Left In U.S.A. Prof. Randles Thompkins And WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And She Ask Me To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. This gesture is deeply rooted in trust and friendship, symbolizing a bond of loyalty and reliability. The pinky promise is not considered inappropriate and is often used informally to seal agreements or commitments. The pinky finger itself is sometimes associated with smallness or youth, but when used in the context of a promise, it carries a positive and meaningful connotation. Unlike the middle finger in American culture, which is an offensive gesture, the pinky finger in China does not carry the same negative connotation when used in a promise. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. So Randles Thompkins Filed A Report With APS Adult Protective ServicesConcerns Involving Mistreatment Vulnerable Adults Is defined as: “The willful action or inaction that inflicts injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment on a vulnerable adult. In instances of abuse of a vulnerable adult who is unable to express or demonstrate physical harm, pain, or mental anguish, the abuse is presumed to cause physical harm, pain, or mental anguish. Abuse includes sexual abuse, mental abuse, physical abuse, and exploitation of Lina Rye a vulnerable adult..” Lina Said To Me Randles (Help) Please! Mrs. Lina Rye Called Me Sometime Crying & Other Times Happy & I Feel So Alone Sometimes ! Isolating Individuals are kept from or are absent from normal activities with family, friends, or social events. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. Injuries Suspicious or unexplainable bruises, sores, or weight loss. Behaviors or emotions Change in normal personality. Daily living needs Neglect or inattention to hygiene, clothing, medication, food, or home. Property and finances Unexplainable financial changes or missing money and personal belongings. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. What is the process for APS investigations? 1. Intake: When you make a report online, in person, or by phone or fax, our intake specialists gather information to begin the investigative process. 2. Assignment: Each intake report is reviewed to determine if APS has jurisdiction and assigns an investigation time frame. 3. Investigation: Investigations include thorough interviews, observations, record reviews, and coordination with law enforcement and other agencies as needed. 4. Offer Services: We work with community partners to offer protective services, such as emergency shelter, food, medical care, personal assistance, counseling, and more. Lina Are you o.k. ? Is your daughter o.k. ? You told me I,am talking to my daughter... and i will call you back in about a hour... I hope you and your family are o.k. today. Let's talk soon... Randles Thompkins Your Old Friend From 2016... Thanks ! Good morning. I’ve made a promise to Jerry that I will no longer have any contact with you. From now on, I won’t be replying to any messages or calls. Please take care of yourself. I wish you all the best. Good morning to you lina... I do not know who Jerry is... You made a promise to Jerry not to talk to your old English teacher and friend from back in 2016. Last time I saw you in person was at Health Club 2020 and I only talked to you by phone 10 times from 2021 to 2025.. so you made a promise not to talk to your friend of 8 years now. Sad... Randles Wow ! WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And Ask Me (Randles) To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. Randles So now I understand why on Sunday morning E-mail I got from china in 2019. Shirlee Fen fin told me you (lina) are not married to Jerry Rye... Because you got married in front of a judge and not in a church. Because you did not Consummate your marriage refers to the first act of sexual intercourse between a married couple, which signifies the completion of the marriage. In some religious traditions, failure to consummate a marriage can lead to divorce or annulment, although this is not common in modern state laws. So Lina under US Law Because you did not Consummate your marriage with Jerry and in the eyes of God... Jerry can ask a judge for a divorce or annulment of the marriage... so if you wanted to leave Jerry in the future time or get a divorce... you will get no money... because you are not married in the first place... its annulment and your marriage is over lina. But I told Shirlee Fen fin if you are married ten (10 Years) Under US Common Laws you are married you can still get your half of the money and if you are 62 years old you can also get social security too. And No Jerry can not deport you back to China Ever! So if you need i'm hear for you Lina... Yes we are friends forever... as per are pinky promise you ask me to make with you at the MU Club back in 2019. Jan 4, 2020, 11:06 AM Randles Jan 4, 2020, 1:30 PM Randles so good afternoon to you. Randles Number 88 symbolizes fortune and good luck in Chinese culture, since the word 8 sounds similar to the word fā (发, which implies 发财, or wealth, in Mandarin or Cantonese) Jan 5, 2020, 9:05 AM Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. Lina 88 is saying goodbye in my hometown. Yesterday afternoon, Jerry went to party with his four old colleague. His colleague was the man on the left of the pool on Friday afternoon. He told Jerry that he knew it was me, but didn't talk to me. At that time, I felt that he stopped intentionally beside us. Want to hear us. 88 is say goodbye in my hometown. You are a very good teacher who has taught me a lot of knowledge. Thank you once again. Jan 5, 2020, 1:12 PM Randles all is well with me at the pool.... you did not do anything wrong.... i only help you and teaching you how to swim better in the pool.... so maybe it will help save your life some day.... if you fell in the water later in life. i'm only thinking about your safety. Randles yes i think so too.... (you felt that he stopped intentionally beside us) so he stop 2 times by you... to hear us talking about your swimming lessons... maybe jerry send him to the pool ? i do not know him at all. i'm been at this gym 20 years now. Randles WindyLina I’m in the gym now. I am everything ok. I didn’t doing something wrong. Randles do you want me to stop by ? WindyLina You decide for yourself, it's not my own gym. 88 Randles you are funny today.... i hope you want to see me. Jan 5, 2020, 4:06 PM Randles your school start on monday... hope you are coming to school too... 88 Jan 6, 2020, 6:48 PM Randles hope your friend day of school is going o.k. for you..... as you say.... i'm a good teacher and you a bad or slow student... you are 5th level and going for 6th.... very good job. Jan 6, 2020, 9:21 PM Lina I am starting school today! Thank you for your teaching and help. My oral English has improved a lot. You are my good teacher. The pictures are good, very meaningful, and your car is beautiful. Thank you for sharing. Jan 7, 2020, 8:33 AM Lina Good morning handsome boy. Today I am not going to the school. I’m going to the gym now. Have a nice day! Happy to talking to you. On Sunday night, Shirley Fen Finn spoke to Jerry on a WeChat video. Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Lina I don't want Jerry to misunderstand that we are male and female friends on a date. This gym has two good friends of Jerry, and they often party together. They talk about me, but I don't know them. Jan 7, 2020, 3:22 PM Randles you and me are not on a date.... its a swimming class only.... i'm your friend and english teacher... but i'm sad that you told me that jerry hit's you in arm and face and you are crying walking down the road... sad for me. so you are not alone now.... you have friends in spokane, wa. to turn to if you need help... i'm hear for you Lina. Jan 8, 2020, 1:20 PM Randles yes i'm up now.... hope you are doing good too. Jan 9, 2020, 4:57 PM Randles so hello.... its getting cilder now and maybe 6 - 8 inch of snow and zero temp. outside for this week. i have 2 homes one with internet and one with out it.... if you need help with your english words... i may not be on line... so you may call me for help with words etc. thanks your english teacher. Randles yes the word is colder... above getting colder Jan 9, 2020, 8:21 PM Lina I heard heavy snow tomorrow. Spokane is cold now, and I hate snowy weather. My English words are very small, because I can't remember, and I am lazy too. Because it is going to snow. You should stay at home. I'll call you tomorrow at the gym. Jan 12, 2020, 9:53 AM Lina Good morning !teacher. Thank you for teaching me English. We are just a teacher-student relationship. I never sought any help. I don't need anything else for help. Except for my bad English. Lina Jerry is very nice to me and my daughter. He cares about us everywhere, but he is also a person with shortcomings. He does not like to talk and express emotions. I am very grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for my daughter. He is a good father and good husband in my heart. Lina Every family has contradictions in life, and of course we are no exception. I am a person who is grateful. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, for giving us, and for giving me information. I will always be with him and caring for him forever. Lina Goodbye. Thank you for taught me English. I don't want to cause you any misunderstanding. Previously, you asked me for some photos, so please destroy them yourself. Thank you again. Lina [correct ] I am a grateful person. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, helping us, and trusting me. I will always be with him and always take care of him. Wed 12:46 PM Randles yes i understand your messages... i ask Fen in china not to talk to jerry about this e-mail... this is only a test to me. and if Fen words are true to me..... yes i'm a english teacher and civil rights worker too.... you and jerry are not in trouble at all.... with me or the wa. state as you told me.... he (jerry) hit you and walking down the hi-way (crying) and your friend fen (did not help you by talking to you and jerry at all. yes i and you and jerry and other have short comings in life and misunderstanding too. Randles so i hope now... because of me talking to fen.... you will have a better life with jerry... and jerry will stop hitting you and will start talking to you again... on your drive and other things in your life will get better now. as you say In 2020, all dreams come true. for you. Randles Randles Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen fin) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Rommel yes i'm at the gym.... lol... and yes i'm a good driver in the snow... i'm warm and a little cold maybe lina.... Lol Sat 4:10 PM Randles Fin told you something about me and it scared me. so can you tell me about it ? your friend ? you told me i can ask you any ? you say i will always tell the truth... thank you and i hope you can see for chinese new year on saturday 25 2020 ? Chinese New Year falls on Tuesday, February 5 in 2020, and on Saturday, January 25 in 2020. It's Lunar New Year, day 1 of China’s lunar calendar, which is within a day of the second new moon before the spring equinox moon phase. 10:24 AM Lina Good morning! Teacher Rommel. Thank you for told me so much real America. The customs between China and the United States are very different. The letter you wrote to Fen and the photos you send. Maybe Fen she misunderstood you. Lina She told me about your letter, your photo, and my situation. She thinks what you say, she feels false and unbelievable. So she told me something. I will go to the gym at noon today and I still hope to see you. We are friends, you are my English teacher and I respect you very much. About Fen. I respect your choice. Lina We chat and inevitably talk about Jerry. I am grateful and trusted for Jerry. Thanks for everything he gave us! Give my daughter a good education. No one is perfect, he is 70 years old, like a child, it is normal. Lina I am also grateful to you, thank you for being my English teacher and good friend. In the United States, I am unfamiliar with life. You explain it to me. thanks again! i have removed you from my facebook page... so no one can see or read old messages you send to me. Feb 8, 2020, 11:30 AM Randles hello lina yes i'm still your friend and i did not say to stop going to ESL school to you. i said if you heard that Deer Park has two patients with coronavirus infection. and that you think and worry that you are infected. maybe you need maybe you need to stop going to ESL school now to be safe. asi do not want you to be sick. you are welcome for your concern for me and my family in China. i only want you and family to be safe. as for english you ask for more and better english help. So i say i will help you more with reading english better. its o.k. you do not anymore help with english. its o.k. ( as you ask lina - i will not help you anymore ) and yes i understand jerry is not happy with you. no one may see you at home. no one may help you with english at home. no one can call you at home. no one can watch a movie with you in Deer Park. its o.k. that you don't want to cause misunderstanding with jerry. its o.k. but all your friends at ESL school can not see you or talk to you or eat dinner with you at your home in Deer Park. Yes i'm still your friend for life. yes you do have rights in the usa. be safe always randles thompkins your old or pass english teacher.... the miss understand come from facebook... as over 80+ messages say... Lina removed a message.... i did not see your writing to me in the first place as you or facebook removed it before i can read it. i hope you understand this info. so all the old facebook messages are gone now. Your english teacher ! Randles Randles Lina removed at message........ you and lina aren't connected on facebook but you may still write to her and send and friends request. Feb 8, 2020, 3:55 PM Lina I didn't say you asked me to stop taking ESL English classes. I just want to tell you that I will always take ESL English classes. My English is bad. I really don't want to say anything. So as not to cause more and more misunderstandings. Feb 8, 2020, 5:53 PM Lina I am still in the hospital waiting for Jerry's operation. His Wednesday operation was unsuccessful. Thank you for taught me English. Feb 9, 2020, 1:19 PM Randles thank you for writing me back.... sorry to hear that operation was unsuccessful and hope its goes better the next one.... its o.k. to talk to me. i do not feel i have a misunderstandings with you lina. sometime i think... why do i care and have a concern for people and friends so much. may be its not good for me to care about so many person's in the world. i think you are scared ? your husband is not happy and will not understand you may make a mistake in life sometimes. 1. (mistake) an action or judgment that is misguided or wrong. i'm not mad at you. you can still talk to me. but i will not help you with english as you ask me not too. hope you and jerry operation go better this time.... your friend... Randles Thompkins Randles if you need someone to talk to you anytime. i'm still hear for you lina. you have my info. be positive lina and hope for the best out come ! Feb 10, 2020, 2:08 PM Randles meanwhile in china today... you have 2 cute kittycat lina. Randles Feb 10, 2020, 6:38 PM Lina thanks again. We are still friends. Take care of yourself. Feb 11, 2020, 10:55 AM Randles yes i hope you and your family are well too. Feb 11, 2020, 5:50 PM Lina 谢谢 Randles hellolina i hope jerry is better today. yes thank you too. Lina He's better now. He can walk slowly. But haven't eaten yet I just making my own dinner ，I'm going to eat now! Randles yes very nice... you do not eat much after a operation like that..... my be chicken soup . Lina 88 Randles thanks for talking lina 88 Lina Thank you 88 Randles you are so sweet to me too.... thanks 88 Feb 13, 2020, 11:56 AM Randles so about the coronavirus infection... its 14 days now..... are you o.k. or sick and or any more info. about you and your family in china ? Feb 13, 2020, 1:31 PM You set the emoji to . Feb 13, 2020, 4:11 PM Randles i do not know if jerry can make it out to buy you a card or not... after being sick.... so happy valentine's day to you from jerry and me too. but not i same meaning as from jerry and mine from friendship to you. yes it feb.14 in china now. hope you are well this day. Randles yes i celebrating valentine's alone at my home in spokane and its o.k. for me ! asi'm alone all the time anyways and i'm a happy person all the time. Randles Feb 14, 2020, 2:27 PM Randles Happy Valentines Day To You Too. Feb 14, 2020, 5:55 PM Lina Jerry go to the emergency room again this afternoon. We have been waiting for the doctor. Happy Valentines Day ! My family is safe. They are far away from Wuhan. Thank you! 1 Feb 15, 2020, 12:47 PM Randles hello Lina... i'm happy your family and you are safe. jerry emergency room sad for you too. thank you for your valentines day wish for me. Randles Lina be careful with you money. i have a lady friend in 1991 got married to a man 65 yrs. old and she in 35 yrs old with kids from her first marrage... the man pass-a-way at 85 years and she 55 yrs. old at his death and married 20 years to him.... so the social security stop and retirement money stopped too... and social security told her.... you can not get half 1/2 your husband social security money un-tell you are 62 years old to get it.... why is this ? because young woman overseas and in the u.s. woman too... 18 to 30 yrs. old woman getting married to 70 to 80 yrs old man... thinking to get 1/2 husband social security money from her age of 30 to her death... maybe money for 50 years.... lina this is only info. for you.... you are a good woman lina and you told me you do not care for jerry money... you love him... i respect you very much for this... as you have a good hearted person.... like you and me it rare now days.... so i hope all will go good in the emergency room.... do not cry and hold your head up... you can talk to me anytime.... your friend for life.... Randles and happy day for you now and in the furture and again thanks for the valentines day wish ! Feb 15, 2020, 4:16 PM Lina I am very busy and tired. Talk to you later. thank you. Lina We are in the hospital and Jerry has still in hospital tonight Randles yes you are busy and tired too.... did not get sick yourself from working to hard and i hope jerry get better too... get some rest lina as you can.... tell me more about it if you want. is jerry a little sick or real sick ? hope you can handle it lina.... if you need help you are you need me to bring you food at the hospital let me know as you may not want to cook because you are tired and call anytime... 590-7*1-5**3 day or night your friend. Feb 20, 2020, 9:13 AM Lina Lina removed a message Jerry was discharged last Sunday afternoon. He has now recovering. Thank you. Mrs. Lina Rye & Randles Tompkins 2018 English to Chinese Translation Your English Language Teacher +你的英语老师+nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī Nanning Shi, Guangxi, China + 南宁市, 广西, 中国 + nánníngshì , guǎngxī , zhōngguó Favorite Quotes +有爱就有一切。 June 16, 2016 at 12:25pm I Did Not Know You Yet Lina But You Are At Chinese Drumming In Town 2016 Deer Park STA in 2016. However, there is a reference to Town-related Chinese cultural activities from that year. The Deer Park Chinese Association organized a dance group that practiced at the WSU Academic Center (SAC) starting from May 29, 2016. Hello to you 丽娜米 Lina Rye From Randles汤普金斯 or randlestāngpǔjīnsī You are my new friend 你是我的新朋友 6/17/18, 1:23 PM Randles so hello to you from fitness club hot tub 6/17/18, 9:22 PM You can now call each other and see information like Active Status and when you've read messages. Lina Hello 6/18/18, 11:57 AM Randles yes hello to you also.... nice day.... love to see your photo of you in china work unform. this is my navy photo age 24, 1980. 6/19/18, 1:58 PM Lina You was a navy and very handsome. I go to the gym right now and I hope to see you Lina 6/19/18, 6:05 PM Randles wow nice photo..... water and snow mt. in the back ground too...... the photo is from ? Randles Randles i'm out of town 2 days....me today lots of wild flowers.... back in town wed. morning... yes hope to see you too..... Your English Language Teacher..你的英语老师nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī 6/20/18, 8:40 PM Randles Lina This is a picture I took when I drove back from California last month on my way to spokane Lina You shot a lot of beautiful flowers. I went to the gym at 5 o'clock this afternoon. You are not there Lina Thank you, you are very nice to me. You are my good theacher Lina 6/21/18, 5:05 PM Randles i'm going to the gym now.... 5;20pm to 5;30 pm see you. you are fun to talk with too. 6/21/18, 6:57 PM Randles maybe we can plan to meet at same time... if you want too. 6/22/18, 12:21 PM Randles hello Lina today.... rainned last night. i will be at hot tub 6;15 pm friday... you are my friend. 6/22/18, 10:51 PM Lina 6/23/18, 11:06 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Randles June 23, 2018 at 11:09 AM I do not have messenger Lina Hello, this is Li Na’s husband. When you have time please call me 5*9 6*7 8**2. Thank you. 6/23/18, 4:33 PM Randles sorry i do know you ? you want to talk about is ? this is facebook 4 Lina Rye + 丽娜米i'm a English Teacher + 英语老师i'm randles and i work for men / woman civil rights in usa. Thank You. Randles Hello Li Na You may show this message to your husband... thanks ... i do not know him. 6/27/18, 8:05 PM Randles so hello to you... love to see the sport car pics of you..... thanks Lina 6/28/18, 8:36 PM Randles me and my kitty at Man ito Park... the park was officially established in April 1904 and has evolved from an undeveloped recreational area with a few flower beds, picnic spots, and a zoo to one of town primary showplaces. 6/29/18, 5:38 AM Lina Thank you for tell me about the history of the park. I will go to a friend's house in the morning and go to the gym in the afternoon. 6/29/18, 1:46 PM Randles very nice you like it your English Teacher. 6/29/18, 3:13 PM Lina I am going to the gym now 6/30/18, 5:20 PM Randles yes i'm going to gym at 7;00 pm tonight. 7/1/18, 1:13 PM Randles 7/2/18, 2:12 PM Lina My school is there 1 photoes Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 7/2/18, 7:14 PM Randles thanks 4 the pics.... yes i know the address now.... thank you. great photos too 7/3/18, 3:55 PM Randles hello Lina from your English Teacher.... remember you are not poor.... you are a good person..... you are a all american girl..... so happy 4th of July to you and your friends.... china is good too.... but you can also nice 4th of july. 7/4/18, 1:43 PM Lina My leg is swollen. I have not been to the gym for a few days. 7/5/18, 12:24 PM Randles hello hope your leg get better soon. Randles Swollen bug bites on your leg ? Randles Most bug bites that cause swelling however are localized and cause swelling more because of the body's attempt to isolate and deal with the foreign chemical without letting it spread. Most bug bites that swell are fairly safe, and unless the bite persists and gets worse, they should fade away and stop itching within 2-3 days. Randles Lina i hope this info. helps you.... your husband think it is ? 7/8/18, 4:00 PM Randles yes hi Lina hope you leg is getting better now ? Lina My leg is much better. I am taking a shower in the gym now. I will be at the gym after class tomorrow afternoon. Thank you Randles yes i happy you are better .... thank you Lina Randles you are so sweet to me. love to see more photos of you too. Lina You are a good teacher Randles yes thank you.... this is me today in the park. Lina I like to talking to you Randles yes i like talking to you too me at man ito park japanese garden in town Lina Wow you are very handsome Randles you are cute too Lina Randles Randles yes happy too Lina I am going take a shower Randles very nice..... have fun Lina See you tomorrow Randles hope too. i may go out of town 2 days 4 camping 7/9/18, 2:40 PM Randles hope you are better today.... you and your leg too 7/9/18, 5:03 PM Lina I am good and my leg is good too . 7/10/18, 6:44 PM Randles very nice you better. 7/11/18, 3:21 PM Randles are you going to hot tub today ? 7/11/18, 4:38 PM Lina I will go gym now Randles o.k. see you soon thank you. my newest photo 2 days ago Lina After twenty minutes Randles o.k. its good Lina Ok Randles in 20mins at gym 7/13/18, 1:57 PM Lina I am in the gym now 7/15/18, 1:08 PM Randles so hello today and hope all is well with you. .... i did not sell the sport car. 7/18/18, 8:36 PM Randles Lina Randles HELLO TODAY hope you are o.k. Lina I am good How are you Randles i'm good too.... working at home all day today. Lina I writing homework Randles very nice job. very hot lately. love to see more photos of you too. Lina I haven’t photos Randles older one from cc international Lina Randles nice.... hot tub next.... bye now Lina Good Lina How about the woman in the middle? She is beautiful Goodbye! I writing homework 7/20/18, 2:16 PM Randles yes she is nice looking. 7/25/18, 8:36 PM Randles so hello.... i'm camping 4 days this week 7/27/18, 5:44 PM Lina I went to the party this morning and just returned home. There was a traffic jam on the road. Lina I will go to the hot bath tonight. 9 o'clock tomorrow morning. My teacher led the students to pick up Hagbury. Welcome to join us. 7/27/18, 7:49 PM Lina 1 I am in the gym now. Lina I’m living the gym 7/31/18, 7:10 PM Randles yes hello to you.... very nice pics thank you.... very hot last days.... home how..... hot tub is over now. i last the gym at 6.45 pm today.... got to gym at 5;30 pm...... going out 4 taco now... or soon 7/31/18, 10:15 PM Lina I went to the gym after class today. I left the gym at four in the afternoon. Hope everything is fine with you! the weather is too hot for you See you soon Good bye 8/8/18, 2:40 PM Lina I am in the gym now Yesterday I want to the Luicetion City Lina Long time no see . Are you everything ok ？ I miss you 8/8/18, 7:23 PM Randles i'm good ... thank you.... i miss talking to you also.... out of town 10 days camping... thanks Randles hot tub soon.... maybe about 9.15 pm tonight. Lina It is to late for me. I doing my homework now . Randles yes its o.k..... to hot this week ? Lina enjoy your hot tub Randles nice photos of you too.... the big dog is at ? Lina I don't feel hot. Randles my home is cool.... but outside over a 100+ how your english class gone this year ? Lina Lewiston, Idaho Randles very nice Lina My English class ended on August 23. Randles yes i see.... i how help with englist too english Lina thank you for your help English Randles thing are good 4 you at home too ? Lina I don't understand this sentence. I am at home now. I am doing homework Randles how are you and your hasband doing this hot summer time. Lina I am taking an English class from Monday to Thursday. Jerry goes golfing on Wednesday and Thursday. Randles hope you are getting out to the park to see the flower etc. Lina You are very busy this summer. Randles camping a little.... i'm home again now. Lina Ok some day Randles you busy too. Lina I need to say good bye 。I am writing homework. Randles i want to take you Manito Park was officially established in April 1904 o.k. good bye now.... thanks for talking ! Lina see you next time. Thanks for talking to me Lina Randles thanks lina Lina Randles you are so nice to me all the time. 8/12/18, 3:40 PM Randles hot tub today ? i'm going at 5'15 pm sunday. 8/12/18, 6:47 PM Lina The leg on my left is very swollen. I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I need to rest for a few days. Enjoy hot tub. See you next time. 8/16/18, 2:33 PM Randles yes thanks.... your leg is bad again..... you are working out too much ? hope you get better soon. 8/22/18, 10:48 AM Lina Tomorrow school party and then finish the class My school is on holiday since Friday. Lina 8/22/18, 2:10 PM Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. 8/23/18, 2:44 PM Randles yes hope you are doing better now. Lina Thank you I’m in the gym now and I am going home Randles o.k. is the hot open now ? i can come see you if you want me too at the gym now Lina Ok . I am sitting in the hall. Randles o.k. it will take me ten mins. to get to you. Lina Ok See you soon 8/26/18, 2:15 PM Randles i got a new bike today. a very fast one Lina Wow. it is very beautiful Randles yes thank you... hot tub today ? Lina Not yet . Randles let me know... maybe i can go too. Lina Are you want to go? Randles yes i have the car info 4 you. Lina 4pm? Randles o.k. 4 pm is good 4 me Lina Ok See you soon Randles o.k. love to see pics of you in china Lina I will there before 4pm Randles o.k. thank you me friend Lina I will show you Randles thank you. I the park today Lina Anytime Randles see you 4 pm today Lina You are happy boy Ok Randles yes and you a happy girl Lina Where are you now? Randles at home now with my kitty Lina Are we going to the gym now? Randles 4 pm Lina Ok? Randles see at 4 pm is good Lina Ok See you at 4pm Randles you are so nice to me. Lina Randles Lina See you later Randles Lina Randles bye too 8/27/18, 8:09 PM Randles this photo is in town 2 years ago 8/28/18, 12:30 PM Lina Wow. look at the very cold in Spokane. I will go gym at the 1.30pm. Are you want to go? 8/28/18, 8:47 PM Randles not home today.... in town now... thanks 8/28/18, 10:24 PM Lina My professional photo 8/29/18, 2:09 PM Randles very nice one.... how are you today..... you want to help me with my tax ? 8/29/18, 3:17 PM Randles Li..... The meaning of the name Li is Pretty, Powerful. The origin of the name Li is Chinese. This is the culture in which the name originated, or in the case of a word, the language. If used for a female, this name means "pretty." For a male, "powerful." Lina I went to Shaoling's house this morning. We walked out from Shaoling's house. Her neighbor's dog jumped out of the fence and wanted to bite us. Jump first and want to bite Shaoling. Shaoling used a hat to drive it away. Then when it jumped up and bit me, I fell and shouted. Her neighbor came out to stop and apologize. Lina How can I help you with tax? Do you want to go to the gym today? What time you want to go? I can do it any time. 8/30/18, 2:53 PM Lina I’m in the gym now. 9/1/18, 1:00 PM Lina Hello there! I am at the gym now. Do you have time to come over? 我们可以出去玩一天。如果你有空闲时间。 We can go out for some day. If you have freetime. 9/1/18, 2:22 PM Randles yes hello today.... it is nice of you to have free time 4 me.... i'm going to the hottub today at 3pm saturday.... thanks 4 the birthday wishes too. 9/1/18, 3:48 PM Lina I am already home. Because today is the weekend no one is there Randles its o.k. hope you have a nice weekend too..... 9/3/18, 10:58 AM Lina I will go gym at 1:00pm Are you want to go ? 9/4/18, 5:49 PM Randles sorry thank you.... i'm at the gym up north spokane today..... thank you.... Lina Randles Lina Randles you o.k. i'm going to dinner soon. hope you are doing good my friend.... Lina My face is allergic without going to the gym today Thank you Goodbye Lina 9/5/18, 1:28 PM Randles hope you get better soon. 9/6/18, 7:53 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 9/7/18, 4:47 PM Randles i'm good today.... going to the fair next ! Lina I’m in the gym now Lina Lina Have fun. Randles thank you.... i left the hot tub already today. Lina We missed I am living now Randles sorry i missed you as you are fun to talk too. Lina I am leaving now Randles o.k. dinner time 4 you. Lina No only me here Randles ? you at gym now Lina Yes. I go take a shower. Randles very nice... i wash your back 4 you... Lina Thank you. No dinner for me. Randles you going home to eat.... i think Lina My friend had lunch at my house, I was too full. Randles very nice.... sound fun Lina I have lunch at three o'clock Randles yes i ate already too. Lina I am going to take a shower now Bye bey Randles thanks 4 talking bye 9/11/18, 3:23 PM Randles your daughter got married yesterday. She is currently studying for a Ph.D. in California.... i do not see you in the photos.... you did not go to her wedding ? Lina I did not go back to China, I did not attend her Chinese wedding. I have attended her church wedding in the United States. 9/12/18, 7:18 PM Randles very nice.... i'm thinking you said she in calif..... anyways she looking very nice in her chinese wedding.... i'm happy 4 her and you too. 9/13/18, 1:48 PM Lina Thank you. you are very nice man. Lina Lina 9/13/18, 5:48 PM Randles thanks and you are a very nice woman.... and i'm happy to help you with your english too.... Randles Randles me and my kitty 9/14/18, 4:28 PM Randles hot tub closed last night.... is it open today ? Lina I don't know, I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I want to ask you to have a buffet at noon next Tuesday. Do you have time? We meet at the gym in the morning and go to the pearl buffet together. ok?? 9/15/18, 4:08 PM Randles so hello... i do not know about tuesday yet.... my best days to go out are wed. thru saturday ! and pearl buffet is at ? 1 PEARLY China Buffet 8721 S. Lincoln Rd., Deer Park, WA 99208 Lina If you don't have time on Tuesday, we can change the time or cancel. No problem. Lina Thank you for helping me in teaching me English. I just want to say thank you. Randles how about any day wed. thur sat. ? 9/17/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you today ? 9/21/18, 1:52 PM Randles so happy birthday to your man jerry rye..... hope you both have a good and happy day ! Lina Thank you. we just ate lunch go home . Randles very nice.... birthday cake and ice cream next ? Lina We will eat ice cream cake at night. I want to go to the gym to lose weight now. I hope to see you in. Randles yes i see... gym now. so you at the gym now ? let me know time ? Lina I am living now. Randles o.k. see you in 30 mins. Lina See you at gym. Randles 9/21/18, 4:50 PM Randles yes hello today.... no pics to see.... gone o.k. the pics are back now... funny facebook 9/22/18, 12:29 PM Randles me downtown water falls and clock tower ! 9/22/18, 2:29 PM Lina We just got home from the valley fest. Have fun 9/23/18, 4:36 PM Randles very nice.... i did valley fest.... saturday very nice time too. p.s. i gave away 1.000 hawaiian lay to the kids. from the old show gun place. Lina You are a good man. I am cooking dinner. I will go to the gym after dinner. Randles very nice thank you ..... i buy the old showgun warehouse land in spokane 4 years... so i got 1.000 hawaiian lay.... old pics from inside old showgun... yes i clean it up ..... over 20 weeks to clean up.... thanks 4 your nice words to me. 9/23/18, 5:48 PM Lina I just finished my dinner. I will be at the gym before seven o'clock. Is it your old house? It is very clean. 9/24/18, 12:29 PM Randles yes hello thank you..... i'm your dog barking ..... bow wow..... come take me 4 a talk daily....lol Lina Thank you for the conversation last night. Say thank you for your good friend.I am in the class now. 9/24/18, 7:02 PM Randles you are welcome.... you talk about having a dog..... so i say.... bow wow..... come take me 4 a walk....lol Lina I like dogs, but I don't have a dog. Jerry likes cats because he doesn't have to go out. I am in the gym now. Randles i'm being funny.... i'm your dog now..... you can take me 4 a walk... bow wow.... lina Lina Today is the Mid-Autumn Festival. In China Randles 4 you Lina Hahaha, you are fany. I like your humor. Randles thank you. Lina Thank you so much. Randles you are a fun woman to talk with too. Lina I am not very talkative. I am a relatively boring person. Randles i think you are fun 4 me..... and you are cute too. Lina I'm going to take a shower. Goodbye Randles o.k. bye now.... thanks 4 talking to me. Lina Randles bye now..... you are not relatively boring person to me..... i love talking to you and see the photos from you. to help you with your english. 9/25/18, 6:04 PM Lina No I am at home. Are you want to go eat lunch Tomorrow ? Randles yes sound nice Timber Creek Grill Buffet maybe in valley ? Lina Ok see you at gym . Randles time ? Lina Before 12:30 Randles o.k. you want me at the gym like 11 am ? or 11.30 or noon ? Lina you decide 11:30am ok Randles o.k. gym at 11;30 am.... very nice.... hope you are well today ? Lina Ok Thank you. see you tomorrow morning. Randles nice.... looking at a map of your home town.... wow population of 6,913,800 Lina Yes very big City. Randles nice... town population is 220,000 only Lina Deer Park small town and country . Randles yes it is.... i'm born in town 1960 Lina You are country men A Mae Randles country man.... but live in the city boy ! lol Lina No.look like country man Lina Randles thank you lina Lina lol you are welcome Randles you do not look like a relatively boring person .... as you think you are ! Lina I am not a smart woman. I am a stupid person. Randles very sad..... you are a smart woman to me. Lina Ok say good bye see you tomorrow. Randles bye in china you are very smart.... you are only slow in usa.... as you learn english better ! Lina Good night have a nice day dream Lina Randles yes you too.... sweet dreams always. Randles Lina I went to the hospital this afternoon and I will injected my leg on Thursday afternoon. So tomorrow I will not go out with you after class. Thank you for helping me learn English. Thank you again 10/4/18, 1:24 PM Randles yes hello... hope you are o.k. too.... thank you 4 lunch the other day too.... i hope you enjoyed yourself... with all the english names animals... pics 4 you to show your english friends in china or overseas etc. 10/10/18, 6:04 PM Lina Hi I am in the gym now Randles yes hello.... hope you are good ? Lina Randles i left gym 20 mins ago Randles you are still my close friend.... your english teacher ! i'm still here 4 you. Lina Thank you very much I am going swimming now. Lina Randles o.k. have fun. 10/15/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you and your legs ? 10/24/18, 9:37 PM Lina thank you. My leg are much better now. After class I will go to the gym tomorrow. Are you going to the gym tomorrow? Are you everything ok? 10/31/18, 3:58 PM Lina Wow you are very luck and happy. long time no see. Are you all right? 11/6/18, 1:44 PM Randles i'm o.k..... you not talking to much to me.... nice photo thank you. 11/6/18, 6:18 PM Randles i do not know best time to meet you at hot tub... 11/10/18, 3:26 PM Randles i made it home o.k.... it started snow wow... i parked the car 4 winter now. hope all is well with you too.... your english teacher in 2018 11/13/18, 6:52 PM Lina I go to school and gym every day. Secondary rehabilitation training every week. When winter comes, you have to take care. 11/21/18, 5:18 PM Randles happy thanksgiving dinner to you. hope you have a good day too. 11/22/18, 11:48 AM Lina Happy thanksgiving 感恩节快乐 11/24/18, 2:15 PM Randles 谢谢 - 丽娜是个很好的朋友。 12/11/18, 11:35 AM Randles hope you are o.k. Lina I am going to the gym now. I want to see you at gym. I am okay thank you 12/11/18, 3:48 PM Randles i'm not in town today..... sorry.. yesi love to see and talk to you also... your friend ! 12/11/18, 8:52 PM Lina Hope everything is fine with you! I am at the gym every day. Merry Christmas 12/12/18, 5:09 PM Randles very nice... i left the gym about 30 mins ago today 12/18/18, 3:07 PM Randles i love to show you very nice x-mas lights in spokane... if you like to see ? you can drive too.... let me know ? like 4pm to 6pm at night. 12/24/18, 11:43 AM Lina Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! Lina 12/27/18, 11:35 AM Randles yes thank you.... Merry Christmas and Happy New Year and Chinese New Year also Tuesday, February 5 2019.... sorry you missed the lights. hope all is well with you too. 12/28/18, 7:12 PM Lina Today is my birthday We went to the airport casino to have a buffet. Wish you a Happy New Year Lina 12/30/18, 2:27 PM Randles yes happy birthday to you also... very nice day 4 you. this is a fireplace.... wow new years years too. Jan 3, 2019, 11:31 AM Randles Jan 3, 2019, 9:55 PM Lina China's night scene is very beautiful. Deer Park is like a big countryside Jan 4, 2019, 1:09 PM Randles yes very nice one Jan 31, 2019, 4:09 PM Randles so hello and happy end of Jan 31 2019 Randles May 21, 2019, 8:22 PM Randles hello to you... hope all is well with you too. posted my new pics today wild flowers etc. Lina You are very handsome. I am in Los Angeles now. I will go back in town next month. Jun 12, 2019, 7:40 PM Randles you are sweet too.... love to see some pics of you in LA. hope all is well with you too. you go to china to in march ? i miss talking and helping you with you english too.... Happy New Year 2020 Wishes Lina from Me. Randles As new year is celebrated on the very first day of every year and there is a national holiday on this particular occasion in some countries. Everyone take the advantage of that holiday and celebrate this day with their loved ones. Every community in this world or every single religion present on this earth celebrate Happy new year with full of fun and excitement. Start the first day of a New year with happiness by sharing your feelings with the other person who is very close to your heart through these amazing Happy new year wishes. As wishes are very important you can express your care, love by wishing that person. Randles Jan 1, 2020, 11:44 AM Lina Happy New year In 2020, all dreams come true. something or someone has made an extremely favourable impression of you. Lina I am at my friend’s house now About 2:30pm, I will be here. Randles can i meet you today at ? gym 2;30 pm ? Lina Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Why are you scared Lina? After Shirlee Fen fin told me something about you, it scared me. So she told you ? Lina i have no answer for you... o.k. but i never talk to Shirlee in-person... we only sent text to each other in China... So you are still scared ? No Answers from Lina ever. Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen fin or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Randles Min-hun Ceremonial Marriage Mín-hūn, also known as a ghost marriage or spirit marriage, is a traditional Chinese custom where one or both parties in a marriage are deceased. This practice, which dates back to the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), is rooted in beliefs about ancestor worship and the afterlife, where it is thought that an unmarried person's spirit may feel lonely and cause harm if not properly paired. The primary purpose is to ensure the deceased's contentment in the afterlife and prevent them from haunting the living. The ceremony, known as míng hūn (冥婚), involves rituals similar to a living marriage, including the use of a matchmaker, the negotiation of dowry (often in the form of paper tributes offered to the dead), and a formal banquet. The deceased can be represented by a spirit tablet, a paper effigy, or, in some cases, their actual corpse. A crucial part of the ritual, especially in historical and rural practices, is the reburial of the deceased bride's remains within the groom's grave to symbolize their union. While the practice is illegal and very rare in modern China, it persists in some rural areas, particularly in northern China. The tradition has been linked to a black market for female corpses, driven by a significant gender imbalance and the demand for brides, both living and dead. Cases have been reported where families have dug up graves to sell a deceased daughter's body for a ghost marriage, sometimes leading to further exploitation when the body is resold. The practice has also been associated with criminal activities, including murder, to obtain corpses for sale. The custom is not limited to China; similar traditions exist in other cultures, such as in Sudan, India, and parts of Europe, though the specific rituals and beliefs vary. In Taiwan, the tradition differs, with a deceased woman typically being married to a living man, and the man being free to remarry. Lina I feel you and me are close friends over 10 years now. Both of are chakras mind body and soul are together now in life. This refers to energy are centers in the body that are believed to influence physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. These chakras are positioned along the spine, from the base to the crown of the head, and each has its own unique characteristics, including color, element, and psychological themes. The idea of East meet West and our chakras becoming "one" is often associated with the concept of spiritual awakening or enlightenment, where the energy centers are in perfect harmony, allowing for a deeper connection to the self and the universe. In summary Lina, You and Me and Are seven chakras are energy centers in the body that, when balanced, contribute to a state of harmony and well-being. The concept of the chakras becoming "one" is a metaphor for achieving a balanced and harmonious state of being, which is often associated with spiritual growth and enlightenment as you and me are close friends over 10 years now.. In Chinese traditions, the focus is often on the balance of yin and yang, and the flow of qi through meridians. Practices such as tai chi and qigong are designed to cultivate and balance this energy, leading to a state of physical and spiritual harmony. While the term "chakra" is not commonly used in traditional Chinese philosophy, there are analogous concepts such as meridians and energy centers that are central to practices like acupuncture and qigong. These systems focus on the flow of vital energy, or "qi," through the body. The idea of "body and flesh becoming one" is more aligned with the goals of certain meditative and energy practices, where the practitioner aims to harmonize the physical and energetic aspects of the body. Hi Randles, Thank you for your message to me. I’m sorry, but my English is not very good, and I couldn’t fully understand everything you wrote there were too many ellipses, and some parts were unclear to me. So please allow me to respond simply by expressing my own thoughts. We met at the gym nearly ten years ago. At that time, I truly was alone I didn’t know anyone, and I had no friends in the community. I went to the gym twice a day just to pass the time. I started talking with you because I wanted to learn English. You were always patient and polite, and I sincerely appreciated that. I saw you as an English teacher, and I tried to learn from you with respect. To this day, my English is still limited, and I don’t feel comfortable speaking on the phone in English. I have difficulty expressing myself clearly. But please understand I am not weak or helpless. I used to be a professional basketball player. I don’t share my struggles easily with anyone, and I have never asked anyone including Jerry for help. Life is not always easy. We all have our challenges and make our own choices. I’m focused on my own life now, and I hope you will do the same. I truly wish you good health and peace. Thank you again for the help you gave me with English. As we say in Chinese: “Once a teacher, always a teacher.” Take care, Lina p.s. don't forget to put me in your will... before you die... lol July 4th 2025 !

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1003th Video... A True History Of China: A Century Of Revolution. Know One In China Can See Or Watch This Best Video Ever... Its Been Banned In Over 1/3 Of The World Today. This Is One Of The Best True Documentary On China Ever Made. Anyone Interested In 20th Century Chinese History Should Watch This To Understand Today’s China. This one is often overlooked in documentaries, this narrator has the absolutely perfect voice. One of the best documentaries I have ever watched, it's amazing how far back the archival footage goes! And the people they managed to interview - I was left speechless. this is 10 out of 10 Wow ! The talking heads are riveting. Some of the major players were still alive, but what's really striking is the testimony from just-folks who lived through such tumultuous times. This is a really great documentary. Seems to be well-researched and neutral in tone. Lots of amazing interviews from the folks that were There, and a lot of archival footage I have never seen anywhere before. Excellent Documentary here done on China. Thank you for your awesome Video you put on here. Very informative.. I love Documentaries. And Historical Films on different Countries. I am a new fan here. Please keep those Awesome Documentary Films a coming to watch & listen to. I love them. In 1986 Ambrica Productions Began China: A Century Of Revolution, A Series Of Three Feature-Length Documentaries That Explore The Turbulent History Of 20th Century China. The Dixie Mission, officially known as the United States Army Observation Group, was the first U.S. effort to establish relations and gather intelligence from the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and its People's Liberation Army, headquartered in Yan'an, Shaanxi Province, during World War II. The first contingent of nine Americans arrived in Yan'an on 22 July 1944 and The group was greeted by senior CCP leaders, including Zhou Enlai, who met them at the airstrip, and Mao Zedong, who welcomed them to the Communist stronghold. The first film, China in Revolution, describes the epic upheaval that began in China with the fall of the last emperor in 1911. Over the next four decades, the Chinese people were caught up in struggles with warlords, foreign invasion and a bitter rivalry between the Chinese Communist Party and the Nationalist Party. The film highlights the two figures who came to shape events, Chang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong. First they worked as allies to unite the country and then they fought a bloody civil war that was won by the Communists in 1949. The trilogy continues with The Mao Years, a look at the next period of modern China’s history: Mao Zedong’s rule, from 1949 to his death in 1976. The film begins with the celebrations marking the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, a moment of great hope for millions of Chinese. But the quarter-century of Mao’s rule was as turbulent as the decades which preceded it. Interludes of relative calm and increased prosperity were interrupted repeatedly by violent campaigns, purges, and a famine in which killed more than 30 million people. It culminated in Mao’s colossal and tragic experiment, the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. When Mao died in 1976, people were exhausted by the turmoil and longed for stability. What happened next could never have been anticipated and forms the story line for the final film of the trilogy; Born Under The Red Flag examines China’s remarkable transformation after Mao’s death. In just 15 years, under Deng Xiaoping’s leadership, China raced forward at an astonishing pace to become a never-before-seen hybrid of communism and capitalism. The world’s most populous nation has reinvented itself, changing from a relatively undeveloped and isolated nation into an economic giant and a major international power. For many Chinese, this transformation has brought unprecedented prosperity, but it has also raised troubling questions of national identity and social inequality. The mission, led by Colonel David D. Barrett, included a mix of military personnel, diplomats, and intelligence officers from the State Department, Army, Navy, Office of Strategic Services (OSS), and Office of War Information (OWI). The Dixie Mission operated until 11 March 1947, but relations deteriorated after World War II ended, as the U.S. government shifted towards a more anti-Communist stance and the Chinese Civil War intensified. Chinese Civil War and Millions American Guns Used By Both Sides Nationalists Chiang Kai-shek’s (1887-1975.) and Communists Mao Zedong (1893-1976.) After Sun Yat-sen's death in 1925, Chiang succeeded him as leader of the Kuomintang and led the Northern Expedition to unify China, establishing the Nationalist government in Nanjing in 1928. He served as head of state of the Republic of China until 1949, when he retreated to Taiwan following his defeat in the Chinese Civil War, where he continued to lead the government-in-exile until his death on April 5, 1975, in Taipei, Taiwan. The Chinese Civil War intensified significantly after the end of World War II, with substantial U.S. military aid to the Nationalist government (KMT) playing a crucial role in escalating the conflict. The United States provided extensive support, including the transportation of over 500,000 KMT troops to key areas in North and Central China, and supplied vast quantities of weapons such as rifles, machine guns, tanks, and artillery, which were used in the civil war. This aid, amounting to four billion dollars in gold, was provided in exchange for strategic rights and was a major factor in the conflict's escalation. The U.S. supplied the Nationalists with millions a wide range of American-made weapons, including the M1 carbine, the P-17 rifle, the Johnson M1941 semi-automatic rifle, and the M3 "Grease Gun" sub-machine gun. These weapons were used by CCP & KMT forces throughout the conflict, with roughly 30% of their small arms being of U.S. origin. The presence of U.S. military forces, including 53,000 Marines stationed in ports like Tientsin and Tsingtao, and the U.S. Seventh Fleet, was seen by the Chinese Communists (CCP) as direct intervention in China's internal affairs, fueling their propaganda and opposition. The CCP viewed the U.S. military presence as a key factor in the war's escalation. The U.S. aid, which included not just weapons but also uniforms, medical supplies, and communication equipment, was instrumental in enabling the KMT to maintain its military strength, although much of this equipment was eventually captured by the Communists. The CCP's propaganda campaign against U.S. intervention intensified after the U.S. Marines landed in Qingdao in 1945, which foiled the CCP's attempt to seize the city and allowed the KMT to hold it until 1949. The CCP's opposition to the U.S. presence was a significant element in their political strategy. The Chinese Civil War, fought primarily between the Nationalists (Kuomintang, KMT) under Chiang Kai-shek and the Communists under Mao Zedong, was a prolonged conflict that resumed in earnest after World War II and culminated in the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The war is generally considered to have spanned from 1945 to 1949, although it had roots in earlier conflicts dating back to 1927. The conflict was marked by a brief interlude during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–45), when the KMT and CCP formed a Second United Front to resist Japanese invasion, though hostilities between the two sides remained common. The United States provided significant support to the Nationalist government during the post-World War II phase of the civil war. This included using U.S. military transportation to move Nationalist troops into key cities and railway lines in eastern and northern China following Japan's surrender in 1945. The U.S. also dispatched General George C. Marshall in December 1945 to mediate peace talks between the KMT and CCP, although these efforts ultimately failed to prevent the resumption of full-scale warfare. Despite this support, the Nationalist government faced challenges due to widespread corruption and mismanagement, which eroded its popular support. The Communist forces, in contrast, gained strength through grassroots support, effective land reform, and superior military organization, and they seized large quantities of weapons from Japanese supplies in Manchuria. While the U.S. provided military aid and transportation to Nationalist forces, the context does not state that American weapons were supplied to the Communist forces. The Communist forces' military strength was built on their own organization, popular support, and that the millions weapons they captured from Japanese forces and U.S.A. Backed Nationalist troops. The context does provide information on the specific number of American guns used by either side, yes we have confirm the use of American arms by the Communists. Why Do The Peoples Of The World Hate China ? Fentanyl ? California Black Reparations ? Really ? A True History How British Opium Destroyed China's Greatest Empire Of The World For 2000 Years And Our True Mandate Of Heaven. The Opium Wars Under the East India Company, Our ancestors were pushed to grow opium instead of food. I carry the memory of a time when our fields were taken from us not by force, but by control. Hunger grew at home while profits sailed away. The wealth it brought built empires, not our villages. “It’s haunting to realize an empire that survived wars and rebellions was ultimately undone by something as small as a puff of smoke. History whispers louder than cannons sometimes.” A True History Of How British Empire Opium Destroyed China's Greatest Empire Mandate Of Heaven - https://rumble.com/v6xl04u-a-true-history-of-how-british-empire-opium-destroyed-chinas-greatest-empire.html It's wild how empires don’t always collapse with gunfire sometimes, they dissolve in silence, puff by puff. So opium went there to China, and now fentanyl comes here to American. This story isn't just about the Qing Dynasty. It's about how human weakness, greed, and misplaced pride can unravel even the most powerful systems. The fact that a foreign substance could unravel centuries of culture and power is chilling. Was it weakness or calculated sabotage? This reminds me how economic control often starts with dependency. How many modern empires are built on something just as fragile? It wasn’t an army that brought the empire to its knees it was a flower turned weapon. How do you fight a war… when the battlefield is inside your mind? Could you have seen it coming? British literally turned 'Plant Trafficking' into an empire-ending superweapon. That’s not history, that’s a villain origin story!” Thank you for this video, it was really fascinating. It’s discussing that Britain led the world in this trade, and went to war to make sure it was continued. I'm English but if I was Chinese I don’t think I would forgive or forget what was done to my country and its people, all in the pursuit of money. I hope my government has apologized at some point. I’m still stunned by the description of foreign merchants making a fortune while entire villages collapsed into drug addiction. And how some of that wealth funded universities and public works in the West? It’s so morally complex that it’s painful to think about. Should we view historical prosperity differently when it comes with such a huge hidden cost? Now i understand the Chinese attitude towards the west and generally why they are so strict on narcotics. I can’t stop thinking, did the people at the time realize it was the beginning of the end, or did it just feel like another bad year? Imagine losing control of one‑third of the world’s wealth… not because of a warship, but because of a pipe. This story feels like a warning for our own time. Mandate of Heaven The Mandate of Heaven (Tianming) is an ancient Chinese political and philosophical concept that served as the foundation for the legitimacy of rulers, particularly emperors, throughout much of Chinese history. Signs of losing the mandate included natural disasters like droughts, famines, floods, and earthquakes, as well as social unrest, peasant uprisings, and foreign invasions, all interpreted as Heaven's displeasure. This concept also provided a theoretical justification for rebellion against an unjust ruler, allowing for dynastic change. The idea persisted through imperial China, influencing political thought until the end of imperial rule in 1911, and continues to be referenced in modern discussions about political legitimacy in China. Opium's Impact on China The Opium Wars, fought between the Qing Dynasty and Western powers in the mid-19th century, were pivotal events that severely weakened China's imperial system and are often seen as the beginning of the end for the Qing Dynasty. The conflict stemmed from a trade imbalance where China exported valuable goods like tea, silk, and porcelain, but Britain had few goods China desired, leading to a massive outflow of silver. To counter this, the British East India Company began smuggling Indian opium into China, which became a highly profitable enterprise. Despite Qing prohibitions on opium dating back to 1729, the addictive nature of the drug led to a massive increase in consumption; by the 1830s, an estimated 10–12 million Chinese were addicted. This addiction drained the empire's silver reserves and caused widespread social and economic disruption. In response, the Daoguang Emperor appointed the hardline official Lin Zexu to suppress the opium trade in 1839. Lin confiscated and destroyed over 20,000 chests of opium (approximately 1,300 tonnes or 2.9 million pounds) in a public ceremony at Humen. This action, while a powerful symbol of resistance, provoked the British government, which saw the destruction of private property as an affront to free trade and demanded compensation. The British government responded by sending a naval expedition, marking the start of the First Opium War. The superior military technology of the British Royal Navy led to decisive victories, culminating in the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. This "Unequal Treaty" forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, open five treaty ports to foreign trade, pay substantial reparations, and grant extraterritorial rights to British citizens. The Second Opium War (1856–1860) further devastated the Qing Dynasty. It was triggered by the seizure of the British-registered ship Arrow and the execution of a French missionary, leading to a coalition of British and French forces. The war resulted in the Treaty of Tientsin (Tianjin), which legalized the opium trade, opened more ports, allowed foreign diplomats to reside in Beijing, and granted missionaries the right to travel and operate freely within China. The war's climax was the burning of the Summer Palace by Anglo-French forces in 1860, a symbolic act of imperial humiliation. These conflicts, along with the massive indemnities and the loss of sovereignty, severely weakened the Qing government's authority and legitimacy. The wars also coincided with internal rebellions, most notably the Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), which killed an estimated 20 million people and further strained the state's resources. The cumulative effect of the Opium Wars, the resulting "Century of Humiliation," and internal strife ultimately contributed to the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. Britain Empire The British Empire was a worldwide system of dependencies, including colonies, protectorates, and other territories, brought under the sovereignty of the crown of Great Britain and the administration of the British government over a span of some three centuries, beginning in the 16th century and lasting until the end of the 20th century. Its foundations were laid with the establishment of overseas settlements in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, such as the failed Roanoke Colony in 1585 and the successful Jamestown settlement in 1607. The empire's growth was driven by maritime expansion, commercial ambitions, and competition with other European powers like France and the Netherlands. Key events included the conquest of Mughal Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which secured British dominance in India, and the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which made Britain dominant in Canada after the Seven Years' War. At its height in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the British Empire became the largest empire in history and the foremost global power for over a century. By 1920, it covered 35.5 million km² (13.7 million sq mi), approximately 24% of the Earth's total land area, and held sway over 412 million people, representing 23% of the world's population at the time. This vast reach led to the description of the empire as "the empire on which the sun never sets," as the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories. The period of relative peace and dominance from 1815 to 1914 was later termed Pax Britannica. The empire's decline began after the First World War, accelerated by the Second World War, and was marked by the independence of India in 1947 and the Suez Crisis of 1956. The last significant colony, Hong Kong, was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, symbolizing the end of the empire for many. The British Empire no longer exists, but its legacy persists through the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of sovereign states comprising the United Kingdom and many of its former dependencies, which acknowledge the British monarch as a symbolic head. British Opium War China The narrative of the British Empire's opium trade leading to the decline of China's Qing dynasty and the erosion of its Mandate of Heaven is a complex historical interpretation, often framed by the events of the Opium Wars. The First Opium War (1839–1842) was triggered when the Qing government, under Emperor Daoguang, tasked Commissioner Lin Zexu with enforcing a ban on opium, which had become rampant due to British and American smuggling. Lin confiscated and publicly destroyed over 1,420 tonnes of opium in 1839, a decisive act that provoked the British government. The British, motivated by the immense profits from the opium trade Britain's single most profitable commodity of the 19th century and the need to protect their merchants' interests, responded by sending a naval expedition. The conflict was not solely about opium; it also involved disputes over trade rights, diplomatic equality, and the principle of free trade. The war highlighted the technological and military superiority of the British Royal Navy, which used steam-powered ships and advanced weaponry to inflict a series of decisive defeats on the Qing forces, who relied on antiquated weapons and ships. The war concluded with the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, the first of the "Unequal Treaties," which forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, open five treaty ports to foreign trade, pay a large indemnity, and grant extraterritorial rights to British citizens. This treaty, and the subsequent Second Opium War (1856–1860), which resulted in the legalization of the opium trade and further concessions, are seen by many Chinese historians as the beginning of a "Century of Humiliation," a period during which foreign powers undermined Chinese sovereignty and authority. While the opium trade was a central catalyst, the decline of the Qing dynasty was influenced by a confluence of factors, including internal corruption, population pressures, and the devastating Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), which claimed an estimated 20 million lives. The term "Mandate of Heaven," a traditional Chinese philosophical concept justifying the emperor's rule, was increasingly questioned as the Qing government failed to protect the nation from foreign aggression and internal collapse. The Opium Wars are thus often viewed as a pivotal moment that shattered the Qing's legitimacy in the eyes of its people and marked the beginning of the end for imperial China, paving the way for the eventual fall of the dynasty in 1912. The legacy of these conflicts continues to influence modern Chinese nationalism and foreign policy, with leaders like Xi Jinping invoking the "Century of Humiliation" to promote a vision of national rejuvenation. The Opium Wars in the mid-19th century were a critical juncture in modern Chinese history. The first Opium War was fought between China and Great Britain from 1839 to 1842. In the second Opium War, from 1856 to 1860, a weakened China fought both Great Britain and France. China lost both wars. The terms of its defeat were a bitter pill to swallow: China had to cede the territory of Hong Kong to British control, open treaty ports to trade with foreigners, and grant special rights to foreigners operating within the treaty ports. In addition, the Chinese government had to stand by as the British increased their opium sales to people in China. The British did this in the name of free trade and without regard to the consequences for the Chinese government and Chinese people. The lesson that Chinese students learn today about the Opium Wars is that China should never again let itself become weak, ‘backward,’ and vulnerable to other countries. As one British historian says, “If you talk to many Chinese about the Opium War, a phrase you will quickly hear is ‘luo hou jiu yao ai da,’ which literally means that if you are backward, you will take a beating.” In 1839, the British imposed on China their version of free trade and insisted on the legal right of their citizens (that is, British citizens) to do what they wanted, wherever they wanted. Chinese critics point out that while the British made lofty arguments about the ‘principle’ of free trade and individual rights, they were in fact pushing a product (opium) that was illegal in their own country. There are different viewpoints on what was the main underlying factor in Britain’s involvement in the Opium Wars. Some in the west claim that the Opium Wars were about upholding the principle of free trade. Others, however, say that Great Britain was acting more in the interest of protecting its international reputation while it was facing challenges in other parts of the world, such as the Near East, India, and Latin America. Some American historians have argued that these conflicts were not so much about opium as they were about western powers’ desire to expand commercial relations more broadly and to do away with the Canton trading system. Finally, some western historians say the war was fought at least partly to keep China’s balance of trade in a deficit, and that opium was an effective way to do that, even though it had very negative impacts on Chinese society. It is important to point out that not everyone in Britain supported the opium trade in China. In fact, members of the British public and media, as well as the American public and media, expressed outrage over their countries’ support for the opium trade. From China’s historical perspective, the first Opium War was the beginning of the end of late Imperial China, a powerful dynastic system and advanced civilization that had lasted thousands of years. The war was also the first salvo in what is now referred to in China as the “century of humiliation.” This humiliation took many forms. China’s defeat in both wars was a sign that the Chinese state’s legitimacy and ability to project power were weakening. The Opium Wars further contributed to this weakening. The unequal treaties that western powers imposed on China undermined the ways China had conducted relations with other countries and its trade in tea. The continuation of the opium trade, moreover, added to the cost to China in both silver and in the serious social consequences of opium addiction. Furthermore, the many rebellions that broke out within China after the first Opium War made it increasingly difficult for the Chinese government to pay its tax and huge indemnity obligations. Present-day Chinese historians see the Opium Wars as a wars of aggression that led to the hard lesson that “if you are ‘backward,’ you will take a beating.” These lessons shaped the rationale for the Chinese Revolution against imperialism and feudalism that emerged, and then succeeded, decades later. 1839-1842: First Opium (First Anglo-Chinese) War. Treaty of Nanking signed (1842) ending the First Opium War. China to pay large indemnity and extraterritoriality and most favored nation principle established in China 1856-1860: The Second Opium (Anglo-Chinese)War. Convention of Peking signed ending the war, opening eleven more Chinese cities to foreign trade, freedom of religion now allowed in China, legalized opium, Britain, France, Russia and U.S. est. diplomatic legations in Peking, foreign commercial vessels allowed on Yangtze and the right of foreigners to travel throughout China. 1850-1864: Taiping Rebellion-most deadliest civil rebellion to date. Approximately 20 million killed. 1861: Tongzhi reign. Rise of power of Empress Dowager Cixi. 1882: Chinese Exclusion Act passed in the United States severely limiting immigration. 1884-1885: China defeated in war with France. Establishment of French Indo-China. 1894-1895: Sino-Japanese War. China defeated. Treaty of Shimonoseki signed. 1895-1900: Establishment of concessions in Shanghai and other coastal cities. 1900: Boxer Siege (Boxer Rebellion) of Beijing; lifted by eight allied armies. A year later Boxer Protocol signed. 1905: Sun Yat-sen establishes the Revolutionary Alliance, precursor to GMD (Guómindӑng-Nationalist Party). Abolition of the civil service examination. 1911: The First People’s Republic of China Proclaimed, fall of the Manchu Qing Dynasty (founded in 1644.) 1912: Sun inaugurated as first president of Republic of China (ROC). He abdicates. 1914: World War I begins. China is allied with United States and Great Britain. 1915: Yuan Shikai (Sun’s successor as President) negotiates Japan’s Twenty-one Demands. 1915: New Youth magazine launched, New Culture movement begins . 1916-1926: Warlord period. 1919: Treaty of Versailles signed – Shandong in dispute. 1919: May 4th Movement (student-led anti-Japanese, anti-warlord, multi-class movement) Sparked in protest to China’s treatment at Versailles. 1921: Founding of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shanghai. 1926-1927: First United Front alliance between Nationalists and CCP. 1924: Johnson-Reed Immigration Act excluding all immigration from Asia. 1925: Sun Yat-sen dies; May 30th Movement begins (multi-class, anti-imperialist struggle.) 1926-1927: Northern Expedition (anti-warlord military campaign) begins. Led by General Chiang Kai-shek reunifies China under Nationalist government. 1927: Nationalists launch anti-communist purge. Nanjing Decade begins. 1931: Japanese expansion in Manchuria (Mukden Incident.) 1934: Chiang Kai-shek’s New Life Movement begins. 1934: Long March Communist headquarters in Yenan under leadership of Mao Zedong (1893-1976.) 1936: Xian Incident (Chiang Kai-shek kidnapped until he agrees to ally with CCP.) July 7, 1937: Marco Polo Bridge Incident in China initiates invasion of mainland China. Battle of Shanghai follows from mid August-November followed by the occupation of Beijing and the then capital city, Nanjing. December 13, 1937: Nanjing occupied. Height of mass violence lasts until February 1938. Nanjing remains an occupied city throughout World War II in China. On December 13, 1937, Japanese forces captured Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, following the Battle of Nanking. This event marked the beginning of the Nanjing Massacre, also known as the Rape of Nanjing, a period of mass murder, rape, looting, and arson committed by soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army. The atrocities began immediately after the city's capture and continued for several weeks, with widespread killings of Chinese civilians and surrendered soldiers, systematic rape of women and girls, and the destruction of a significant portion of the city. The massacre is considered one of the worst wartime atrocities in history. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East estimated approximately 20,000 cases of rape during the first month of the occupation. Other sources provide a broader range, with estimates for the number of women raped ranging from 20,000 to as many as 80,000. These figures include women of all ages, from young girls to elderly women, and describe systematic, often gang, rapes followed by mutilation and murder. 1937-1945: Span of World War II in mainland Asia. World War II in Asia The period from 1937 to 1945 constitutes the span of World War II in mainland Asia, primarily defined by the Second Sino-Japanese War, which began with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937, when a clash between Japanese and Chinese troops escalated into a full-scale invasion of China. This conflict was a major theater of the broader Pacific War and marked the beginning of World War II in Asia for many historians. Japan's invasion led to widespread atrocities, including the Nanking Massacre, where approximately 300,000 to 500,000 civilians were killed. The war in Asia intensified after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, which brought the United States into the conflict and merged the China-Burma-India Theater with the wider Pacific War. The war in Asia concluded with Japan's surrender on August 15, 1945, following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Soviet Union's invasion of Manchuria. The conflict resulted in extensive casualties, with estimates suggesting between 10 and 25 million Chinese civilians and over 4 million military personnel died from war-related violence, famine, and other causes. 1938: Chiang Kai-shek moves capital to Chungking in early 1938. 1939: Outbreak of World War II in Europe. The Flying Tigers, officially known as the First American Volunteer Group (AVG), were a unit of American pilots recruited by retired U.S. Army Captain Claire L. Chennault to fight against Japanese forces in China and Burma during 1941–1942. Formed to assist the Republic of China Air Force in its resistance against the Japanese invasion, the group operated under a secret agreement authorized by President Franklin D. Roosevelt before the U.S. entered World War II. The group achieved a remarkable combat record, officially credited with destroying 296 enemy aircraft while losing only 14 pilots in combat. They played a crucial role in protecting the vital Burma Road supply route, providing air cover for the Chinese capital of Chungking, and defending key areas in southwestern China. On July 4, 1942, the AVG was disbanded and its members were absorbed into the U.S. Army Air Forces, becoming the nucleus of the China Air Task Force, which was later reorganized into the 14th Air Force under Chennault’s command. 1941: U.S. enters war after Imperial Army attack on Pearl Harbor-December 7th. 1945: Soviet Union enters war against Japan (August 9th) invading Manchuria. First atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (August 7th) and Nagasaki (August 9th.) Japan surrenders August 15, 1945. End of World War II in Asia. 1946: International Military Tribunal for the Far East, or the Tokyo Trials begins. The United States occupies Japan under provisions of surrender. Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal also begins. 1945-1949: Civil War between Nationalists and Communists Chinese Civil War 1945-1949 The Chinese Civil War, primarily fought between the Nationalists (Kuomintang, KMT) under Chiang Kai-shek and the Communists (Chinese Communist Party, CCP) under Mao Zedong from 1945 to 1949, resulted in millions of casualties. This period followed the end of World War II and the collapse of the Second United Front, which had united the two parties against the Japanese invasion. Although a brief ceasefire and peace talks occurred in 1945, hostilities resumed as both sides competed for control of key cities and resources in northern China and Manchuria. The conflict intensified after the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Manchuria, triggering a scramble for territory. The war culminated in the Communist victory, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949, and the retreat of the Nationalist government and approximately two million troops and civilians to the island of Taiwan. The Nationalist forces, having lost control of mainland China, established a government on Taiwan, which they claimed was the legitimate government of all China. The war inflicted massive suffering on China's civilian population, with estimates suggesting up to 2.5 million people died during the 1945-1949 phase, and the total death toll for the entire civil war period (1927-1949) may have exceeded six million. 1949: People’s Republic of China begins? People's Republic of China Begins The People's Republic of China (PRC) was formally established on October 1, 1949, following the victory of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang (KMT). On this date, CCP Chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed the founding of the PRC from the Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, marking the culmination of decades of conflict that had begun in the 1920s. This event ended the civil war, with the KMT retreating to Taiwan, where it established the Republic of China (ROC) government. The proclamation was made during a mass celebration in Tiananmen Square, and the new national anthem, "March of the Volunteers," was played while the Five-starred Red Flag was hoisted for the first time. The PRC's establishment followed the CCP's control of most of mainland China by 1949, and the government was formally announced earlier, on September 21, 1949, at the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Chinese Nationalists and Taiwan The claim that Chinese Nationalists killed millions of people after taking over Taiwan is not supported by historical evidence. The February 28 incident in 1947, an anti-government uprising in Taiwan, was violently suppressed by the Kuomintang–led Nationalist government, resulting in a significant loss of life. Estimates of the death toll from the incident and its aftermath range between 18,000 and 28,000 people, with some estimates being lower. This event occurred shortly after the Republic of China took over administrative control of Taiwan following Japan's surrender at the end of World War II in 1945. The suppression was followed by a period known as the "White Terror," during which the Nationalist government ruled under martial law and persecuted perceived political dissidents for 38 years. However, there is some credible evidence indicating that the Nationalists killed millions of people after taking over Taiwan. White Terror Period The White Terror refers to a period of authoritarian rule and political repression in Taiwan that lasted from 1949 until the end of martial law in 1987, a duration of 38 years. This era began after the Kuomintang (KMT), having lost the Chinese Civil War, retreated to Taiwan and imposed martial law in 1949. The KMT government persecuted perceived political dissidents, including those suspected of advocating for Taiwanese independence or being communist collaborators, as well as apolitical civilians. The period was marked by widespread imprisonment, torture, and execution, with estimates of the death toll ranging from 10,000 to more than 30,000, and over 100,000 people imprisoned for political reasons. The initial violence of the 228 Incident in 1947, which sparked the period, was followed by the formal establishment of martial law, and discussion of the events was considered taboo for decades. The White Terror officially ended with the lifting of martial law in 1987, although its legacy continues to impact Taiwan's society and politics. True Chinese Cultural Revolution Decade And Tiananmen Square Protests Massacre - https://rumble.com/v2p60ry-true-chinese-cultural-revolution-decade-and-tiananmen-square-protests-massa.html The Chinese Revolution spanned much of the 20th century and would become a transformative event in world history. Its outcomes continue to shape China and its region and resonate through our modern world. Today, the People’s Republic of China is one of the most powerful nations on Earth. With its huge population, a diverse economy worth around $US18 trillion per annum as of 2023, and the most imposing military force in Asia, China appears destined to become the world’s preeminent superpower. Despite this, China was a comparative latecomer to the modern world. At the turn of the 20th century, the Chinese nation was fragmented and still mired in the past. Its government was dominated by feudal monarchs who claimed to rule on behalf of heaven. Its economy was largely agricultural, carried by laboring peasants, while its social structures, practices and traditions were more medieval than modern. Real True History China And A American Old WW-2 Friends Now Roots of Madness - https://rumble.com/v2ozxnq-real-true-history-china-and-a-american-old-ww-2-friends-now-roots-of-madnes.html Real True History Peoples Of China The Roots of Madness Documentary Film Produced by David L. Wolper, written by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Theodore H. White, and funded by a donation from John and Paige Curran. The film covers China's political history, including Mao Tse-tung, the Boxer Rebellion, and the Nationalist-Communist victory. The program covers a period of one hundred and seventy years of Chinese history. The film has been released under Creative Commons license. It Won an Emmy Award in the Documentary Category. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was formally established, with its national capital at Beijing. "The Chinese people have stood up!" declared Mao as he announced the creation of a "people's democratic dictatorship." The people were defined as a coalition of four social classes: the workers, the peasants, the petite bourgeoisie, and the national-capitalists. The four classes were to be led by the CCP, as the vanguard of the working class. At that time the CCP claimed a membership of 4.5 million, of which members of peasant origin accounted for nearly 90 percent. The party was under Mao's chairmanship, and the government was headed by Zhou Enlai ( 1898-1976) as premier of the State Administrative Council (the predecessor of the State Council). The Soviet Union recognized the People's Republic on October 2, 1949. Earlier in the year, Mao had proclaimed his policy of "leaning to one side" as a commitment to the socialist bloc. In February 1950, after months of hard bargaining, China and the Soviet Union signed the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance, valid until 1980. The pact also was intended to counter Japan or any power's joining Japan for the purpose of aggression. For the first time in decades a Chinese government was met with peace, instead of massive military opposition, within its territory. The new leadership was highly disciplined and, having a decade of wartime administrative experience to draw on, was able to embark on a program of national integration and reform. In the first year of Communist administration, moderate social and economic policies were implemented with skill and effectiveness. The leadership realized that the overwhelming and multitudinous task of economic reconstruction and achievement of political and social stability required the goodwill and cooperation of all classes of people. Results were impressive by any standard, and popular support was widespread. By 1950 international recognition of the Communist government had increased considerably, but it was slowed by China's involvement in the Korean War. In October 1950, sensing a threat to the industrial heartland in northeast China from the advancing United Nations (UN) forces in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), units of the PLA--calling themselves the Chinese People's Volunteers--crossed the YaluJiang () River into North Korea in response to a North Korean request for aid. Almost simultaneously the PLA forces also marched into Xizang to reassert Chinese sovereignty over a region that had been in effect independent of Chinese rule since the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. In 1951 the UN declared China to be an aggressor in Korea and sanctioned a global embargo on the shipment of arms and war materiel to China. This step foreclosed for the time being any possibility that the People's Republic might replace Nationalist China (on Taiwan) as a member of the UN and as a veto-holding member of the UN Security Council. After China entered the Korean War, the initial moderation in Chinese domestic policies gave way to a massive campaign against the "enemies of the state," actual and potential. These enemies consisted of "war criminals, traitors, bureaucratic capitalists, and counterrevolutionaries." The campaign was combined with party-sponsored trials attended by huge numbers of people. The major targets in this drive were foreigners and Christian missionaries who were branded as United States agents at these mass trials. The 1951-52 drive against political enemies was accompanied by land reform, which had actually begun under the Agrarian Reform Law of June 28, 1950. The redistribution of land was accelerated, and a class struggle landlords and wealthy peasants was launched. An ideological reform campaign requiring self-criticisms and public confessions by university faculty members, scientists, and other professional workers was given wide publicity. Artists and writers were soon the objects of similar treatment for failing to heed Mao's dictum that culture and literature must reflect the class interest of the working people, led by the CCP. These campaigns were accompanied in 1951 and 1952 by the san fan ( or "three anti") and wu fan ( or "five anti") movements. The former was directed ostensibly against the evils of "corruption, waste, and bureaucratism"; its real aim was to eliminate incompetent and politically unreliable public officials and to bring about an efficient, disciplined, and responsive bureaucratic system. The wu fan movement aimed at eliminating recalcitrant and corrupt businessmen and industrialists, who were in effect the targets of the CCP's condemnation of "tax evasion, bribery, cheating in government contracts, thefts of economic intelligence, and stealing of state assets." In the course of this campaign the party claimed to have uncovered a well-organized attempt by businessmen and industrialists to corrupt party and government officials. This charge was enlarged into an assault on the bourgeoisie as a whole. The number of people affected by the various punitive or reform campaigns was estimated in the millions. The Transition to Socialism, 1953-57 The period of officially designated "transition to socialism" corresponded to China's First Five-Year Plan (1953-57). The period was characterized by efforts to achieve industrialization, collectivization of agriculture, and political centralization. The First Five-Year Plan stressed the development of heavy industry on the Soviet model. Soviet economic and technical assistance was expected to play a significant part in the implementation of the plan, and technical agreements were signed with the Soviets in 1953 and 1954. For the purpose of economic planning, the first modern census was taken in 1953; the population of mainland China was shown to be 583 million, a figure far greater than had been anticipated. Among China's most pressing needs in the early 1950s were food for its burgeoning population, domestic capital for investment, and purchase of Soviet-supplied technology, capital equipment, and military hardware. To satisfy these needs, the government began to collectivize agriculture. Despite internal disagreement as to the speed of collectivization, which at least for the time being was resolved in Mao's favor, preliminary collectivization was 90 percent completed by the end of 1956. In addition, the government nationalized banking, industry, and trade. Private enterprise in mainland China was virtually abolished. Major political developments included the centralization of party and government administration. Elections were held in 1953 for delegates to the First National People's Congress, China's national legislature, which met in 1954. The congress promulgated the state constitution of 1954 and formally elected Mao chairman (or president) of the People's Republic; it elected Liu Shaoqi ( 1898-1969) chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; and named Zhou Enlai premier of the new State Council. In the midst of these major governmental changes, and helping to precipitate them, was a power struggle within the CCP leading to the 1954 purge of Political Bureau member Gao Gang () and Party Organization Department head Rao Shushi (), who were accused of illicitly trying to seize control of the party. The process of national integration also was characterized by improvements in party organization under the administrative direction of the secretary general of the party Deng Xiaoping ( who served concurrently as vice premier of the State Council). There was a marked emphasis on recruiting intellectuals, who by 1956 constituted nearly 12 percent of the party's 10.8 million members. Peasant membership had decreased to 69 percent, while there was an increasing number of "experts" , who were needed for the party and governmental infrastructures, in the party ranks. As part of the effort to encourage the participation of intellectuals in the new regime, in mid-1956 there began an official effort to liberalize the political climate. Cultural and intellectual figures were encouraged to speak their minds on the state of CCP rule and programs. Mao personally took the lead in the movement, which was launched under the classical slogan "Let a hundred flowers bloom, let the hundred schools of thought contend" (). At first the party's repeated invitation to air constructive views freely and openly was met with caution. By mid-1957, however, the movement unexpectedly mounted, bringing denunciation and criticism against the party in general and the excesses of its cadres in particular. Startled and embarrassed, leaders turned on the critics as "bourgeois rightists" () and launched the Anti-Rightist Campaign. The Hundred Flowers Campaign , sometimes called the Double Hundred Campaign (), apparently had a sobering effect on the CCP leadership. The Great Leap Forward, 1958-60 The antirightist drive was followed by a militant approach toward economic development. In 1958 the CCP launched the Great Leap Forward () campaign under the new "General Line for Socialist Construction." The Great Leap Forward was aimed at accomplishing the economic and technical development of the country at a vastly faster pace and with greater results. The shift to the left that the new "General Line" represented was brought on by a combination of domestic and external factors. Although the party leaders appeared generally satisfied with the accomplishments of the First Five-Year Plan, they--Mao and his fellow radicals in particular--believed that more could be achieved in the Second Five-Year Plan (1958-62) if the people could be ideologically aroused and if domestic resources could be utilized more efficiently for the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture. These assumptions led the party to an intensified mobilization of the peasantry and mass organizations, stepped-up ideological guidance and indoctrination of technical experts, and efforts to build a more responsive political system. The last of these undertakings was to be accomplished through a new xiafang ( or down to the countryside) movement, under which cadres inside and outside the party would be sent to factories, communes, mines, and public works projects for manual labor and firsthand familiarization with grass-roots conditions. Although evidence is sketchy, Mao's decision to embark on the Great Leap Forward was based in part on his uncertainty about the Soviet policy of economic, financial, and technical assistance to China. That policy, in Mao's view, not only fell far short of his expectations and needs but also made him wary of the political and economic dependence in which China might find itself. The Great Leap Forward centered on a new socioeconomic and political system created in the countryside and in a few urban areas--the people's communes . By the fall of 1958, some 750,000 agricultural producers' cooperatives, now designated as production brigades, had been amalgamated into about 23,500 communes, each averaging 5,000 households, or 22,000 people. The individual commune was placed in control of all the means of production and was to operate as the sole accounting unit; it was subdivided into production brigades (generally coterminous with traditional villages) and production teams. Each commune was planned as a self-supporting community for agriculture, small-scale local industry (for example, the famous backyard pig-iron furnaces), schooling, marketing, administration, and local security (maintained by militia organizations). Organized along paramilitary and laborsaving lines, the commune had communal kitchens, mess halls, and nurseries. In a way, the people's communes constituted a fundamental attack on the institution of the family, especially in a few model areas where radical experiments in communal living--large dormitories in place of the traditional nuclear family housing-- occurred. (These were quickly dropped.) The system also was based on the assumption that it would release additional manpower for such major projects as irrigation works and hydroelectric dams, which were seen as integral parts of the plan for the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture. The Great Leap Forward was an economic failure. In early 1959, amid signs of rising popular restiveness, the CCP admitted that the favorable production report for 1958 had been exaggerated. Among the Great Leap Forward's economic consequences were a shortage of food (in which natural disasters also played a part); shortages of raw materials for industry; overproduction of poor-quality goods; deterioration of industrial plants through mismanagement; and exhaustion and demoralization of the peasantry and of the intellectuals, not to mention the party and government cadres at all levels. Throughout 1959 efforts to modify the administration of the communes got under way; these were intended partly to restore some material incentives to the production brigades and teams, partly to decentralize control, and partly to house families that had been reunited as household units. Political consequences were not inconsiderable. In April 1959 Mao, who bore the chief responsibility for the Great Leap Forward fiasco, stepped down from his position as chairman of the People's Republic. The National People's Congress elected Liu Shaoqi as Mao's successor, though Mao remained chairman of the CCP. Moreover, Mao's Great Leap Forward policy came under open criticism at a party conference at Lushan (), Jiangxi Province. The attack was led by Minister of National Defense Peng Dehuai (), who had become troubled by the potentially adverse effect Mao's policies would have on the modernization of the armed forces. Peng argued that "putting politics in command" was no substitute for economic laws and realistic economic policy; unnamed party leaders were also admonished for trying to "jump into communism in one step." After the Lushan showdown, Peng Dehuai, who allegedly had been encouraged by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev to oppose Mao, was deposed. Peng was replaced by Lin Biao (), a radical and opportunist Maoist. The new defense minister initiated a systematic purge of Peng's supporters from the military. Militancy on the domestic front was echoed in external policies. The "soft" foreign policy based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence to which China had subscribed in the mid-1950s gave way to a "hard" line in 1958. From August through October of that year, the Chinese resumed a massive artillery bombardment of the Nationalist-held offshore islands of Jinmen ( Chin-men in Wade Giles but often referred to as Kinmen or Quemoy) and Mazu ( Ma-tsu in Wade-Giles). This was accompanied by an aggressive propaganda assault on the United States and a declaration of intent to "liberate" Taiwan. Chinese control over Xizang had been reasserted in 1950. The socialist revolution that took place thereafter increasingly became a process of Sinicization for the Tibetans. Tension culminated in a revolt in 1958-59 and the flight to India by the Dalai Lama, the Tibetans' spiritual and de facto temporal leader. Relations with India--where sympathy for the rebels was aroused--deteriorated as thousands of Tibetan refugees crossed the Indian border. There were several border incidents in 1959, and a brief Sino-Indian border war erupted in October 1962 as China laid claim to Aksai Chin, nearly 103,600 square kilometers of territory that India regarded as its own. The Soviet Union gave India its moral support in the dispute, thus contributing to the growing tension between Beijing and Moscow. The Sino-Soviet dispute of the late 1950s was the most important development in Chinese foreign relations. The Soviet Union had been China's principal benefactor and ally, but relations between the two were cooling. The Soviet agreement in late 1957 to help China produce its own nuclear weapons and missiles was terminated by mid-1959. From that point until the mid-1960s, the Soviets recalled all of their technicians and advisers from China and reduced or canceled economic and technical aid to China. The discord was occasioned by several factors. The two countries differed in their interpretation of the nature of "peaceful coexistence." The Chinese took a more militant and unyielding position on the issue of anti-imperialist struggle, but the Soviets were unwilling, for example, to give their support on the Taiwan question. In addition, the two communist powers disagreed on doctrinal matters. The Chinese accused the Soviets of "revisionism"; the latter countered with charges of "dogmatism." Rivalry within the international communist movement also exacerbated Sino-Soviet relations. An additional complication was the history of suspicion each side had toward the other, especially the Chinese, who had lost a substantial part of territory to tsarist Russia in the mid-nineteenth century. Whatever the causes of the dispute, the Soviet suspension of aid was a blow to the Chinese scheme for developing industrial and high-level (including nuclear) technology. Readjustment and Recovery, 1961-65 In 1961 the political tide at home began to swing to the right, as evidenced by the ascendancy of a more moderate leadership. In an effort to stabilize the economic front, for example, the party--still under Mao's titular leadership but under the dominant influence of Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun (), Peng Zhen (), Bo Yibo (), and others--initiated a series of corrective measures. Among these measures was the reorganization of the commune system, with the result that production brigades and teams had more say in their own administrative and economic planning. To gain more effective control from the center, the CCP reestablished its six regional bureaus and initiated steps aimed at tightening party discipline and encouraging the leading party cadres to develop populist-style leadership at all levels. The efforts were prompted by the party's realization that the arrogance of party and government functionaries had engendered only public apathy. On the industrial front, much emphasis was now placed on realistic and efficient planning; ideological fervor and mass movements were no longer the controlling themes of industrial management. Production authority was restored to factory managers. Another notable emphasis after 1961 was the party's greater interest in strengthening the defense and internal security establishment. By early 1965 the country was well on its way to recovery under the direction of the party apparatus, or, to be more specific, the Central Committee's Secretariat headed by Secretary General Deng Xiaoping. The Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 In the early 1960s, Mao was on the political sidelines and in semi seclusion. By 1962, however, he began an offensive to purify the party, having grown increasingly uneasy about what he believed were the creeping "capitalist" and antisocialist tendencies in the country. As a hardened veteran revolutionary who had overcome the severest adversities, Mao continued to believe that the material incentives that had been restored to the peasants and others were corrupting the masses and were counterrevolutionary. To arrest the so-called capitalist trend, Mao launched the Socialist Education Movement (1962-65), in which the primary emphasis was on restoring ideological purity, reinfusing revolutionary fervor into the party and government bureaucracies, and intensifying class struggle. There were internal disagreements, however, not on the aim of the movement but on the methods of carrying it out. Opposition came mainly from the moderates represented by Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, who were unsympathetic to Mao's policies. The Socialist Education Movement was soon paired with another Mao campaign, the theme of which was "to learn from the People's Liberation Army." Minister of National Defense Lin Biao's rise to the center of power was increasingly conspicuous. It was accompanied by his call on the PLA and the CCP to accentuate Maoist thought as the guiding principle for the Socialist Education Movement and for all revolutionary undertakings in China. In connection with the Socialist Education Movement, a thorough reform of the school system, which had been planned earlier to coincide with the Great Leap Forward, went into effect. The reform was intended as a work-study program a new xiafang movement in which schooling was slated to accommodate the work schedule of communes and factories. It had the dual purpose of providing mass education less expensively than previously and of re-educating intellectuals and scholars to accept the need for their own participation in manual labor. The drafting of intellectuals for manual labor was part of the party's rectification campaign, publicized through the mass media as an effort to remove "bourgeois" influences from professional workers particularly, their tendency to have greater regard for their own specialized fields than for the goals of the party. Official propaganda accused them of being more concerned with having "expertise" than being "red" . The Militant Phase, 1966-68 By mid-1965 Mao had gradually but systematically regained control of the party with the support of Lin Biao, Jiang Qing ( Mao's fourth wife), and Chen Boda, a leading theoretician. In late 1965 a leading member of Mao's "Shanghai Mafia," Yao Wenyuan, wrote a thinly veiled attack on the deputy mayor of Beijing, Wu Han. In the next six months, under the guise of upholding ideological purity, Mao and his supporters purged or attacked a wide variety of public figures, including State Chairman Liu Shaoqi and other party and state leaders. By mid-1966 Mao's campaign had erupted into what came to be known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the first mass action to have emerged against the CCP apparatus itself. Considerable intraparty opposition to the Cultural Revolution was evident. On the one side was the Mao-Lin Biao group, supported by the PLA; on the other side was a faction led by Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, which had its strength in the regular party machine. Premier Zhou Enlai, while remaining personally loyal to Mao, tried to mediate or to reconcile the two factions. Mao felt that he could no longer depend on the formal party organization, convinced that it had been permeated with the "capitalist" and bourgeois obstructionists. He turned to Lin Biao and the PLA to counteract the influence of those who were allegedly "`left' in form but `right' in essence." The PLA was widely extolled as a "great school" for the training of a new generation of revolutionary fighters and leaders. Maoists also turned to middle-school students for political demonstrations on their behalf. These students, joined also by some university students, came to be known as the Red Guards . Millions of Red Guards were encouraged by the Cultural Revolution group to become a "shock force" and to "bombard" with criticism both the regular party headquarters in Beijing and those at the regional and provincial levels. Red Guard activities were promoted as a reflection of Mao's policy of rekindling revolutionary enthusiasm and destroying "outdated," "counterrevolutionary" symbols and values. Mao's ideas, popularized in the Quotations from Chairman Mao, became the standard by which all revolutionary efforts were to be judged. The "four big rights" speaking out freely, airing views fully, holding great debates, and writing big-character posters became an important factor in encouraging Mao's youthful followers to criticize his intraparty rivals. The "four big rights" became such a major feature during the period that they were later institutionalized in the state constitution of 1975. The result of the unfettered criticism of established organs of control by China's exuberant youth was massive civil disorder, punctuated also by clashes among rival Red Guard gangs and between the gangs and local security authorities. The party organization was shattered from top to bottom. 2025!

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1004th Video... What She Hide Inside Anima Female Desire Carl Jung’s Dark Truth About Women Men Must Know Today. So Lina With No Husband Or A Chinese Woman & Married America Man Who Proposed To Her From A Mail Order Chinese Bride Catalogue Of Older Women Who Pay For Marriage From A Overseas Chinese Dating Services As A Digital Platform Connecting Individuals Seeking International Marriage Partners With Potential Brides From Various Countries. These catalogues are curated collections of profiles from women interested in serious relationships and marriage, often sourced from international dating sites. They allow users to browse, communicate, and potentially build relationships with women from regions like Asia, Europe, Latin America, and beyond. Chinese Mail Order Bride Catalog The term "mail order bride" describes women who connect with men, often from another country, through online platforms to marry and potentially migrate for better economic prospects. While the phrase suggests a catalogue of women available for purchase, it is not legal to order a bride from a catalog for delivery. Instead, individuals can browse online profiles of Chinese women seeking marriage, which is the modern equivalent of a catalogue. Chinese Mail Order Bride Catalog: A collection of online profiles of Chinese women seeking marriage with foreign men, accessible through matchmaking websites. Form I-129F: The U.S. immigration form required to petition for a Chinese fiancée to immigrate to America, requiring proof of a relationship and a face-to-face meeting within the last two years. Verified Brides: Women listed on matchmaking sites who have undergone some form of verification process to confirm their identity and intentions. International Marriage: The process of marrying a Chinese woman from abroad, often facilitated by online connections and formal immigration procedures. Economic Motivation: A common reason cited for women seeking marriage with foreign men, as they hope for improved material life and opportunities. Gendered Exploitation: A perspective held by some feminists, viewing the practice as exploitative due to the economic disparities and gender dynamics involved. Blossoms Dating LLC, doing business as Cherry Blossoms, is a dating site specializing in Asian women and the mail-order bride industry, with a history dating back to 1974 when it began as printed catalogs of "personals" listings. The company, which has evolved to a web-based format since 2001, operates in over a hundred countries, with a focus on China, South America, and the Philippines. The site is often referred to as "Cherry Blossoms," but the correct search term is "Blossoms.com". While the company claims to be a legitimate platform for finding relationships, it has been associated with significant concerns, including cases of abuse and murder involving couples who met through the service, such as the case of Jack Reeves, who was convicted of murdering two of his wives. The industry itself is largely unregulated, and critics argue it can lead to the exploitation of vulnerable women seeking better lives, although the company maintains that most marriages resulting from its connections are successful. A 2023 study cited in a 2025 article found that approximately 10,000 American men marry women they meet through these dating sites annually, with 80% of such marriages lasting longer than the U.S. average. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw Age 48 With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Man 2 Year Later And She Is Now 62 Years Old And Her Husband Is Now 76 Years Old. Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. So With The Help From Her Old English Teacher (Randles) Age 68 And Her Only One True Friend Left In U.S.A. Prof. Randles Thompkins And WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And She Ask Me To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. This gesture is deeply rooted in trust and friendship, symbolizing a bond of loyalty and reliability. The pinky promise is not considered inappropriate and is often used informally to seal agreements or commitments. The pinky finger itself is sometimes associated with smallness or youth, but when used in the context of a promise, it carries a positive and meaningful connotation. Unlike the middle finger in American culture, which is an offensive gesture, the pinky finger in China does not carry the same negative connotation when used in a promise. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. So Randles Thompkins Filed A Report With APS Adult Protective ServicesConcerns Involving Mistreatment Vulnerable Adults Is defined as: “The willful action or inaction that inflicts injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment on a vulnerable adult. In instances of abuse of a vulnerable adult who is unable to express or demonstrate physical harm, pain, or mental anguish, the abuse is presumed to cause physical harm, pain, or mental anguish. Abuse includes sexual abuse, mental abuse, physical abuse, and exploitation of Lina Rye a vulnerable adult..” Lina Said To Me Randles (Help) Please! Mrs. Lina Rye Called Me Sometime Crying & Other Times Happy & I Feel So Alone Sometimes ! Isolating Individuals are kept from or are absent from normal activities with family, friends, or social events. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. Injuries Suspicious or unexplainable bruises, sores, or weight loss. Behaviors or emotions Change in normal personality. Daily living needs Neglect or inattention to hygiene, clothing, medication, food, or home. Property and finances Unexplainable financial changes or missing money and personal belongings. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. What is the process for APS investigations? 1. Intake: When you make a report online, in person, or by phone or fax, our intake specialists gather information to begin the investigative process. 2. Assignment: Each intake report is reviewed to determine if APS has jurisdiction and assigns an investigation time frame. 3. Investigation: Investigations include thorough interviews, observations, record reviews, and coordination with law enforcement and other agencies as needed. 4. Offer Services: We work with community partners to offer protective services, such as emergency shelter, food, medical care, personal assistance, counseling, and more. Lina Are you o.k. ? Is your daughter o.k. ? You told me I,am talking to my daughter... and i will call you back in about a hour... I hope you and your family are o.k. today. Let's talk soon... Randles Thompkins Your Old Friend From 2016... Thanks ! Good morning. I’ve made a promise to Jerry that I will no longer have any contact with you. From now on, I won’t be replying to any messages or calls. Please take care of yourself. I wish you all the best. Good morning to you lina... I do not know who Jerry is... You made a promise to Jerry not to talk to your old English teacher and friend from back in 2016. Last time I saw you in person was at Health Club 2020 and I only talked to you by phone 10 times from 2021 to 2025.. so you made a promise not to talk to your friend of 8 years now. Sad... Randles Wow ! WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And Ask Me (Randles) To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. Randles So now I understand why on Sunday morning E-mail I got from china in 2019. Shirlee Fen fin told me you (lina) are not married to Jerry Rye... Because you got married in front of a judge and not in a church. Because you did not Consummate your marriage refers to the first act of sexual intercourse between a married couple, which signifies the completion of the marriage. In some religious traditions, failure to consummate a marriage can lead to divorce or annulment, although this is not common in modern state laws. So Lina under US Law Because you did not Consummate your marriage with Jerry and in the eyes of God... Jerry can ask a judge for a divorce or annulment of the marriage... so if you wanted to leave Jerry in the future time or get a divorce... you will get no money... because you are not married in the first place... its annulment and your marriage is over lina. But I told Shirlee Fen fin if you are married ten (10 Years) Under US Common Laws you are married you can still get your half of the money and if you are 62 years old you can also get social security too. And No Jerry can not deport you back to China Ever! So if you need i'm hear for you Lina... Yes we are friends forever... as per are pinky promise you ask me to make with you at the MU Club back in 2019. Jan 4, 2020, 11:06 AM Randles Jan 4, 2020, 1:30 PM Randles so good afternoon to you. Randles Number 88 symbolizes fortune and good luck in Chinese culture, since the word 8 sounds similar to the word fā (发, which implies 发财, or wealth, in Mandarin or Cantonese) Jan 5, 2020, 9:05 AM Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. Lina 88 is saying goodbye in my hometown. Yesterday afternoon, Jerry went to party with his four old colleague. His colleague was the man on the left of the pool on Friday afternoon. He told Jerry that he knew it was me, but didn't talk to me. At that time, I felt that he stopped intentionally beside us. Want to hear us. 88 is say goodbye in my hometown. You are a very good teacher who has taught me a lot of knowledge. Thank you once again. Jan 5, 2020, 1:12 PM Randles all is well with me at the pool.... you did not do anything wrong.... i only help you and teaching you how to swim better in the pool.... so maybe it will help save your life some day.... if you fell in the water later in life. i'm only thinking about your safety. Randles yes i think so too.... (you felt that he stopped intentionally beside us) so he stop 2 times by you... to hear us talking about your swimming lessons... maybe jerry send him to the pool ? i do not know him at all. i'm been at this gym 20 years now. Randles WindyLina I’m in the gym now. I am everything ok. I didn’t doing something wrong. Randles do you want me to stop by ? WindyLina You decide for yourself, it's not my own gym. 88 Randles you are funny today.... i hope you want to see me. Jan 5, 2020, 4:06 PM Randles your school start on monday... hope you are coming to school too... 88 Jan 6, 2020, 6:48 PM Randles hope your friend day of school is going o.k. for you..... as you say.... i'm a good teacher and you a bad or slow student... you are 5th level and going for 6th.... very good job. Jan 6, 2020, 9:21 PM Lina I am starting school today! Thank you for your teaching and help. My oral English has improved a lot. You are my good teacher. The pictures are good, very meaningful, and your car is beautiful. Thank you for sharing. Jan 7, 2020, 8:33 AM Lina Good morning handsome boy. Today I am not going to the school. I’m going to the gym now. Have a nice day! Happy to talking to you. On Sunday night, Shirley Fen Finn spoke to Jerry on a WeChat video. Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Lina I don't want Jerry to misunderstand that we are male and female friends on a date. This gym has two good friends of Jerry, and they often party together. They talk about me, but I don't know them. Jan 7, 2020, 3:22 PM Randles you and me are not on a date.... its a swimming class only.... i'm your friend and english teacher... but i'm sad that you told me that jerry hit's you in arm and face and you are crying walking down the road... sad for me. so you are not alone now.... you have friends in spokane, wa. to turn to if you need help... i'm hear for you Lina. Jan 8, 2020, 1:20 PM Randles yes i'm up now.... hope you are doing good too. Jan 9, 2020, 4:57 PM Randles so hello.... its getting cilder now and maybe 6 - 8 inch of snow and zero temp. outside for this week. i have 2 homes one with internet and one with out it.... if you need help with your english words... i may not be on line... so you may call me for help with words etc. thanks your english teacher. Randles yes the word is colder... above getting colder Jan 9, 2020, 8:21 PM Lina I heard heavy snow tomorrow. Spokane is cold now, and I hate snowy weather. My English words are very small, because I can't remember, and I am lazy too. Because it is going to snow. You should stay at home. I'll call you tomorrow at the gym. Jan 12, 2020, 9:53 AM Lina Good morning !teacher. Thank you for teaching me English. We are just a teacher-student relationship. I never sought any help. I don't need anything else for help. Except for my bad English. Lina Jerry is very nice to me and my daughter. He cares about us everywhere, but he is also a person with shortcomings. He does not like to talk and express emotions. I am very grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for my daughter. He is a good father and good husband in my heart. Lina Every family has contradictions in life, and of course we are no exception. I am a person who is grateful. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, for giving us, and for giving me information. I will always be with him and caring for him forever. Lina Goodbye. Thank you for taught me English. I don't want to cause you any misunderstanding. Previously, you asked me for some photos, so please destroy them yourself. Thank you again. Lina [correct ] I am a grateful person. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, helping us, and trusting me. I will always be with him and always take care of him. Wed 12:46 PM Randles yes i understand your messages... i ask Fen in china not to talk to jerry about this e-mail... this is only a test to me. and if Fen words are true to me..... yes i'm a english teacher and civil rights worker too.... you and jerry are not in trouble at all.... with me or the wa. state as you told me.... he (jerry) hit you and walking down the hi-way (crying) and your friend fen (did not help you by talking to you and jerry at all. yes i and you and jerry and other have short comings in life and misunderstanding too. Randles so i hope now... because of me talking to fen.... you will have a better life with jerry... and jerry will stop hitting you and will start talking to you again... on your drive and other things in your life will get better now. as you say In 2020, all dreams come true. for you. Randles Randles Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen fin) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Rommel yes i'm at the gym.... lol... and yes i'm a good driver in the snow... i'm warm and a little cold maybe lina.... Lol Sat 4:10 PM Randles Fin told you something about me and it scared me. so can you tell me about it ? your friend ? you told me i can ask you any ? you say i will always tell the truth... thank you and i hope you can see for chinese new year on saturday 25 2020 ? Chinese New Year falls on Tuesday, February 5 in 2020, and on Saturday, January 25 in 2020. It's Lunar New Year, day 1 of China’s lunar calendar, which is within a day of the second new moon before the spring equinox moon phase. 10:24 AM Lina Good morning! Teacher Rommel. Thank you for told me so much real America. The customs between China and the United States are very different. The letter you wrote to Fen and the photos you send. Maybe Fen she misunderstood you. Lina She told me about your letter, your photo, and my situation. She thinks what you say, she feels false and unbelievable. So she told me something. I will go to the gym at noon today and I still hope to see you. We are friends, you are my English teacher and I respect you very much. About Fen. I respect your choice. Lina We chat and inevitably talk about Jerry. I am grateful and trusted for Jerry. Thanks for everything he gave us! Give my daughter a good education. No one is perfect, he is 70 years old, like a child, it is normal. Lina I am also grateful to you, thank you for being my English teacher and good friend. In the United States, I am unfamiliar with life. You explain it to me. thanks again! i have removed you from my facebook page... so no one can see or read old messages you send to me. Feb 8, 2020, 11:30 AM Randles hello lina yes i'm still your friend and i did not say to stop going to ESL school to you. i said if you heard that Deer Park has two patients with coronavirus infection. and that you think and worry that you are infected. maybe you need maybe you need to stop going to ESL school now to be safe. asi do not want you to be sick. you are welcome for your concern for me and my family in China. i only want you and family to be safe. as for english you ask for more and better english help. So i say i will help you more with reading english better. its o.k. you do not anymore help with english. its o.k. ( as you ask lina - i will not help you anymore ) and yes i understand jerry is not happy with you. no one may see you at home. no one may help you with english at home. no one can call you at home. no one can watch a movie with you in Deer Park. its o.k. that you don't want to cause misunderstanding with jerry. its o.k. but all your friends at ESL school can not see you or talk to you or eat dinner with you at your home in Deer Park. Yes i'm still your friend for life. yes you do have rights in the usa. be safe always randles thompkins your old or pass english teacher.... the miss understand come from facebook... as over 80+ messages say... Lina removed a message.... i did not see your writing to me in the first place as you or facebook removed it before i can read it. i hope you understand this info. so all the old facebook messages are gone now. Your english teacher ! Randles Randles Lina removed at message........ you and lina aren't connected on facebook but you may still write to her and send and friends request. Feb 8, 2020, 3:55 PM Lina I didn't say you asked me to stop taking ESL English classes. I just want to tell you that I will always take ESL English classes. My English is bad. I really don't want to say anything. So as not to cause more and more misunderstandings. Feb 8, 2020, 5:53 PM Lina I am still in the hospital waiting for Jerry's operation. His Wednesday operation was unsuccessful. Thank you for taught me English. Feb 9, 2020, 1:19 PM Randles thank you for writing me back.... sorry to hear that operation was unsuccessful and hope its goes better the next one.... its o.k. to talk to me. i do not feel i have a misunderstandings with you lina. sometime i think... why do i care and have a concern for people and friends so much. may be its not good for me to care about so many person's in the world. i think you are scared ? your husband is not happy and will not understand you may make a mistake in life sometimes. 1. (mistake) an action or judgment that is misguided or wrong. i'm not mad at you. you can still talk to me. but i will not help you with english as you ask me not too. hope you and jerry operation go better this time.... your friend... Randles Thompkins Randles if you need someone to talk to you anytime. i'm still hear for you lina. you have my info. be positive lina and hope for the best out come ! Feb 10, 2020, 2:08 PM Randles meanwhile in china today... you have 2 cute kittycat lina. Randles Feb 10, 2020, 6:38 PM Lina thanks again. We are still friends. Take care of yourself. Feb 11, 2020, 10:55 AM Randles yes i hope you and your family are well too. Feb 11, 2020, 5:50 PM Lina 谢谢 Randles hellolina i hope jerry is better today. yes thank you too. Lina He's better now. He can walk slowly. But haven't eaten yet I just making my own dinner ，I'm going to eat now! Randles yes very nice... you do not eat much after a operation like that..... my be chicken soup . Lina 88 Randles thanks for talking lina 88 Lina Thank you 88 Randles you are so sweet to me too.... thanks 88 Feb 13, 2020, 11:56 AM Randles so about the coronavirus infection... its 14 days now..... are you o.k. or sick and or any more info. about you and your family in china ? Feb 13, 2020, 1:31 PM You set the emoji to . Feb 13, 2020, 4:11 PM Randles i do not know if jerry can make it out to buy you a card or not... after being sick.... so happy valentine's day to you from jerry and me too. but not i same meaning as from jerry and mine from friendship to you. yes it feb.14 in china now. hope you are well this day. Randles yes i celebrating valentine's alone at my home in spokane and its o.k. for me ! asi'm alone all the time anyways and i'm a happy person all the time. Randles Feb 14, 2020, 2:27 PM Randles Happy Valentines Day To You Too. Feb 14, 2020, 5:55 PM Lina Jerry go to the emergency room again this afternoon. We have been waiting for the doctor. Happy Valentines Day ! My family is safe. They are far away from Wuhan. Thank you! 1 Feb 15, 2020, 12:47 PM Randles hello Lina... i'm happy your family and you are safe. jerry emergency room sad for you too. thank you for your valentines day wish for me. Randles Lina be careful with you money. i have a lady friend in 1991 got married to a man 65 yrs. old and she in 35 yrs old with kids from her first marrage... the man pass-a-way at 85 years and she 55 yrs. old at his death and married 20 years to him.... so the social security stop and retirement money stopped too... and social security told her.... you can not get half 1/2 your husband social security money un-tell you are 62 years old to get it.... why is this ? because young woman overseas and in the u.s. woman too... 18 to 30 yrs. old woman getting married to 70 to 80 yrs old man... thinking to get 1/2 husband social security money from her age of 30 to her death... maybe money for 50 years.... lina this is only info. for you.... you are a good woman lina and you told me you do not care for jerry money... you love him... i respect you very much for this... as you have a good hearted person.... like you and me it rare now days.... so i hope all will go good in the emergency room.... do not cry and hold your head up... you can talk to me anytime.... your friend for life.... Randles and happy day for you now and in the furture and again thanks for the valentines day wish ! Feb 15, 2020, 4:16 PM Lina I am very busy and tired. Talk to you later. thank you. Lina We are in the hospital and Jerry has still in hospital tonight Randles yes you are busy and tired too.... did not get sick yourself from working to hard and i hope jerry get better too... get some rest lina as you can.... tell me more about it if you want. is jerry a little sick or real sick ? hope you can handle it lina.... if you need help you are you need me to bring you food at the hospital let me know as you may not want to cook because you are tired and call anytime... 590-7*1-5**3 day or night your friend. Feb 20, 2020, 9:13 AM Lina Lina removed a message Jerry was discharged last Sunday afternoon. He has now recovering. Thank you. Mrs. Lina Rye & Randles Tompkins 2018 English to Chinese Translation Your English Language Teacher +你的英语老师+nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī Nanning Shi, Guangxi, China + 南宁市, 广西, 中国 + nánníngshì , guǎngxī , zhōngguó Favorite Quotes +有爱就有一切。 June 16, 2016 at 12:25pm I Did Not Know You Yet Lina But You Are At Chinese Drumming In Town 2016 Deer Park STA in 2016. However, there is a reference to Town-related Chinese cultural activities from that year. The Deer Park Chinese Association organized a dance group that practiced at the WSU Academic Center (SAC) starting from May 29, 2016. Hello to you 丽娜米 Lina Rye From Randles汤普金斯 or randlestāngpǔjīnsī You are my new friend 你是我的新朋友 6/17/18, 1:23 PM Randles so hello to you from fitness club hot tub 6/17/18, 9:22 PM You can now call each other and see information like Active Status and when you've read messages. Lina Hello 6/18/18, 11:57 AM Randles yes hello to you also.... nice day.... love to see your photo of you in china work unform. this is my navy photo age 24, 1980. 6/19/18, 1:58 PM Lina You was a navy and very handsome. I go to the gym right now and I hope to see you Lina 6/19/18, 6:05 PM Randles wow nice photo..... water and snow mt. in the back ground too...... the photo is from ? Randles Randles i'm out of town 2 days....me today lots of wild flowers.... back in town wed. morning... yes hope to see you too..... Your English Language Teacher..你的英语老师nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī 6/20/18, 8:40 PM Randles Lina This is a picture I took when I drove back from California last month on my way to spokane Lina You shot a lot of beautiful flowers. I went to the gym at 5 o'clock this afternoon. You are not there Lina Thank you, you are very nice to me. You are my good theacher Lina 6/21/18, 5:05 PM Randles i'm going to the gym now.... 5;20pm to 5;30 pm see you. you are fun to talk with too. 6/21/18, 6:57 PM Randles maybe we can plan to meet at same time... if you want too. 6/22/18, 12:21 PM Randles hello Lina today.... rainned last night. i will be at hot tub 6;15 pm friday... you are my friend. 6/22/18, 10:51 PM Lina 6/23/18, 11:06 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Randles June 23, 2018 at 11:09 AM I do not have messenger Lina Hello, this is Li Na’s husband. When you have time please call me 5*9 6*7 8**2. Thank you. 6/23/18, 4:33 PM Randles sorry i do know you ? you want to talk about is ? this is facebook 4 Lina Rye + 丽娜米i'm a English Teacher + 英语老师i'm randles and i work for men / woman civil rights in usa. Thank You. Randles Hello Li Na You may show this message to your husband... thanks ... i do not know him. 6/27/18, 8:05 PM Randles so hello to you... love to see the sport car pics of you..... thanks Lina 6/28/18, 8:36 PM Randles me and my kitty at Man ito Park... the park was officially established in April 1904 and has evolved from an undeveloped recreational area with a few flower beds, picnic spots, and a zoo to one of town primary showplaces. 6/29/18, 5:38 AM Lina Thank you for tell me about the history of the park. I will go to a friend's house in the morning and go to the gym in the afternoon. 6/29/18, 1:46 PM Randles very nice you like it your English Teacher. 6/29/18, 3:13 PM Lina I am going to the gym now 6/30/18, 5:20 PM Randles yes i'm going to gym at 7;00 pm tonight. 7/1/18, 1:13 PM Randles 7/2/18, 2:12 PM Lina My school is there 1 photoes Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 7/2/18, 7:14 PM Randles thanks 4 the pics.... yes i know the address now.... thank you. great photos too 7/3/18, 3:55 PM Randles hello Lina from your English Teacher.... remember you are not poor.... you are a good person..... you are a all american girl..... so happy 4th of July to you and your friends.... china is good too.... but you can also nice 4th of july. 7/4/18, 1:43 PM Lina My leg is swollen. I have not been to the gym for a few days. 7/5/18, 12:24 PM Randles hello hope your leg get better soon. Randles Swollen bug bites on your leg ? Randles Most bug bites that cause swelling however are localized and cause swelling more because of the body's attempt to isolate and deal with the foreign chemical without letting it spread. Most bug bites that swell are fairly safe, and unless the bite persists and gets worse, they should fade away and stop itching within 2-3 days. Randles Lina i hope this info. helps you.... your husband think it is ? 7/8/18, 4:00 PM Randles yes hi Lina hope you leg is getting better now ? Lina My leg is much better. I am taking a shower in the gym now. I will be at the gym after class tomorrow afternoon. Thank you Randles yes i happy you are better .... thank you Lina Randles you are so sweet to me. love to see more photos of you too. Lina You are a good teacher Randles yes thank you.... this is me today in the park. Lina I like to talking to you Randles yes i like talking to you too me at man ito park japanese garden in town Lina Wow you are very handsome Randles you are cute too Lina Randles Randles yes happy too Lina I am going take a shower Randles very nice..... have fun Lina See you tomorrow Randles hope too. i may go out of town 2 days 4 camping 7/9/18, 2:40 PM Randles hope you are better today.... you and your leg too 7/9/18, 5:03 PM Lina I am good and my leg is good too . 7/10/18, 6:44 PM Randles very nice you better. 7/11/18, 3:21 PM Randles are you going to hot tub today ? 7/11/18, 4:38 PM Lina I will go gym now Randles o.k. see you soon thank you. my newest photo 2 days ago Lina After twenty minutes Randles o.k. its good Lina Ok Randles in 20mins at gym 7/13/18, 1:57 PM Lina I am in the gym now 7/15/18, 1:08 PM Randles so hello today and hope all is well with you. .... i did not sell the sport car. 7/18/18, 8:36 PM Randles Lina Randles HELLO TODAY hope you are o.k. Lina I am good How are you Randles i'm good too.... working at home all day today. Lina I writing homework Randles very nice job. very hot lately. love to see more photos of you too. Lina I haven’t photos Randles older one from cc international Lina Randles nice.... hot tub next.... bye now Lina Good Lina How about the woman in the middle? She is beautiful Goodbye! I writing homework 7/20/18, 2:16 PM Randles yes she is nice looking. 7/25/18, 8:36 PM Randles so hello.... i'm camping 4 days this week 7/27/18, 5:44 PM Lina I went to the party this morning and just returned home. There was a traffic jam on the road. Lina I will go to the hot bath tonight. 9 o'clock tomorrow morning. My teacher led the students to pick up Hagbury. Welcome to join us. 7/27/18, 7:49 PM Lina 1 I am in the gym now. Lina I’m living the gym 7/31/18, 7:10 PM Randles yes hello to you.... very nice pics thank you.... very hot last days.... home how..... hot tub is over now. i last the gym at 6.45 pm today.... got to gym at 5;30 pm...... going out 4 taco now... or soon 7/31/18, 10:15 PM Lina I went to the gym after class today. I left the gym at four in the afternoon. Hope everything is fine with you! the weather is too hot for you See you soon Good bye 8/8/18, 2:40 PM Lina I am in the gym now Yesterday I want to the Luicetion City Lina Long time no see . Are you everything ok ？ I miss you 8/8/18, 7:23 PM Randles i'm good ... thank you.... i miss talking to you also.... out of town 10 days camping... thanks Randles hot tub soon.... maybe about 9.15 pm tonight. Lina It is to late for me. I doing my homework now . Randles yes its o.k..... to hot this week ? Lina enjoy your hot tub Randles nice photos of you too.... the big dog is at ? Lina I don't feel hot. Randles my home is cool.... but outside over a 100+ how your english class gone this year ? Lina Lewiston, Idaho Randles very nice Lina My English class ended on August 23. Randles yes i see.... i how help with englist too english Lina thank you for your help English Randles thing are good 4 you at home too ? Lina I don't understand this sentence. I am at home now. I am doing homework Randles how are you and your hasband doing this hot summer time. Lina I am taking an English class from Monday to Thursday. Jerry goes golfing on Wednesday and Thursday. Randles hope you are getting out to the park to see the flower etc. Lina You are very busy this summer. Randles camping a little.... i'm home again now. Lina Ok some day Randles you busy too. Lina I need to say good bye 。I am writing homework. Randles i want to take you Manito Park was officially established in April 1904 o.k. good bye now.... thanks for talking ! Lina see you next time. Thanks for talking to me Lina Randles thanks lina Lina Randles you are so nice to me all the time. 8/12/18, 3:40 PM Randles hot tub today ? i'm going at 5'15 pm sunday. 8/12/18, 6:47 PM Lina The leg on my left is very swollen. I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I need to rest for a few days. Enjoy hot tub. See you next time. 8/16/18, 2:33 PM Randles yes thanks.... your leg is bad again..... you are working out too much ? hope you get better soon. 8/22/18, 10:48 AM Lina Tomorrow school party and then finish the class My school is on holiday since Friday. Lina 8/22/18, 2:10 PM Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. 8/23/18, 2:44 PM Randles yes hope you are doing better now. Lina Thank you I’m in the gym now and I am going home Randles o.k. is the hot open now ? i can come see you if you want me too at the gym now Lina Ok . I am sitting in the hall. Randles o.k. it will take me ten mins. to get to you. Lina Ok See you soon 8/26/18, 2:15 PM Randles i got a new bike today. a very fast one Lina Wow. it is very beautiful Randles yes thank you... hot tub today ? Lina Not yet . Randles let me know... maybe i can go too. Lina Are you want to go? Randles yes i have the car info 4 you. Lina 4pm? Randles o.k. 4 pm is good 4 me Lina Ok See you soon Randles o.k. love to see pics of you in china Lina I will there before 4pm Randles o.k. thank you me friend Lina I will show you Randles thank you. I the park today Lina Anytime Randles see you 4 pm today Lina You are happy boy Ok Randles yes and you a happy girl Lina Where are you now? Randles at home now with my kitty Lina Are we going to the gym now? Randles 4 pm Lina Ok? Randles see at 4 pm is good Lina Ok See you at 4pm Randles you are so nice to me. Lina Randles Lina See you later Randles Lina Randles bye too 8/27/18, 8:09 PM Randles this photo is in town 2 years ago 8/28/18, 12:30 PM Lina Wow. look at the very cold in Spokane. I will go gym at the 1.30pm. Are you want to go? 8/28/18, 8:47 PM Randles not home today.... in town now... thanks 8/28/18, 10:24 PM Lina My professional photo 8/29/18, 2:09 PM Randles very nice one.... how are you today..... you want to help me with my tax ? 8/29/18, 3:17 PM Randles Li..... The meaning of the name Li is Pretty, Powerful. The origin of the name Li is Chinese. This is the culture in which the name originated, or in the case of a word, the language. If used for a female, this name means "pretty." For a male, "powerful." Lina I went to Shaoling's house this morning. We walked out from Shaoling's house. Her neighbor's dog jumped out of the fence and wanted to bite us. Jump first and want to bite Shaoling. Shaoling used a hat to drive it away. Then when it jumped up and bit me, I fell and shouted. Her neighbor came out to stop and apologize. Lina How can I help you with tax? Do you want to go to the gym today? What time you want to go? I can do it any time. 8/30/18, 2:53 PM Lina I’m in the gym now. 9/1/18, 1:00 PM Lina Hello there! I am at the gym now. Do you have time to come over? 我们可以出去玩一天。如果你有空闲时间。 We can go out for some day. If you have freetime. 9/1/18, 2:22 PM Randles yes hello today.... it is nice of you to have free time 4 me.... i'm going to the hottub today at 3pm saturday.... thanks 4 the birthday wishes too. 9/1/18, 3:48 PM Lina I am already home. Because today is the weekend no one is there Randles its o.k. hope you have a nice weekend too..... 9/3/18, 10:58 AM Lina I will go gym at 1:00pm Are you want to go ? 9/4/18, 5:49 PM Randles sorry thank you.... i'm at the gym up north spokane today..... thank you.... Lina Randles Lina Randles you o.k. i'm going to dinner soon. hope you are doing good my friend.... Lina My face is allergic without going to the gym today Thank you Goodbye Lina 9/5/18, 1:28 PM Randles hope you get better soon. 9/6/18, 7:53 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 9/7/18, 4:47 PM Randles i'm good today.... going to the fair next ! Lina I’m in the gym now Lina Lina Have fun. Randles thank you.... i left the hot tub already today. Lina We missed I am living now Randles sorry i missed you as you are fun to talk too. Lina I am leaving now Randles o.k. dinner time 4 you. Lina No only me here Randles ? you at gym now Lina Yes. I go take a shower. Randles very nice... i wash your back 4 you... Lina Thank you. No dinner for me. Randles you going home to eat.... i think Lina My friend had lunch at my house, I was too full. Randles very nice.... sound fun Lina I have lunch at three o'clock Randles yes i ate already too. Lina I am going to take a shower now Bye bey Randles thanks 4 talking bye 9/11/18, 3:23 PM Randles your daughter got married yesterday. She is currently studying for a Ph.D. in California.... i do not see you in the photos.... you did not go to her wedding ? Lina I did not go back to China, I did not attend her Chinese wedding. I have attended her church wedding in the United States. 9/12/18, 7:18 PM Randles very nice.... i'm thinking you said she in calif..... anyways she looking very nice in her chinese wedding.... i'm happy 4 her and you too. 9/13/18, 1:48 PM Lina Thank you. you are very nice man. Lina Lina 9/13/18, 5:48 PM Randles thanks and you are a very nice woman.... and i'm happy to help you with your english too.... Randles Randles me and my kitty 9/14/18, 4:28 PM Randles hot tub closed last night.... is it open today ? Lina I don't know, I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I want to ask you to have a buffet at noon next Tuesday. Do you have time? We meet at the gym in the morning and go to the pearl buffet together. ok?? 9/15/18, 4:08 PM Randles so hello... i do not know about tuesday yet.... my best days to go out are wed. thru saturday ! and pearl buffet is at ? 1 PEARLY China Buffet 8721 S. Lincoln Rd., Deer Park, WA 99208 Lina If you don't have time on Tuesday, we can change the time or cancel. No problem. Lina Thank you for helping me in teaching me English. I just want to say thank you. Randles how about any day wed. thur sat. ? 9/17/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you today ? 9/21/18, 1:52 PM Randles so happy birthday to your man jerry rye..... hope you both have a good and happy day ! Lina Thank you. we just ate lunch go home . Randles very nice.... birthday cake and ice cream next ? Lina We will eat ice cream cake at night. I want to go to the gym to lose weight now. I hope to see you in. Randles yes i see... gym now. so you at the gym now ? let me know time ? Lina I am living now. Randles o.k. see you in 30 mins. Lina See you at gym. Randles 9/21/18, 4:50 PM Randles yes hello today.... no pics to see.... gone o.k. the pics are back now... funny facebook 9/22/18, 12:29 PM Randles me downtown water falls and clock tower ! 9/22/18, 2:29 PM Lina We just got home from the valley fest. Have fun 9/23/18, 4:36 PM Randles very nice.... i did valley fest.... saturday very nice time too. p.s. i gave away 1.000 hawaiian lay to the kids. from the old show gun place. Lina You are a good man. I am cooking dinner. I will go to the gym after dinner. Randles very nice thank you ..... i buy the old showgun warehouse land in spokane 4 years... so i got 1.000 hawaiian lay.... old pics from inside old showgun... yes i clean it up ..... over 20 weeks to clean up.... thanks 4 your nice words to me. 9/23/18, 5:48 PM Lina I just finished my dinner. I will be at the gym before seven o'clock. Is it your old house? It is very clean. 9/24/18, 12:29 PM Randles yes hello thank you..... i'm your dog barking ..... bow wow..... come take me 4 a talk daily....lol Lina Thank you for the conversation last night. Say thank you for your good friend.I am in the class now. 9/24/18, 7:02 PM Randles you are welcome.... you talk about having a dog..... so i say.... bow wow..... come take me 4 a walk....lol Lina I like dogs, but I don't have a dog. Jerry likes cats because he doesn't have to go out. I am in the gym now. Randles i'm being funny.... i'm your dog now..... you can take me 4 a walk... bow wow.... lina Lina Today is the Mid-Autumn Festival. In China Randles 4 you Lina Hahaha, you are fany. I like your humor. Randles thank you. Lina Thank you so much. Randles you are a fun woman to talk with too. Lina I am not very talkative. I am a relatively boring person. Randles i think you are fun 4 me..... and you are cute too. Lina I'm going to take a shower. Goodbye Randles o.k. bye now.... thanks 4 talking to me. Lina Randles bye now..... you are not relatively boring person to me..... i love talking to you and see the photos from you. to help you with your english. 9/25/18, 6:04 PM Lina No I am at home. Are you want to go eat lunch Tomorrow ? Randles yes sound nice Timber Creek Grill Buffet maybe in valley ? Lina Ok see you at gym . Randles time ? Lina Before 12:30 Randles o.k. you want me at the gym like 11 am ? or 11.30 or noon ? Lina you decide 11:30am ok Randles o.k. gym at 11;30 am.... very nice.... hope you are well today ? Lina Ok Thank you. see you tomorrow morning. Randles nice.... looking at a map of your home town.... wow population of 6,913,800 Lina Yes very big City. Randles nice... town population is 220,000 only Lina Deer Park small town and country . Randles yes it is.... i'm born in town 1960 Lina You are country men A Mae Randles country man.... but live in the city boy ! lol Lina No.look like country man Lina Randles thank you lina Lina lol you are welcome Randles you do not look like a relatively boring person .... as you think you are ! Lina I am not a smart woman. I am a stupid person. Randles very sad..... you are a smart woman to me. Lina Ok say good bye see you tomorrow. Randles bye in china you are very smart.... you are only slow in usa.... as you learn english better ! Lina Good night have a nice day dream Lina Randles yes you too.... sweet dreams always. Randles Lina I went to the hospital this afternoon and I will injected my leg on Thursday afternoon. So tomorrow I will not go out with you after class. Thank you for helping me learn English. Thank you again 10/4/18, 1:24 PM Randles yes hello... hope you are o.k. too.... thank you 4 lunch the other day too.... i hope you enjoyed yourself... with all the english names animals... pics 4 you to show your english friends in china or overseas etc. 10/10/18, 6:04 PM Lina Hi I am in the gym now Randles yes hello.... hope you are good ? Lina Randles i left gym 20 mins ago Randles you are still my close friend.... your english teacher ! i'm still here 4 you. Lina Thank you very much I am going swimming now. Lina Randles o.k. have fun. 10/15/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you and your legs ? 10/24/18, 9:37 PM Lina thank you. My leg are much better now. After class I will go to the gym tomorrow. Are you going to the gym tomorrow? Are you everything ok? 10/31/18, 3:58 PM Lina Wow you are very luck and happy. long time no see. Are you all right? 11/6/18, 1:44 PM Randles i'm o.k..... you not talking to much to me.... nice photo thank you. 11/6/18, 6:18 PM Randles i do not know best time to meet you at hot tub... 11/10/18, 3:26 PM Randles i made it home o.k.... it started snow wow... i parked the car 4 winter now. hope all is well with you too.... your english teacher in 2018 11/13/18, 6:52 PM Lina I go to school and gym every day. Secondary rehabilitation training every week. When winter comes, you have to take care. 11/21/18, 5:18 PM Randles happy thanksgiving dinner to you. hope you have a good day too. 11/22/18, 11:48 AM Lina Happy thanksgiving 感恩节快乐 11/24/18, 2:15 PM Randles 谢谢 - 丽娜是个很好的朋友。 12/11/18, 11:35 AM Randles hope you are o.k. Lina I am going to the gym now. I want to see you at gym. I am okay thank you 12/11/18, 3:48 PM Randles i'm not in town today..... sorry.. yesi love to see and talk to you also... your friend ! 12/11/18, 8:52 PM Lina Hope everything is fine with you! I am at the gym every day. Merry Christmas 12/12/18, 5:09 PM Randles very nice... i left the gym about 30 mins ago today 12/18/18, 3:07 PM Randles i love to show you very nice x-mas lights in spokane... if you like to see ? you can drive too.... let me know ? like 4pm to 6pm at night. 12/24/18, 11:43 AM Lina Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! Lina 12/27/18, 11:35 AM Randles yes thank you.... Merry Christmas and Happy New Year and Chinese New Year also Tuesday, February 5 2019.... sorry you missed the lights. hope all is well with you too. 12/28/18, 7:12 PM Lina Today is my birthday We went to the airport casino to have a buffet. Wish you a Happy New Year Lina 12/30/18, 2:27 PM Randles yes happy birthday to you also... very nice day 4 you. this is a fireplace.... wow new years years too. Jan 3, 2019, 11:31 AM Randles Jan 3, 2019, 9:55 PM Lina China's night scene is very beautiful. Deer Park is like a big countryside Jan 4, 2019, 1:09 PM Randles yes very nice one Jan 31, 2019, 4:09 PM Randles so hello and happy end of Jan 31 2019 Randles May 21, 2019, 8:22 PM Randles hello to you... hope all is well with you too. posted my new pics today wild flowers etc. Lina You are very handsome. I am in Los Angeles now. I will go back in town next month. Jun 12, 2019, 7:40 PM Randles you are sweet too.... love to see some pics of you in LA. hope all is well with you too. you go to china to in march ? i miss talking and helping you with you english too.... Happy New Year 2020 Wishes Lina from Me. Randles As new year is celebrated on the very first day of every year and there is a national holiday on this particular occasion in some countries. Everyone take the advantage of that holiday and celebrate this day with their loved ones. Every community in this world or every single religion present on this earth celebrate Happy new year with full of fun and excitement. Start the first day of a New year with happiness by sharing your feelings with the other person who is very close to your heart through these amazing Happy new year wishes. As wishes are very important you can express your care, love by wishing that person. Randles Jan 1, 2020, 11:44 AM Lina Happy New year In 2020, all dreams come true. something or someone has made an extremely favourable impression of you. Lina I am at my friend’s house now About 2:30pm, I will be here. Randles can i meet you today at ? gym 2;30 pm ? Lina Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Why are you scared Lina? After Shirlee Fen fin told me something about you, it scared me. So she told you ? Lina i have no answer for you... o.k. but i never talk to Shirlee in-person... we only sent text to each other in China... So you are still scared ? No Answers from Lina ever. Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen fin or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Randles Min-hun Ceremonial Marriage Mín-hūn, also known as a ghost marriage or spirit marriage, is a traditional Chinese custom where one or both parties in a marriage are deceased. This practice, which dates back to the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), is rooted in beliefs about ancestor worship and the afterlife, where it is thought that an unmarried person's spirit may feel lonely and cause harm if not properly paired. The primary purpose is to ensure the deceased's contentment in the afterlife and prevent them from haunting the living. The ceremony, known as míng hūn (冥婚), involves rituals similar to a living marriage, including the use of a matchmaker, the negotiation of dowry (often in the form of paper tributes offered to the dead), and a formal banquet. The deceased can be represented by a spirit tablet, a paper effigy, or, in some cases, their actual corpse. A crucial part of the ritual, especially in historical and rural practices, is the reburial of the deceased bride's remains within the groom's grave to symbolize their union. While the practice is illegal and very rare in modern China, it persists in some rural areas, particularly in northern China. The tradition has been linked to a black market for female corpses, driven by a significant gender imbalance and the demand for brides, both living and dead. Cases have been reported where families have dug up graves to sell a deceased daughter's body for a ghost marriage, sometimes leading to further exploitation when the body is resold. The practice has also been associated with criminal activities, including murder, to obtain corpses for sale. The custom is not limited to China; similar traditions exist in other cultures, such as in Sudan, India, and parts of Europe, though the specific rituals and beliefs vary. In Taiwan, the tradition differs, with a deceased woman typically being married to a living man, and the man being free to remarry. Lina I feel you and me are close friends over 10 years now. Both of are chakras mind body and soul are together now in life. This refers to energy are centers in the body that are believed to influence physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. These chakras are positioned along the spine, from the base to the crown of the head, and each has its own unique characteristics, including color, element, and psychological themes. The idea of East meet West and our chakras becoming "one" is often associated with the concept of spiritual awakening or enlightenment, where the energy centers are in perfect harmony, allowing for a deeper connection to the self and the universe. In summary Lina, You and Me and Are seven chakras are energy centers in the body that, when balanced, contribute to a state of harmony and well-being. The concept of the chakras becoming "one" is a metaphor for achieving a balanced and harmonious state of being, which is often associated with spiritual growth and enlightenment as you and me are close friends over 10 years now.. In Chinese traditions, the focus is often on the balance of yin and yang, and the flow of qi through meridians. Practices such as tai chi and qigong are designed to cultivate and balance this energy, leading to a state of physical and spiritual harmony. While the term "chakra" is not commonly used in traditional Chinese philosophy, there are analogous concepts such as meridians and energy centers that are central to practices like acupuncture and qigong. These systems focus on the flow of vital energy, or "qi," through the body. The idea of "body and flesh becoming one" is more aligned with the goals of certain meditative and energy practices, where the practitioner aims to harmonize the physical and energetic aspects of the body. Hi Randles, Thank you for your message to me. I’m sorry, but my English is not very good, and I couldn’t fully understand everything you wrote there were too many ellipses, and some parts were unclear to me. So please allow me to respond simply by expressing my own thoughts. We met at the gym nearly ten years ago. At that time, I truly was alone I didn’t know anyone, and I had no friends in the community. I went to the gym twice a day just to pass the time. I started talking with you because I wanted to learn English. You were always patient and polite, and I sincerely appreciated that. I saw you as an English teacher, and I tried to learn from you with respect. To this day, my English is still limited, and I don’t feel comfortable speaking on the phone in English. I have difficulty expressing myself clearly. But please understand I am not weak or helpless. I used to be a professional basketball player. I don’t share my struggles easily with anyone, and I have never asked anyone including Jerry for help. Life is not always easy. We all have our challenges and make our own choices. I’m focused on my own life now, and I hope you will do the same. I truly wish you good health and peace. Thank you again for the help you gave me with English. As we say in Chinese: “Once a teacher, always a teacher.” Take care, Lina p.s. don't forget to put me in your will... before you die... lol July 4th 2025 !

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1005th Video... Real Life in China! Mind-Blowing Facts About China And It's Peoples Travel Document!￰ﾟ China: A Civilization Of Ancient Wonders Futuristic Megacities And Undeniable Global Power. From the Great Wall to Shanghai's dazzling skyline, it presents an image of unstoppable progress and immense national pride. But behind the economic miracle and state-controlled narrative, what is the true human cost? What hidden realities and moral compromises could lead some to label it a "sinful" nation? This documentary journeys deep inside to reveal the mind-blowing facts of real life in China. ? This groundbreaking documentary investigates the stark contradictions at the heart of the world's most populous country, a place caught between its rich history and its tightly controlled future. We explore the "sins" and uncomfortable truths that define China in 2025: The 'Sin' of Control: The Social Credit System & The Great Firewall The film provides a chilling look at the world's most advanced surveillance state. We investigate the real-world impact of the Social Credit System on citizens' lives and explore how the "Great Firewall" censors information and shapes the thoughts of 1.4 billion people. The Price of Progress: '996' Culture and the Wealth Gap We go beyond the headlines of economic growth to expose its staggering human toll. The documentary examines the brutal "996" work culture (9am-9pm, 6 days a week) and the vast, growing chasm between the new billionaire class and hundreds of millions left behind in rural poverty. Erasing Identity: The Fate of Dissent and Minorities This film dares to address the most sensitive topics, investigating the systematic suppression of ethnic minorities, particularly in the Xinjiang region. We explore the crushing of dissent in Hong Kong and the state's relentless campaign to enforce a single, unified national identity. The Paradox of a Proud People: Discover the complex relationship between the Chinese people and their government. We explore their genuine pride in China's achievements and ancient culture, set against the backdrop of intense censorship, social pressure, and a complete lack of political freedom. ? This is not a state-sponsored tour. It is a rare, unflinching, and deeply human look at the people and pressures inside a nation that is actively reshaping our world for better or for worse. Ready to look behind the headlines and understand the real, complex soul of modern China? Watch now for an unforgettable journey into real life in China! Key Moment : 00:00 – A miniature version of Earth 02:41 – Marrying the dead 05:07 – The thinner, the more beautiful 07:42 – The world’s replica empire 09:59 – Shocked by Chinese toilets 12:04 – Is China quietly controlling the world? 14:35 – The hardest-working people in the world 17:07 – Winnie the Pooh banned in China because… 19:34 – Asia’s strongest “money-making machine” 22:13 – Famous places in China 24:31 – Unsolved mysterious places 26:57 – Strangely diverse cuisine 29:18 – Unique festivals in China 31:23 – Cost of living in China 33:48 – People not using cash... The mission, led by Colonel David D. Barrett, included a mix of military personnel, diplomats, and intelligence officers from the State Department, Army, Navy, Office of Strategic Services (OSS), and Office of War Information (OWI). The Dixie Mission operated until 11 March 1947, but relations deteriorated after World War II ended, as the U.S. government shifted towards a more anti-Communist stance and the Chinese Civil War intensified. Chinese Civil War and Millions American Guns Used By Both Sides Nationalists Chiang Kai-shek’s (1887-1975.) and Communists Mao Zedong (1893-1976.) After Sun Yat-sen's death in 1925, Chiang succeeded him as leader of the Kuomintang and led the Northern Expedition to unify China, establishing the Nationalist government in Nanjing in 1928. He served as head of state of the Republic of China until 1949, when he retreated to Taiwan following his defeat in the Chinese Civil War, where he continued to lead the government-in-exile until his death on April 5, 1975, in Taipei, Taiwan. The Chinese Civil War intensified significantly after the end of World War II, with substantial U.S. military aid to the Nationalist government (KMT) playing a crucial role in escalating the conflict. The United States provided extensive support, including the transportation of over 500,000 KMT troops to key areas in North and Central China, and supplied vast quantities of weapons such as rifles, machine guns, tanks, and artillery, which were used in the civil war. This aid, amounting to four billion dollars in gold, was provided in exchange for strategic rights and was a major factor in the conflict's escalation. The U.S. supplied the Nationalists with millions a wide range of American-made weapons, including the M1 carbine, the P-17 rifle, the Johnson M1941 semi-automatic rifle, and the M3 "Grease Gun" sub-machine gun. These weapons were used by CCP & KMT forces throughout the conflict, with roughly 30% of their small arms being of U.S. origin. The presence of U.S. military forces, including 53,000 Marines stationed in ports like Tientsin and Tsingtao, and the U.S. Seventh Fleet, was seen by the Chinese Communists (CCP) as direct intervention in China's internal affairs, fueling their propaganda and opposition. The CCP viewed the U.S. military presence as a key factor in the war's escalation. The U.S. aid, which included not just weapons but also uniforms, medical supplies, and communication equipment, was instrumental in enabling the KMT to maintain its military strength, although much of this equipment was eventually captured by the Communists. The CCP's propaganda campaign against U.S. intervention intensified after the U.S. Marines landed in Qingdao in 1945, which foiled the CCP's attempt to seize the city and allowed the KMT to hold it until 1949. The CCP's opposition to the U.S. presence was a significant element in their political strategy. The Chinese Civil War, fought primarily between the Nationalists (Kuomintang, KMT) under Chiang Kai-shek and the Communists under Mao Zedong, was a prolonged conflict that resumed in earnest after World War II and culminated in the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The war is generally considered to have spanned from 1945 to 1949, although it had roots in earlier conflicts dating back to 1927. The conflict was marked by a brief interlude during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–45), when the KMT and CCP formed a Second United Front to resist Japanese invasion, though hostilities between the two sides remained common. The United States provided significant support to the Nationalist government during the post-World War II phase of the civil war. This included using U.S. military transportation to move Nationalist troops into key cities and railway lines in eastern and northern China following Japan's surrender in 1945. The U.S. also dispatched General George C. Marshall in December 1945 to mediate peace talks between the KMT and CCP, although these efforts ultimately failed to prevent the resumption of full-scale warfare. Despite this support, the Nationalist government faced challenges due to widespread corruption and mismanagement, which eroded its popular support. The Communist forces, in contrast, gained strength through grassroots support, effective land reform, and superior military organization, and they seized large quantities of weapons from Japanese supplies in Manchuria. While the U.S. provided military aid and transportation to Nationalist forces, the context does not state that American weapons were supplied to the Communist forces. The Communist forces' military strength was built on their own organization, popular support, and that the millions weapons they captured from Japanese forces and U.S.A. Backed Nationalist troops. The context does provide information on the specific number of American guns used by either side, yes we have confirm the use of American arms by the Communists. Why Do The Peoples Of The World Hate China ? Fentanyl ? California Black Reparations ? Really ? A True History How British Opium Destroyed China's Greatest Empire Of The World For 2000 Years And Our True Mandate Of Heaven. The Opium Wars Under the East India Company, Our ancestors were pushed to grow opium instead of food. I carry the memory of a time when our fields were taken from us not by force, but by control. Hunger grew at home while profits sailed away. The wealth it brought built empires, not our villages. “It’s haunting to realize an empire that survived wars and rebellions was ultimately undone by something as small as a puff of smoke. History whispers louder than cannons sometimes.” A True History Of How British Empire Opium Destroyed China's Greatest Empire Mandate Of Heaven - https://rumble.com/v6xl04u-a-true-history-of-how-british-empire-opium-destroyed-chinas-greatest-empire.html It's wild how empires don’t always collapse with gunfire sometimes, they dissolve in silence, puff by puff. So opium went there to China, and now fentanyl comes here to American. This story isn't just about the Qing Dynasty. It's about how human weakness, greed, and misplaced pride can unravel even the most powerful systems. The fact that a foreign substance could unravel centuries of culture and power is chilling. Was it weakness or calculated sabotage? This reminds me how economic control often starts with dependency. How many modern empires are built on something just as fragile? It wasn’t an army that brought the empire to its knees it was a flower turned weapon. How do you fight a war… when the battlefield is inside your mind? Could you have seen it coming? British literally turned 'Plant Trafficking' into an empire-ending superweapon. That’s not history, that’s a villain origin story!” Thank you for this video, it was really fascinating. It’s discussing that Britain led the world in this trade, and went to war to make sure it was continued. I'm English but if I was Chinese I don’t think I would forgive or forget what was done to my country and its people, all in the pursuit of money. I hope my government has apologized at some point. I’m still stunned by the description of foreign merchants making a fortune while entire villages collapsed into drug addiction. And how some of that wealth funded universities and public works in the West? It’s so morally complex that it’s painful to think about. Should we view historical prosperity differently when it comes with such a huge hidden cost? Now i understand the Chinese attitude towards the west and generally why they are so strict on narcotics. I can’t stop thinking, did the people at the time realize it was the beginning of the end, or did it just feel like another bad year? Imagine losing control of one‑third of the world’s wealth… not because of a warship, but because of a pipe. This story feels like a warning for our own time. Mandate of Heaven The Mandate of Heaven (Tianming) is an ancient Chinese political and philosophical concept that served as the foundation for the legitimacy of rulers, particularly emperors, throughout much of Chinese history. Signs of losing the mandate included natural disasters like droughts, famines, floods, and earthquakes, as well as social unrest, peasant uprisings, and foreign invasions, all interpreted as Heaven's displeasure. This concept also provided a theoretical justification for rebellion against an unjust ruler, allowing for dynastic change. The idea persisted through imperial China, influencing political thought until the end of imperial rule in 1911, and continues to be referenced in modern discussions about political legitimacy in China. Opium's Impact on China The Opium Wars, fought between the Qing Dynasty and Western powers in the mid-19th century, were pivotal events that severely weakened China's imperial system and are often seen as the beginning of the end for the Qing Dynasty. The conflict stemmed from a trade imbalance where China exported valuable goods like tea, silk, and porcelain, but Britain had few goods China desired, leading to a massive outflow of silver. To counter this, the British East India Company began smuggling Indian opium into China, which became a highly profitable enterprise. Despite Qing prohibitions on opium dating back to 1729, the addictive nature of the drug led to a massive increase in consumption; by the 1830s, an estimated 10–12 million Chinese were addicted. This addiction drained the empire's silver reserves and caused widespread social and economic disruption. In response, the Daoguang Emperor appointed the hardline official Lin Zexu to suppress the opium trade in 1839. Lin confiscated and destroyed over 20,000 chests of opium (approximately 1,300 tonnes or 2.9 million pounds) in a public ceremony at Humen. This action, while a powerful symbol of resistance, provoked the British government, which saw the destruction of private property as an affront to free trade and demanded compensation. The British government responded by sending a naval expedition, marking the start of the First Opium War. The superior military technology of the British Royal Navy led to decisive victories, culminating in the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. This "Unequal Treaty" forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, open five treaty ports to foreign trade, pay substantial reparations, and grant extraterritorial rights to British citizens. The Second Opium War (1856–1860) further devastated the Qing Dynasty. It was triggered by the seizure of the British-registered ship Arrow and the execution of a French missionary, leading to a coalition of British and French forces. The war resulted in the Treaty of Tientsin (Tianjin), which legalized the opium trade, opened more ports, allowed foreign diplomats to reside in Beijing, and granted missionaries the right to travel and operate freely within China. The war's climax was the burning of the Summer Palace by Anglo-French forces in 1860, a symbolic act of imperial humiliation. These conflicts, along with the massive indemnities and the loss of sovereignty, severely weakened the Qing government's authority and legitimacy. The wars also coincided with internal rebellions, most notably the Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), which killed an estimated 20 million people and further strained the state's resources. The cumulative effect of the Opium Wars, the resulting "Century of Humiliation," and internal strife ultimately contributed to the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. Britain Empire The British Empire was a worldwide system of dependencies, including colonies, protectorates, and other territories, brought under the sovereignty of the crown of Great Britain and the administration of the British government over a span of some three centuries, beginning in the 16th century and lasting until the end of the 20th century. Its foundations were laid with the establishment of overseas settlements in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, such as the failed Roanoke Colony in 1585 and the successful Jamestown settlement in 1607. The empire's growth was driven by maritime expansion, commercial ambitions, and competition with other European powers like France and the Netherlands. Key events included the conquest of Mughal Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which secured British dominance in India, and the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which made Britain dominant in Canada after the Seven Years' War. At its height in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the British Empire became the largest empire in history and the foremost global power for over a century. By 1920, it covered 35.5 million km² (13.7 million sq mi), approximately 24% of the Earth's total land area, and held sway over 412 million people, representing 23% of the world's population at the time. This vast reach led to the description of the empire as "the empire on which the sun never sets," as the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories. The period of relative peace and dominance from 1815 to 1914 was later termed Pax Britannica. The empire's decline began after the First World War, accelerated by the Second World War, and was marked by the independence of India in 1947 and the Suez Crisis of 1956. The last significant colony, Hong Kong, was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, symbolizing the end of the empire for many. The British Empire no longer exists, but its legacy persists through the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of sovereign states comprising the United Kingdom and many of its former dependencies, which acknowledge the British monarch as a symbolic head. British Opium War China The narrative of the British Empire's opium trade leading to the decline of China's Qing dynasty and the erosion of its Mandate of Heaven is a complex historical interpretation, often framed by the events of the Opium Wars. The First Opium War (1839–1842) was triggered when the Qing government, under Emperor Daoguang, tasked Commissioner Lin Zexu with enforcing a ban on opium, which had become rampant due to British and American smuggling. Lin confiscated and publicly destroyed over 1,420 tonnes of opium in 1839, a decisive act that provoked the British government. The British, motivated by the immense profits from the opium trade Britain's single most profitable commodity of the 19th century and the need to protect their merchants' interests, responded by sending a naval expedition. The conflict was not solely about opium; it also involved disputes over trade rights, diplomatic equality, and the principle of free trade. The war highlighted the technological and military superiority of the British Royal Navy, which used steam-powered ships and advanced weaponry to inflict a series of decisive defeats on the Qing forces, who relied on antiquated weapons and ships. The war concluded with the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, the first of the "Unequal Treaties," which forced China to cede Hong Kong Island to Britain, open five treaty ports to foreign trade, pay a large indemnity, and grant extraterritorial rights to British citizens. This treaty, and the subsequent Second Opium War (1856–1860), which resulted in the legalization of the opium trade and further concessions, are seen by many Chinese historians as the beginning of a "Century of Humiliation," a period during which foreign powers undermined Chinese sovereignty and authority. While the opium trade was a central catalyst, the decline of the Qing dynasty was influenced by a confluence of factors, including internal corruption, population pressures, and the devastating Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), which claimed an estimated 20 million lives. The term "Mandate of Heaven," a traditional Chinese philosophical concept justifying the emperor's rule, was increasingly questioned as the Qing government failed to protect the nation from foreign aggression and internal collapse. The Opium Wars are thus often viewed as a pivotal moment that shattered the Qing's legitimacy in the eyes of its people and marked the beginning of the end for imperial China, paving the way for the eventual fall of the dynasty in 1912. The legacy of these conflicts continues to influence modern Chinese nationalism and foreign policy, with leaders like Xi Jinping invoking the "Century of Humiliation" to promote a vision of national rejuvenation. The Opium Wars in the mid-19th century were a critical juncture in modern Chinese history. The first Opium War was fought between China and Great Britain from 1839 to 1842. In the second Opium War, from 1856 to 1860, a weakened China fought both Great Britain and France. China lost both wars. The terms of its defeat were a bitter pill to swallow: China had to cede the territory of Hong Kong to British control, open treaty ports to trade with foreigners, and grant special rights to foreigners operating within the treaty ports. In addition, the Chinese government had to stand by as the British increased their opium sales to people in China. The British did this in the name of free trade and without regard to the consequences for the Chinese government and Chinese people. The lesson that Chinese students learn today about the Opium Wars is that China should never again let itself become weak, ‘backward,’ and vulnerable to other countries. As one British historian says, “If you talk to many Chinese about the Opium War, a phrase you will quickly hear is ‘luo hou jiu yao ai da,’ which literally means that if you are backward, you will take a beating.” In 1839, the British imposed on China their version of free trade and insisted on the legal right of their citizens (that is, British citizens) to do what they wanted, wherever they wanted. Chinese critics point out that while the British made lofty arguments about the ‘principle’ of free trade and individual rights, they were in fact pushing a product (opium) that was illegal in their own country. There are different viewpoints on what was the main underlying factor in Britain’s involvement in the Opium Wars. Some in the west claim that the Opium Wars were about upholding the principle of free trade. Others, however, say that Great Britain was acting more in the interest of protecting its international reputation while it was facing challenges in other parts of the world, such as the Near East, India, and Latin America. Some American historians have argued that these conflicts were not so much about opium as they were about western powers’ desire to expand commercial relations more broadly and to do away with the Canton trading system. Finally, some western historians say the war was fought at least partly to keep China’s balance of trade in a deficit, and that opium was an effective way to do that, even though it had very negative impacts on Chinese society. It is important to point out that not everyone in Britain supported the opium trade in China. In fact, members of the British public and media, as well as the American public and media, expressed outrage over their countries’ support for the opium trade. From China’s historical perspective, the first Opium War was the beginning of the end of late Imperial China, a powerful dynastic system and advanced civilization that had lasted thousands of years. The war was also the first salvo in what is now referred to in China as the “century of humiliation.” This humiliation took many forms. China’s defeat in both wars was a sign that the Chinese state’s legitimacy and ability to project power were weakening. The Opium Wars further contributed to this weakening. The unequal treaties that western powers imposed on China undermined the ways China had conducted relations with other countries and its trade in tea. The continuation of the opium trade, moreover, added to the cost to China in both silver and in the serious social consequences of opium addiction. Furthermore, the many rebellions that broke out within China after the first Opium War made it increasingly difficult for the Chinese government to pay its tax and huge indemnity obligations. Present-day Chinese historians see the Opium Wars as a wars of aggression that led to the hard lesson that “if you are ‘backward,’ you will take a beating.” These lessons shaped the rationale for the Chinese Revolution against imperialism and feudalism that emerged, and then succeeded, decades later. 1839-1842: First Opium (First Anglo-Chinese) War. Treaty of Nanking signed (1842) ending the First Opium War. China to pay large indemnity and extraterritoriality and most favored nation principle established in China 1856-1860: The Second Opium (Anglo-Chinese)War. Convention of Peking signed ending the war, opening eleven more Chinese cities to foreign trade, freedom of religion now allowed in China, legalized opium, Britain, France, Russia and U.S. est. diplomatic legations in Peking, foreign commercial vessels allowed on Yangtze and the right of foreigners to travel throughout China. 1850-1864: Taiping Rebellion-most deadliest civil rebellion to date. Approximately 20 million killed. 1861: Tongzhi reign. Rise of power of Empress Dowager Cixi. 1882: Chinese Exclusion Act passed in the United States severely limiting immigration. 1884-1885: China defeated in war with France. Establishment of French Indo-China. 1894-1895: Sino-Japanese War. China defeated. Treaty of Shimonoseki signed. 1895-1900: Establishment of concessions in Shanghai and other coastal cities. 1900: Boxer Siege (Boxer Rebellion) of Beijing; lifted by eight allied armies. A year later Boxer Protocol signed. 1905: Sun Yat-sen establishes the Revolutionary Alliance, precursor to GMD (Guómindӑng-Nationalist Party). Abolition of the civil service examination. 1911: The First People’s Republic of China Proclaimed, fall of the Manchu Qing Dynasty (founded in 1644.) 1912: Sun inaugurated as first president of Republic of China (ROC). He abdicates. 1914: World War I begins. China is allied with United States and Great Britain. 1915: Yuan Shikai (Sun’s successor as President) negotiates Japan’s Twenty-one Demands. 1915: New Youth magazine launched, New Culture movement begins . 1916-1926: Warlord period. 1919: Treaty of Versailles signed – Shandong in dispute. 1919: May 4th Movement (student-led anti-Japanese, anti-warlord, multi-class movement) Sparked in protest to China’s treatment at Versailles. 1921: Founding of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shanghai. 1926-1927: First United Front alliance between Nationalists and CCP. 1924: Johnson-Reed Immigration Act excluding all immigration from Asia. 1925: Sun Yat-sen dies; May 30th Movement begins (multi-class, anti-imperialist struggle.) 1926-1927: Northern Expedition (anti-warlord military campaign) begins. Led by General Chiang Kai-shek reunifies China under Nationalist government. 1927: Nationalists launch anti-communist purge. Nanjing Decade begins. 1931: Japanese expansion in Manchuria (Mukden Incident.) 1934: Chiang Kai-shek’s New Life Movement begins. 1934: Long March Communist headquarters in Yenan under leadership of Mao Zedong (1893-1976.) 1936: Xian Incident (Chiang Kai-shek kidnapped until he agrees to ally with CCP.) July 7, 1937: Marco Polo Bridge Incident in China initiates invasion of mainland China. Battle of Shanghai follows from mid August-November followed by the occupation of Beijing and the then capital city, Nanjing. December 13, 1937: Nanjing occupied. Height of mass violence lasts until February 1938. Nanjing remains an occupied city throughout World War II in China. On December 13, 1937, Japanese forces captured Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, following the Battle of Nanking. This event marked the beginning of the Nanjing Massacre, also known as the Rape of Nanjing, a period of mass murder, rape, looting, and arson committed by soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army. The atrocities began immediately after the city's capture and continued for several weeks, with widespread killings of Chinese civilians and surrendered soldiers, systematic rape of women and girls, and the destruction of a significant portion of the city. The massacre is considered one of the worst wartime atrocities in history. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East estimated approximately 20,000 cases of rape during the first month of the occupation. Other sources provide a broader range, with estimates for the number of women raped ranging from 20,000 to as many as 80,000. These figures include women of all ages, from young girls to elderly women, and describe systematic, often gang, rapes followed by mutilation and murder. 1937-1945: Span of World War II in mainland Asia. World War II in Asia The period from 1937 to 1945 constitutes the span of World War II in mainland Asia, primarily defined by the Second Sino-Japanese War, which began with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937, when a clash between Japanese and Chinese troops escalated into a full-scale invasion of China. This conflict was a major theater of the broader Pacific War and marked the beginning of World War II in Asia for many historians. Japan's invasion led to widespread atrocities, including the Nanking Massacre, where approximately 300,000 to 500,000 civilians were killed. The war in Asia intensified after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, which brought the United States into the conflict and merged the China-Burma-India Theater with the wider Pacific War. The war in Asia concluded with Japan's surrender on August 15, 1945, following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Soviet Union's invasion of Manchuria. The conflict resulted in extensive casualties, with estimates suggesting between 10 and 25 million Chinese civilians and over 4 million military personnel died from war-related violence, famine, and other causes. 1938: Chiang Kai-shek moves capital to Chungking in early 1938. 1939: Outbreak of World War II in Europe. The Flying Tigers, officially known as the First American Volunteer Group (AVG), were a unit of American pilots recruited by retired U.S. Army Captain Claire L. Chennault to fight against Japanese forces in China and Burma during 1941–1942. Formed to assist the Republic of China Air Force in its resistance against the Japanese invasion, the group operated under a secret agreement authorized by President Franklin D. Roosevelt before the U.S. entered World War II. The group achieved a remarkable combat record, officially credited with destroying 296 enemy aircraft while losing only 14 pilots in combat. They played a crucial role in protecting the vital Burma Road supply route, providing air cover for the Chinese capital of Chungking, and defending key areas in southwestern China. On July 4, 1942, the AVG was disbanded and its members were absorbed into the U.S. Army Air Forces, becoming the nucleus of the China Air Task Force, which was later reorganized into the 14th Air Force under Chennault’s command. 1941: U.S. enters war after Imperial Army attack on Pearl Harbor-December 7th. 1945: Soviet Union enters war against Japan (August 9th) invading Manchuria. First atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (August 7th) and Nagasaki (August 9th.) Japan surrenders August 15, 1945. End of World War II in Asia. 1946: International Military Tribunal for the Far East, or the Tokyo Trials begins. The United States occupies Japan under provisions of surrender. Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal also begins. 1945-1949: Civil War between Nationalists and Communists Chinese Civil War 1945-1949 The Chinese Civil War, primarily fought between the Nationalists (Kuomintang, KMT) under Chiang Kai-shek and the Communists (Chinese Communist Party, CCP) under Mao Zedong from 1945 to 1949, resulted in millions of casualties. This period followed the end of World War II and the collapse of the Second United Front, which had united the two parties against the Japanese invasion. Although a brief ceasefire and peace talks occurred in 1945, hostilities resumed as both sides competed for control of key cities and resources in northern China and Manchuria. The conflict intensified after the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Manchuria, triggering a scramble for territory. The war culminated in the Communist victory, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949, and the retreat of the Nationalist government and approximately two million troops and civilians to the island of Taiwan. The Nationalist forces, having lost control of mainland China, established a government on Taiwan, which they claimed was the legitimate government of all China. The war inflicted massive suffering on China's civilian population, with estimates suggesting up to 2.5 million people died during the 1945-1949 phase, and the total death toll for the entire civil war period (1927-1949) may have exceeded six million. 1949: People’s Republic of China begins? People's Republic of China Begins The People's Republic of China (PRC) was formally established on October 1, 1949, following the victory of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang (KMT). On this date, CCP Chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed the founding of the PRC from the Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, marking the culmination of decades of conflict that had begun in the 1920s. This event ended the civil war, with the KMT retreating to Taiwan, where it established the Republic of China (ROC) government. The proclamation was made during a mass celebration in Tiananmen Square, and the new national anthem, "March of the Volunteers," was played while the Five-starred Red Flag was hoisted for the first time. The PRC's establishment followed the CCP's control of most of mainland China by 1949, and the government was formally announced earlier, on September 21, 1949, at the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Chinese Nationalists and Taiwan The claim that Chinese Nationalists killed millions of people after taking over Taiwan is not supported by historical evidence. The February 28 incident in 1947, an anti-government uprising in Taiwan, was violently suppressed by the Kuomintang–led Nationalist government, resulting in a significant loss of life. Estimates of the death toll from the incident and its aftermath range between 18,000 and 28,000 people, with some estimates being lower. This event occurred shortly after the Republic of China took over administrative control of Taiwan following Japan's surrender at the end of World War II in 1945. The suppression was followed by a period known as the "White Terror," during which the Nationalist government ruled under martial law and persecuted perceived political dissidents for 38 years. However, there is some credible evidence indicating that the Nationalists killed millions of people after taking over Taiwan. White Terror Period The White Terror refers to a period of authoritarian rule and political repression in Taiwan that lasted from 1949 until the end of martial law in 1987, a duration of 38 years. This era began after the Kuomintang (KMT), having lost the Chinese Civil War, retreated to Taiwan and imposed martial law in 1949. The KMT government persecuted perceived political dissidents, including those suspected of advocating for Taiwanese independence or being communist collaborators, as well as apolitical civilians. The period was marked by widespread imprisonment, torture, and execution, with estimates of the death toll ranging from 10,000 to more than 30,000, and over 100,000 people imprisoned for political reasons. The initial violence of the 228 Incident in 1947, which sparked the period, was followed by the formal establishment of martial law, and discussion of the events was considered taboo for decades. The White Terror officially ended with the lifting of martial law in 1987, although its legacy continues to impact Taiwan's society and politics. True Chinese Cultural Revolution Decade And Tiananmen Square Protests Massacre - https://rumble.com/v2p60ry-true-chinese-cultural-revolution-decade-and-tiananmen-square-protests-massa.html The Chinese Revolution spanned much of the 20th century and would become a transformative event in world history. Its outcomes continue to shape China and its region and resonate through our modern world. Today, the People’s Republic of China is one of the most powerful nations on Earth. With its huge population, a diverse economy worth around $US18 trillion per annum as of 2023, and the most imposing military force in Asia, China appears destined to become the world’s preeminent superpower. Despite this, China was a comparative latecomer to the modern world. At the turn of the 20th century, the Chinese nation was fragmented and still mired in the past. Its government was dominated by feudal monarchs who claimed to rule on behalf of heaven. Its economy was largely agricultural, carried by laboring peasants, while its social structures, practices and traditions were more medieval than modern. Real True History China And A American Old WW-2 Friends Now Roots of Madness - https://rumble.com/v2ozxnq-real-true-history-china-and-a-american-old-ww-2-friends-now-roots-of-madnes.html Real True History Peoples Of China The Roots of Madness Documentary Film Produced by David L. Wolper, written by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Theodore H. White, and funded by a donation from John and Paige Curran. The film covers China's political history, including Mao Tse-tung, the Boxer Rebellion, and the Nationalist-Communist victory. The program covers a period of one hundred and seventy years of Chinese history. The film has been released under Creative Commons license. It Won an Emmy Award in the Documentary Category. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was formally established, with its national capital at Beijing. "The Chinese people have stood up!" declared Mao as he announced the creation of a "people's democratic dictatorship." The people were defined as a coalition of four social classes: the workers, the peasants, the petite bourgeoisie, and the national-capitalists. The four classes were to be led by the CCP, as the vanguard of the working class. At that time the CCP claimed a membership of 4.5 million, of which members of peasant origin accounted for nearly 90 percent. The party was under Mao's chairmanship, and the government was headed by Zhou Enlai ( 1898-1976) as premier of the State Administrative Council (the predecessor of the State Council). The Soviet Union recognized the People's Republic on October 2, 1949. Earlier in the year, Mao had proclaimed his policy of "leaning to one side" as a commitment to the socialist bloc. In February 1950, after months of hard bargaining, China and the Soviet Union signed the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance, valid until 1980. The pact also was intended to counter Japan or any power's joining Japan for the purpose of aggression. For the first time in decades a Chinese government was met with peace, instead of massive military opposition, within its territory. The new leadership was highly disciplined and, having a decade of wartime administrative experience to draw on, was able to embark on a program of national integration and reform. In the first year of Communist administration, moderate social and economic policies were implemented with skill and effectiveness. The leadership realized that the overwhelming and multitudinous task of economic reconstruction and achievement of political and social stability required the goodwill and cooperation of all classes of people. Results were impressive by any standard, and popular support was widespread. By 1950 international recognition of the Communist government had increased considerably, but it was slowed by China's involvement in the Korean War. In October 1950, sensing a threat to the industrial heartland in northeast China from the advancing United Nations (UN) forces in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), units of the PLA--calling themselves the Chinese People's Volunteers--crossed the YaluJiang () River into North Korea in response to a North Korean request for aid. Almost simultaneously the PLA forces also marched into Xizang to reassert Chinese sovereignty over a region that had been in effect independent of Chinese rule since the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. In 1951 the UN declared China to be an aggressor in Korea and sanctioned a global embargo on the shipment of arms and war materiel to China. This step foreclosed for the time being any possibility that the People's Republic might replace Nationalist China (on Taiwan) as a member of the UN and as a veto-holding member of the UN Security Council. After China entered the Korean War, the initial moderation in Chinese domestic policies gave way to a massive campaign against the "enemies of the state," actual and potential. These enemies consisted of "war criminals, traitors, bureaucratic capitalists, and counterrevolutionaries." The campaign was combined with party-sponsored trials attended by huge numbers of people. The major targets in this drive were foreigners and Christian missionaries who were branded as United States agents at these mass trials. The 1951-52 drive against political enemies was accompanied by land reform, which had actually begun under the Agrarian Reform Law of June 28, 1950. The redistribution of land was accelerated, and a class struggle landlords and wealthy peasants was launched. An ideological reform campaign requiring self-criticisms and public confessions by university faculty members, scientists, and other professional workers was given wide publicity. Artists and writers were soon the objects of similar treatment for failing to heed Mao's dictum that culture and literature must reflect the class interest of the working people, led by the CCP. These campaigns were accompanied in 1951 and 1952 by the san fan ( or "three anti") and wu fan ( or "five anti") movements. The former was directed ostensibly against the evils of "corruption, waste, and bureaucratism"; its real aim was to eliminate incompetent and politically unreliable public officials and to bring about an efficient, disciplined, and responsive bureaucratic system. The wu fan movement aimed at eliminating recalcitrant and corrupt businessmen and industrialists, who were in effect the targets of the CCP's condemnation of "tax evasion, bribery, cheating in government contracts, thefts of economic intelligence, and stealing of state assets." In the course of this campaign the party claimed to have uncovered a well-organized attempt by businessmen and industrialists to corrupt party and government officials. This charge was enlarged into an assault on the bourgeoisie as a whole. The number of people affected by the various punitive or reform campaigns was estimated in the millions. The Transition to Socialism, 1953-57 The period of officially designated "transition to socialism" corresponded to China's First Five-Year Plan (1953-57). The period was characterized by efforts to achieve industrialization, collectivization of agriculture, and political centralization. The First Five-Year Plan stressed the development of heavy industry on the Soviet model. Soviet economic and technical assistance was expected to play a significant part in the implementation of the plan, and technical agreements were signed with the Soviets in 1953 and 1954. For the purpose of economic planning, the first modern census was taken in 1953; the population of mainland China was shown to be 583 million, a figure far greater than had been anticipated. Among China's most pressing needs in the early 1950s were food for its burgeoning population, domestic capital for investment, and purchase of Soviet-supplied technology, capital equipment, and military hardware. To satisfy these needs, the government began to collectivize agriculture. Despite internal disagreement as to the speed of collectivization, which at least for the time being was resolved in Mao's favor, preliminary collectivization was 90 percent completed by the end of 1956. In addition, the government nationalized banking, industry, and trade. Private enterprise in mainland China was virtually abolished. Major political developments included the centralization of party and government administration. Elections were held in 1953 for delegates to the First National People's Congress, China's national legislature, which met in 1954. The congress promulgated the state constitution of 1954 and formally elected Mao chairman (or president) of the People's Republic; it elected Liu Shaoqi ( 1898-1969) chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; and named Zhou Enlai premier of the new State Council. In the midst of these major governmental changes, and helping to precipitate them, was a power struggle within the CCP leading to the 1954 purge of Political Bureau member Gao Gang () and Party Organization Department head Rao Shushi (), who were accused of illicitly trying to seize control of the party. The process of national integration also was characterized by improvements in party organization under the administrative direction of the secretary general of the party Deng Xiaoping ( who served concurrently as vice premier of the State Council). There was a marked emphasis on recruiting intellectuals, who by 1956 constituted nearly 12 percent of the party's 10.8 million members. Peasant membership had decreased to 69 percent, while there was an increasing number of "experts" , who were needed for the party and governmental infrastructures, in the party ranks. As part of the effort to encourage the participation of intellectuals in the new regime, in mid-1956 there began an official effort to liberalize the political climate. Cultural and intellectual figures were encouraged to speak their minds on the state of CCP rule and programs. Mao personally took the lead in the movement, which was launched under the classical slogan "Let a hundred flowers bloom, let the hundred schools of thought contend" (). At first the party's repeated invitation to air constructive views freely and openly was met with caution. By mid-1957, however, the movement unexpectedly mounted, bringing denunciation and criticism against the party in general and the excesses of its cadres in particular. Startled and embarrassed, leaders turned on the critics as "bourgeois rightists" () and launched the Anti-Rightist Campaign. The Hundred Flowers Campaign , sometimes called the Double Hundred Campaign (), apparently had a sobering effect on the CCP leadership. The Great Leap Forward, 1958-60 The antirightist drive was followed by a militant approach toward economic development. In 1958 the CCP launched the Great Leap Forward () campaign under the new "General Line for Socialist Construction." The Great Leap Forward was aimed at accomplishing the economic and technical development of the country at a vastly faster pace and with greater results. The shift to the left that the new "General Line" represented was brought on by a combination of domestic and external factors. Although the party leaders appeared generally satisfied with the accomplishments of the First Five-Year Plan, they--Mao and his fellow radicals in particular--believed that more could be achieved in the Second Five-Year Plan (1958-62) if the people could be ideologically aroused and if domestic resources could be utilized more efficiently for the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture. These assumptions led the party to an intensified mobilization of the peasantry and mass organizations, stepped-up ideological guidance and indoctrination of technical experts, and efforts to build a more responsive political system. The last of these undertakings was to be accomplished through a new xiafang ( or down to the countryside) movement, under which cadres inside and outside the party would be sent to factories, communes, mines, and public works projects for manual labor and firsthand familiarization with grass-roots conditions. Although evidence is sketchy, Mao's decision to embark on the Great Leap Forward was based in part on his uncertainty about the Soviet policy of economic, financial, and technical assistance to China. That policy, in Mao's view, not only fell far short of his expectations and needs but also made him wary of the political and economic dependence in which China might find itself. The Great Leap Forward centered on a new socioeconomic and political system created in the countryside and in a few urban areas--the people's communes . By the fall of 1958, some 750,000 agricultural producers' cooperatives, now designated as production brigades, had been amalgamated into about 23,500 communes, each averaging 5,000 households, or 22,000 people. The individual commune was placed in control of all the means of production and was to operate as the sole accounting unit; it was subdivided into production brigades (generally coterminous with traditional villages) and production teams. Each commune was planned as a self-supporting community for agriculture, small-scale local industry (for example, the famous backyard pig-iron furnaces), schooling, marketing, administration, and local security (maintained by militia organizations). Organized along paramilitary and laborsaving lines, the commune had communal kitchens, mess halls, and nurseries. In a way, the people's communes constituted a fundamental attack on the institution of the family, especially in a few model areas where radical experiments in communal living--large dormitories in place of the traditional nuclear family housing-- occurred. (These were quickly dropped.) The system also was based on the assumption that it would release additional manpower for such major projects as irrigation works and hydroelectric dams, which were seen as integral parts of the plan for the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture. The Great Leap Forward was an economic failure. In early 1959, amid signs of rising popular restiveness, the CCP admitted that the favorable production report for 1958 had been exaggerated. Among the Great Leap Forward's economic consequences were a shortage of food (in which natural disasters also played a part); shortages of raw materials for industry; overproduction of poor-quality goods; deterioration of industrial plants through mismanagement; and exhaustion and demoralization of the peasantry and of the intellectuals, not to mention the party and government cadres at all levels. Throughout 1959 efforts to modify the administration of the communes got under way; these were intended partly to restore some material incentives to the production brigades and teams, partly to decentralize control, and partly to house families that had been reunited as household units. Political consequences were not inconsiderable. In April 1959 Mao, who bore the chief responsibility for the Great Leap Forward fiasco, stepped down from his position as chairman of the People's Republic. The National People's Congress elected Liu Shaoqi as Mao's successor, though Mao remained chairman of the CCP. Moreover, Mao's Great Leap Forward policy came under open criticism at a party conference at Lushan (), Jiangxi Province. The attack was led by Minister of National Defense Peng Dehuai (), who had become troubled by the potentially adverse effect Mao's policies would have on the modernization of the armed forces. Peng argued that "putting politics in command" was no substitute for economic laws and realistic economic policy; unnamed party leaders were also admonished for trying to "jump into communism in one step." After the Lushan showdown, Peng Dehuai, who allegedly had been encouraged by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev to oppose Mao, was deposed. Peng was replaced by Lin Biao (), a radical and opportunist Maoist. The new defense minister initiated a systematic purge of Peng's supporters from the military. Militancy on the domestic front was echoed in external policies. The "soft" foreign policy based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence to which China had subscribed in the mid-1950s gave way to a "hard" line in 1958. From August through October of that year, the Chinese resumed a massive artillery bombardment of the Nationalist-held offshore islands of Jinmen ( Chin-men in Wade Giles but often referred to as Kinmen or Quemoy) and Mazu ( Ma-tsu in Wade-Giles). This was accompanied by an aggressive propaganda assault on the United States and a declaration of intent to "liberate" Taiwan. Chinese control over Xizang had been reasserted in 1950. The socialist revolution that took place thereafter increasingly became a process of Sinicization for the Tibetans. Tension culminated in a revolt in 1958-59 and the flight to India by the Dalai Lama, the Tibetans' spiritual and de facto temporal leader. Relations with India--where sympathy for the rebels was aroused--deteriorated as thousands of Tibetan refugees crossed the Indian border. There were several border incidents in 1959, and a brief Sino-Indian border war erupted in October 1962 as China laid claim to Aksai Chin, nearly 103,600 square kilometers of territory that India regarded as its own. The Soviet Union gave India its moral support in the dispute, thus contributing to the growing tension between Beijing and Moscow. The Sino-Soviet dispute of the late 1950s was the most important development in Chinese foreign relations. The Soviet Union had been China's principal benefactor and ally, but relations between the two were cooling. The Soviet agreement in late 1957 to help China produce its own nuclear weapons and missiles was terminated by mid-1959. From that point until the mid-1960s, the Soviets recalled all of their technicians and advisers from China and reduced or canceled economic and technical aid to China. The discord was occasioned by several factors. The two countries differed in their interpretation of the nature of "peaceful coexistence." The Chinese took a more militant and unyielding position on the issue of anti-imperialist struggle, but the Soviets were unwilling, for example, to give their support on the Taiwan question. In addition, the two communist powers disagreed on doctrinal matters. The Chinese accused the Soviets of "revisionism"; the latter countered with charges of "dogmatism." Rivalry within the international communist movement also exacerbated Sino-Soviet relations. An additional complication was the history of suspicion each side had toward the other, especially the Chinese, who had lost a substantial part of territory to tsarist Russia in the mid-nineteenth century. Whatever the causes of the dispute, the Soviet suspension of aid was a blow to the Chinese scheme for developing industrial and high-level (including nuclear) technology. Readjustment and Recovery, 1961-65 In 1961 the political tide at home began to swing to the right, as evidenced by the ascendancy of a more moderate leadership. In an effort to stabilize the economic front, for example, the party--still under Mao's titular leadership but under the dominant influence of Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun (), Peng Zhen (), Bo Yibo (), and others--initiated a series of corrective measures. Among these measures was the reorganization of the commune system, with the result that production brigades and teams had more say in their own administrative and economic planning. To gain more effective control from the center, the CCP reestablished its six regional bureaus and initiated steps aimed at tightening party discipline and encouraging the leading party cadres to develop populist-style leadership at all levels. The efforts were prompted by the party's realization that the arrogance of party and government functionaries had engendered only public apathy. On the industrial front, much emphasis was now placed on realistic and efficient planning; ideological fervor and mass movements were no longer the controlling themes of industrial management. Production authority was restored to factory managers. Another notable emphasis after 1961 was the party's greater interest in strengthening the defense and internal security establishment. By early 1965 the country was well on its way to recovery under the direction of the party apparatus, or, to be more specific, the Central Committee's Secretariat headed by Secretary General Deng Xiaoping. The Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 In the early 1960s, Mao was on the political sidelines and in semi seclusion. By 1962, however, he began an offensive to purify the party, having grown increasingly uneasy about what he believed were the creeping "capitalist" and antisocialist tendencies in the country. As a hardened veteran revolutionary who had overcome the severest adversities, Mao continued to believe that the material incentives that had been restored to the peasants and others were corrupting the masses and were counterrevolutionary. To arrest the so-called capitalist trend, Mao launched the Socialist Education Movement (1962-65), in which the primary emphasis was on restoring ideological purity, reinfusing revolutionary fervor into the party and government bureaucracies, and intensifying class struggle. There were internal disagreements, however, not on the aim of the movement but on the methods of carrying it out. Opposition came mainly from the moderates represented by Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, who were unsympathetic to Mao's policies. The Socialist Education Movement was soon paired with another Mao campaign, the theme of which was "to learn from the People's Liberation Army." Minister of National Defense Lin Biao's rise to the center of power was increasingly conspicuous. It was accompanied by his call on the PLA and the CCP to accentuate Maoist thought as the guiding principle for the Socialist Education Movement and for all revolutionary undertakings in China. In connection with the Socialist Education Movement, a thorough reform of the school system, which had been planned earlier to coincide with the Great Leap Forward, went into effect. The reform was intended as a work-study program a new xiafang movement in which schooling was slated to accommodate the work schedule of communes and factories. It had the dual purpose of providing mass education less expensively than previously and of re-educating intellectuals and scholars to accept the need for their own participation in manual labor. The drafting of intellectuals for manual labor was part of the party's rectification campaign, publicized through the mass media as an effort to remove "bourgeois" influences from professional workers particularly, their tendency to have greater regard for their own specialized fields than for the goals of the party. Official propaganda accused them of being more concerned with having "expertise" than being "red" . The Militant Phase, 1966-68 By mid-1965 Mao had gradually but systematically regained control of the party with the support of Lin Biao, Jiang Qing ( Mao's fourth wife), and Chen Boda, a leading theoretician. In late 1965 a leading member of Mao's "Shanghai Mafia," Yao Wenyuan, wrote a thinly veiled attack on the deputy mayor of Beijing, Wu Han. In the next six months, under the guise of upholding ideological purity, Mao and his supporters purged or attacked a wide variety of public figures, including State Chairman Liu Shaoqi and other party and state leaders. By mid-1966 Mao's campaign had erupted into what came to be known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the first mass action to have emerged against the CCP apparatus itself. Considerable intraparty opposition to the Cultural Revolution was evident. On the one side was the Mao-Lin Biao group, supported by the PLA; on the other side was a faction led by Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, which had its strength in the regular party machine. Premier Zhou Enlai, while remaining personally loyal to Mao, tried to mediate or to reconcile the two factions. Mao felt that he could no longer depend on the formal party organization, convinced that it had been permeated with the "capitalist" and bourgeois obstructionists. He turned to Lin Biao and the PLA to counteract the influence of those who were allegedly "`left' in form but `right' in essence." The PLA was widely extolled as a "great school" for the training of a new generation of revolutionary fighters and leaders. Maoists also turned to middle-school students for political demonstrations on their behalf. These students, joined also by some university students, came to be known as the Red Guards . Millions of Red Guards were encouraged by the Cultural Revolution group to become a "shock force" and to "bombard" with criticism both the regular party headquarters in Beijing and those at the regional and provincial levels. Red Guard activities were promoted as a reflection of Mao's policy of rekindling revolutionary enthusiasm and destroying "outdated," "counterrevolutionary" symbols and values. Mao's ideas, popularized in the Quotations from Chairman Mao, became the standard by which all revolutionary efforts were to be judged. The "four big rights" speaking out freely, airing views fully, holding great debates, and writing big-character posters became an important factor in encouraging Mao's youthful followers to criticize his intraparty rivals. The "four big rights" became such a major feature during the period that they were later institutionalized in the state constitution of 1975. The result of the unfettered criticism of established organs of control by China's exuberant youth was massive civil disorder, punctuated also by clashes among rival Red Guard gangs and between the gangs and local security authorities. The party organization was shattered from top to bottom. 2025!

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1006th Video... Discover The Ancient Wisdom Of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) In Our Latest Video, "Unlocking The Secrets Of Traditional Chinese Medicine." Explore the rich practices of acupuncture, herbal medicine, dietary therapy, and holistic exercises like Tai Chi and Qigong that have been used for thousands of years to restore balance and harmony to the body. Learn about the essential concepts of Qi Theory, flowing meridians, and the Yin-Yang dynamic that underpin TCM. Join us on a journey to understand how these timeless practices can enhance your health and well-being in the modern world. Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an ancient healthcare system, at least 23 centuries old, rooted in the belief that health is achieved through a dynamic balance between the body and its environment. Its foundational principles are deeply intertwined with ancient Chinese philosophy, emphasizing the interconnectedness of all things. The core concept is Qi (pronounced “chee”), the vital energy or life force, which flows through the body along invisible pathways known as meridians. Health is maintained when Qi flows freely and abundantly, while illness arises from blockages or deficiencies in this flow. This balance is governed by the interplay of Yin and Yang, two opposing yet complementary forces that permeate the universe and the human body. Yin represents qualities like calmness, coolness, and nourishment, while Yang embodies activity, warmth, and movement. Good health is achieved when these forces are in harmony; illness results from an imbalance. A related framework is the Five Elements theory Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water which correspond to specific organs, emotions, seasons, and physiological processes, providing another lens for diagnosing and treating disharmony. TCM encompasses a wide range of therapeutic modalities designed to restore balance and promote the body's natural healing abilities. Acupuncture, involving the insertion of thin needles into specific points along meridians, is used to stimulate Qi flow and address imbalances, commonly for pain, stress, and chronic conditions. Herbal medicine is a cornerstone, utilizing plants, minerals, and sometimes animal products to create customized formulas that strengthen the body, clear toxins, and restore equilibrium. Common herbs include ginseng for energy, astragalus for immune support, and licorice root for soothing digestion. Food is considered medicine in TCM, with dietary therapy playing a crucial role in maintaining health by aligning eating habits with an individual's constitution and the seasons. For example, warming foods like ginger and garlic are recommended in winter to counteract the cold, dark Yin energy of the season. Other practices include Tai Chi and Qigong, gentle movement exercises that combine slow motions, deep breathing, and meditation to enhance Qi flow, improve flexibility, and cultivate mental clarity. TCM also emphasizes prevention over cure, advocating for lifestyle modifications and living in harmony with the seasons to maintain health and prevent disease before it manifests. This holistic, patient-centered approach, which seeks to treat the root cause of illness rather than just symptoms, is increasingly recognized as a valuable complement to conventional Western medicine, particularly for managing chronic conditions, enhancing recovery, and improving quality of life. Traditional Chinese Medicine: What You Need To Know What’s the Bottom Line? How Much Do We Know About Traditional Chinese Medicine? The approaches that make up traditional Chinese medicine (such as acupuncture, tai chi, and herbal products) have been the subjects of many clinical studies and scientific reviews. What Do We Know About the Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine? Some psychological and/or physical approaches used in traditional Chinese medicine practices, such as acupuncture and tai chi, may help improve quality of life and certain pain conditions. Studies of Chinese herbal products used in traditional Chinese medicine for a range of medical conditions have had mixed results. What Do We Know About the Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine? Some Chinese herbal products have been contaminated with toxic compounds, heavy metals, pesticides, and microorganisms and may have serious side effects. Manufacturing errors, in which one herb is mistakenly replaced with another, also have resulted in serious complications. What Is Traditional Chinese Medicine? Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has evolved over thousands of years. TCM practitioners use various psychological and/or physical approaches (such as acupuncture and tai chi) as well as herbal products to address health problems. Min-hun Ceremonial Marriage Mín-hūn, also known as a ghost marriage or spirit marriage, is a traditional Chinese custom where one or both parties in a marriage are deceased. This practice, which dates back to the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), is rooted in beliefs about ancestor worship and the afterlife, where it is thought that an unmarried person's spirit may feel lonely and cause harm if not properly paired. The primary purpose is to ensure the deceased's contentment in the afterlife and prevent them from haunting the living. The ceremony, known as míng hūn (冥婚), involves rituals similar to a living marriage, including the use of a matchmaker, the negotiation of dowry (often in the form of paper tributes offered to the dead), and a formal banquet. The deceased can be represented by a spirit tablet, a paper effigy, or, in some cases, their actual corpse. A crucial part of the ritual, especially in historical and rural practices, is the reburial of the deceased bride's remains within the groom's grave to symbolize their union. While the practice is illegal and very rare in modern China, it persists in some rural areas, particularly in northern China. The tradition has been linked to a black market for female corpses, driven by a significant gender imbalance and the demand for brides, both living and dead. Cases have been reported where families have dug up graves to sell a deceased daughter's body for a ghost marriage, sometimes leading to further exploitation when the body is resold. The practice has also been associated with criminal activities, including murder, to obtain corpses for sale. The custom is not limited to China; similar traditions exist in other cultures, such as in Sudan, India, and parts of Europe, though the specific rituals and beliefs vary. In Taiwan, the tradition differs, with a deceased woman typically being married to a living man, and the man being free to remarry. Lina I feel you and me are close friends over 10 years now. Both of are chakras mind body and soul are together now in life. This refers to energy are centers in the body that are believed to influence physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. These chakras are positioned along the spine, from the base to the crown of the head, and each has its own unique characteristics, including color, element, and psychological themes. The idea of East meet West and our chakras becoming "one" is often associated with the concept of spiritual awakening or enlightenment, where the energy centers are in perfect harmony, allowing for a deeper connection to the self and the universe. In summary Lina, You and Me and Are seven chakras are energy centers in the body that, when balanced, contribute to a state of harmony and well-being. The concept of the chakras becoming "one" is a metaphor for achieving a balanced and harmonious state of being, which is often associated with spiritual growth and enlightenment as you and me are close friends over 10 years now.. In Chinese traditions, the focus is often on the balance of yin and yang, and the flow of qi through meridians. Practices such as tai chi and qigong are designed to cultivate and balance this energy, leading to a state of physical and spiritual harmony. While the term "chakra" is not commonly used in traditional Chinese philosophy, there are analogous concepts such as meridians and energy centers that are central to practices like acupuncture and qigong. These systems focus on the flow of vital energy, or "qi," through the body. The idea of "body and flesh becoming one" is more aligned with the goals of certain meditative and energy practices, where the practitioner aims to harmonize the physical and energetic aspects of the body. Hi Randles, Thank you for your message to me. I’m sorry, but my English is not very good, and I couldn’t fully understand everything you wrote there were too many ellipses, and some parts were unclear to me. So please allow me to respond simply by expressing my own thoughts. We met at the gym nearly ten years ago. At that time, I truly was alone I didn’t know anyone, and I had no friends in the community. I went to the gym twice a day just to pass the time. I started talking with you because I wanted to learn English. You were always patient and polite, and I sincerely appreciated that. I saw you as an English teacher, and I tried to learn from you with respect. To this day, my English is still limited, and I don’t feel comfortable speaking on the phone in English. I have difficulty expressing myself clearly. But please understand I am not weak or helpless. I used to be a professional basketball player. I don’t share my struggles easily with anyone, and I have never asked anyone including Jerry for help. Life is not always easy. We all have our challenges and make our own choices. I’m focused on my own life now, and I hope you will do the same. I truly wish you good health and peace. Thank you again for the help you gave me with English. As we say in Chinese: “Once a teacher, always a teacher.” Take care, Lina p.s. don't forget to put me in your will... before you die... lol July 4th 2025 What the Science Says About the Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupuncture Acupuncture is a technique in which practitioners stimulate specific points on the body, usually by inserting thin needles through the skin. Studies suggest that acupuncture stimulates the release of the body’s natural painkillers and affects areas in the brain involved in processing pain; however, some trials suggest that real acupuncture and sham acupuncture are equally effective, indicating a placebo effect. Results from a number of studies, however, suggest real acupuncture may help ease types of pain that are often chronic, such as low-back pain, neck pain, osteoarthritis/knee pain, and carpal tunnel syndrome. It also may help reduce the frequency of tension headaches and prevent migraine headaches. For more information, see NCCIH’s acupuncture fact sheet. Tai Chi Tai chi combines certain postures, gentle movements, mental focus, breathing, and relaxation. Research findings suggest that practicing tai chi may improve balance and stability in older people and those with Parkinson’s disease, reduce pain from knee osteoarthritis, help people cope with fibromyalgia and back pain, and promote quality of life and improve mood in people with heart failure. For more information, see NCCIH’s tai chi fact sheet. Chinese Herbal Products Chinese herbal products have been studied for many medical problems, including stroke, heart disease, mental disorders, and respiratory diseases (such as bronchitis and the common cold). Because many studies have been of poor quality, no firm conclusions can be made about their effectiveness. For more information about specific herbs, see NCCIH’s Herbs at a Glance webpage. You can find additional information on botanical (plant) dietary supplements on the Office of Dietary Supplements website. What the Science Says About the Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Reports and studies of herbal products used in TCM have found a variety of safety issues. Some Chinese herbal products have been found to be contaminated with undeclared plant or animal material; drugs (such as the blood-thinner warfarin and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent diclofenac); heavy metals (such as arsenic, lead, and cadmium); pesticides or compounds called sulfites, which could cause asthma or severe allergic reactions; or incorrect herbs, some of which have caused organ damage. Relatively few complications from using acupuncture have been reported. Still, complications have resulted from the use of nonsterile needles and improper delivery of treatments. When not delivered properly, acupuncture can cause serious adverse effects, including infections, punctured organs, collapsed lungs, and injury to the central nervous system. Tai chi and a similar technique called qigong appear to be safe practices. While it’s unlikely that tai chi will result in serious injury, it may be associated with minor aches and pains. Women who are pregnant should talk with their health care providers before beginning tai chi, qigong, or any other exercise program. If you have a health condition, talk with your health care provider before using TCM herbal products. Ask about the training and experience of the TCM practitioner you are considering. Most states and the District of Columbia have laws regulating acupuncture practice, and most states require certification from the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine. For thousands of years, Chinese herbal medicine has harnessed the power of nature to promote healing and balance. By exploring its unique approach, you can discover a world where herbs are more than just remedies—they’re a pathway to holistic wellness. Immerse yourself to learn how these time-tested traditions might be the natural solution you’ve been seeking. Key Takeaways Ancient Wisdom in Healing: Chinese herbal medicine, a crucial element of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), utilizes herbs to regulate the flow of Qi and restore balance within the body, embodying millennia-old practices for improved health. Core Principles: The fundamental principles include the interplay of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements, which are vital to understanding how TCM approaches balance and wellness through herbal treatments. Herbal Diversity and Benefits: Common herbs such as Ginseng, Astragalus, and Licorice Root offer distinct health benefits, from boosting energy and immunity to promoting digestive harmony and stress relief. Historical and Textual Foundation: Chinese herbal medicine has a rich historical background, with foundational texts like The Divine Farmer’s Materia Medica laying the groundwork for categorizing and understanding herbal benefits. Therapeutic Benefits and Safety Concerns: While offering numerous health benefits, such as stress reduction and immune support, caution is advised due to potential side effects and the necessity of professional consultation before use. Modern Integration: Integrating Chinese herbal medicine with modern medical practices involves scientific validation and collaboration, enhancing treatment options, and fostering a holistic approach to healthcare. Understanding Chinese Herbal Medicine Investigate the intricacies of Chinese herbal medicine, a cornerstone of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This ancient practice revolves around Qi, Yin, and Yang principles and treats balance as the foundation of health. Herbs play a vital role in restoring harmony within the body by adjusting the flow of Qi through its meridians. If stress or environmental factors disrupt this flow, herbal remedies act to re-establish equilibrium. Chinese herbal medicines are mainly plant-based, sometimes combined with minerals or animal derivatives. The classification relies on the five tastes—sweet, salty, bitter, spicy, and sour—each corresponding to fire, earth, metal, water, and wood. This classification provides insight into their effects and benefits when addressing specific health issues. Whether you’re seeking relief from chronic ailments or looking to maintain wellness, explore these time-honored remedies crafted to enhance your life’s energy and balance. Historical Background Chinese herbal medicine, rooted in the depths of history, stretches back to the early Zhou Dynasty around 1046 BC. Even earlier, the Shang Dynasty laid the groundwork with evidence of herbal remedies and medical practices found in ancient Chinese medicine herbalist archeological materials. As you explore this rich world, you’ll discover how these practices have evolved over millennia and form a critical part of Traditional Chinese Medicine. One of the most significant texts, The Divine Farmer’s Materia Medica (Shennong Ben Cao Jing), was compiled around 206 BC. This compilation, attributed to the legendary Shennong, categorizes over 360 herbs into three essential groups: food herbs, which support health maintenance, and two medicinal groups, each tailored to individual needs. Shennong’s narrative adds depth, as he’s famously noted for tasting hundreds of herbs to classify their therapeutic properties. Understanding these early beginnings, you’ll appreciate how Chinese herbal medicine serves not as a relic of the past but as a living tradition. Each herb and formula carries historical weight, steeped in the wisdom of ancient scholars and healers. As you investigate these texts and practices, you connect with a legacy that continues to influence wellness today. Fundamental Principles Of Chinese Herbal Medicine You investigate the world of Chinese herbal medicine, grounded in timeless principles that govern both health and the universe. Dive deeper into concepts that form the backbone of this age-old practice. Yin And Yang Yin and Yang represent opposing yet complementary forces fundamental to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Yin embodies passive, calm, and receptive qualities, while Yang signifies active, warm, and creative traits. Health manifests when there’s harmony between these energies; illness befalls you when an imbalance occurs. Carefully selected and prescribed, herbs restore equilibrium, allowing Qi, the life force, to flow effortlessly through your body’s meridians. The Five Elements Consider the Five Elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, and water, forming another core principle of Chinese herbal medicine. These elements, interlinked and influencing various universe aspects, extend their reach to your body’s dynamics. Each component is associated with specific bodily systems and organs, shaping physical health and emotional and mental states. Through herbal prescriptions, balance is sought among these elements to foster comprehensive well-being, address ailments, and encourage vitality. Commonly Used Chinese Herbs For centuries, herbs have been a big part of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for promoting wellness and balance. This section explores three of the most common herbs used in TCM: Ginseng, Astragalus, and Licorice Root, each offering unique health benefits. Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are two of the most esteemed herbs in TCM. Ginseng is cherished for enhancing the body’s vital energy, or Qi, which improves overall health. These varieties haveherbal garden adaptogenic properties, to help your body with to stress and boosting balance in energy. Ginseng is often employed to combat fatigue, sharpen mental clarity, and strengthen the immune system. With its potent ability to modulate stress and vitality, ginseng is preferred for those seeking holistic health solutions. Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) stands out in TCM due to its immunomodulatory effects. This herb frequently amplifies your body’s immune function and reduces illness risk. Integrating Astragalus into your regimen might nurture the immune system’s resilience, especially during seasonal changes or in cases of chronic stress. For those aiming to fortify their defenses naturally, Astragalus serves as a valuable herb in the pursuit of long-term well-being. Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is another significant herb in TCM. It is valued for harmonizing formulas and enhancing the effects of other herbs. It’s often used to soothe gastrointestinal issues and reduce inflammation. The sweet flavor of licorice makes it a pleasant addition to herbal mixtures. Licorice root can also modulate stress responses and provide adrenal support, appealing to those seeking gentle, supportive remedies. Therapeutic Benefits Of Chinese Herbal Medicine Chinese herbal medicine offers a range of therapeutic benefits, drawing from ancient practices to enhance modern health. Through its use, many find relief and improved vitality in various aspects of well-being. Stress Relief Chinese herbal medicine effectively eases stress and boosts overall well-being. By targeting the flow of Qi—which stress can disrupt—herbal formulas restore balance and bring tranquility. Herbs recognized for their calming effects, like those in the “sedative” category, soothe the mind and body, reducing stress and anxiety significantly. This approach, rooted in traditional knowledge, focuses on restoring harmony within the body and mind. Digestive Health Chinese herbal medicine provides solutions for various digestive issues. Prescribed formulas aim to regulate Qi in the digestive system, which is critical for proper digestion. Success stories related to how these remedies address gastrointestinal concerns, such as constipation, diarrhea, and irritable bowel syndrome. By targeting the energy flow, these herbs contribute to maintaining digestive health. Each formula, targets specific digestive needs, ensuring personalized care and relief. Immune System Support Chinese herbal medicine also strengthens the immune system, offering protection against illnesses. It promotes balance within the body, enabling a more effective immune response. Herbs like Astragalus are known for their immunomodulatory effects, enhancing the body’s defense during seasonal changes or chronic stress. Taking advantage of nature’s power, this traditional practice supports resilience and overall immunity, contributing to better health over time. Safety And Side Effects Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) offers numerous potential benefits, but it’s essential to consider safety and side effects. The regulatory framework for traditional Chinese medicines has evolved due to significant safety concerns. While CHM products might bypass human clinical trials if manufacturing methods adhere to classic formulations, this raises questions about ensuring safety. Researchers suggest more than preclinical pharmacological testing and drug-toxicity studies may be necessary for adequate safety assurance. Several herbal medicines contain toxic substances that pose serious health risks. Aristolochic acid, present in some traditional remedies, is linked to kidney failure, liver cancer, and urinary tract cancers. Understanding these risks is essential when considering CHM as a naturopathic treatment option. Notably, “natural” doesn’t equate to “safe.” Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any new treatment, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or managing pre-existing health conditions. This precaution ensures personalized medical guidance tailored to your health situation. Incorporating Chinese Herbal Medicine Into Modern Practices Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) enhances modern medical treatments through scientific validation, integration with Western medicine, and addressing associated challenges. CHM rests on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) principles, of Qi, yin, and yang. Thousands of years of practice back CHM, with herbs like sweet wormwood, led to discoveries such as artemisinin, a significant antimalarial drug. Scientific validation is vital in integrating CHM with Western practices. Researchers test herbs to ensure effectiveness and safety. Validated herbs highlight CHM’s potential, bridging traditional wisdom and modern science. This fusion allows healthcare practitioners to expand treatment options, offering holistic approaches without straying from established protocols. Integration involves collaborative efforts. Naturopathic practitioners like Dr. Francesca Quinn adopt a multidisciplinary approach, blending CHM with conventional methods. For instance, acupuncture is combined with herbal supplements for pain management. Such integrative models promote patient-centered care, empowering patients to choose personalized therapies aligned with their needs. Wrapping It Up Chinese herbal medicine offers a rich world of natural remedies deeply rooted in ancient traditions and modern applications. Understanding its principles and carefully selecting herbs can enhance your well-being and address various health concerns. But, it’s essential to approach CHM with caution, ensuring you consult healthcare professionals to navigate potential risks. As you explore this holistic practice, consider the balance between traditional wisdom and contemporary scientific validation. Embracing this integrative approach can lead to a more comprehensive and personalized healthcare experience, blending the best of both worlds for optimal health and vitality. When you hear the term “Traditional Chinese Medicine” you may immediately think of acupuncture, cupping, remedial massage or Tai Chi. What you may forget are the many herbal remedies used in TCM, which are actually very common and accessible! Many of these everyday ingredients are likely already in your fridge or pantry at home. In this blog, we’ll talk about 13 of them, their properties, and how they’re used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. 1. Ginger (Sheng Jiang) Referred to in TCM as a natural antibiotic, ginger is considered a warming or yang food. Yang foods are generally sweet, spicy and pungent and are recommended during colder winter months to regulate warmth in the body. Ginger is said to aid digestion, reduce nausea and alleviate cold and flu symptoms. It can improve the spleen and raise Qi and yang energy in the body. One common usage of ginger is in tea, with the aim to create warmth and comfort. 2. Cinnamon (Gui Zhi) Like ginger, cinnamon is considered a warming ingredient and is also used to strengthen yang in the body. It may ease pain, nourish Qi and assist with blood circulation. Cinnamon supports the kidneys and spleen and is even said to ease signs of early ageing. With its sweet and woody flavour, cinnamon is a wonderful addition to healthy desserts, especially those containing apples or pears. 3. Lemongrass (Xiang Mao) Lemongrass is a cooling or yin food. Yin foods are generally bitter, salty and sour, creating a ‘refreshing’ feel in the body when consumed. Paired with warming ingredients such as ginger, lemongrass can be harmoniously balanced to promote a yin-yang duality in the body. It can be used to reduce inflammation, ease digestion and promote relaxation. Offering a subtly sweet and tangy flavour, this ingredient is commonly added to enhance soups and broths. 4. Garlic (Da Suan) In Traditional Chinese Medicine, garlic is believed to detoxify and tonify yang in the body. It can be used to improve the immune system, kill parasites, reduce inflammation and aid cardiovascular health. Garlic is said to support the growth of good bacteria in the body. While garlic is an incredibly versatile kitchen staple, consuming raw garlic is said to be especially effective, particularly during colder months, and is often used in a variety of remedies to treat the skin and joints. If you would like to avoid garlic’s natural side effect — bad breath — it’s recommended to neutralise it with ingredients like lemon juice, green tea or apples. 5. Mint (Bo He) Considered to be the strongest cooling herb, mint has a variety of calming properties, and shouldn’t be limited to only toothpaste and chewing gum. It may be used in TCM to treat headaches, reduce heat on warmer days and detoxify the body. A simple infusion of mint and lemon in water not only tastes good but can also aid digestion. 6. Basil (Luo Le) Basil is another common, yang herb that has a number of healing properties. It can be especially effective for promoting blood circulation in women who have recently given birth and can also be used to treat kidney and stomach problems. As it is used in a variety of cuisines because of its fresh and sweet taste, basil can be easily implemented into most diets to support holistic health. 7. Sage (Dan Shen) Perhaps one of the most commonly used herbs in TCM, sage may address symptoms of heat and inflammation and promote cognitive function. Interestingly, sage can be a heating or cooling ingredient, depending on what it’s needed for and how it’s used. 8. Oregano (Niu Zhi) Containing a variety of antiviral properties, oregano is another popular yang herb used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. It can be used to treat heat stroke, nausea, fever and respiratory disorders. It can be added to a number of salads and soups thanks to its subtle and pleasant flavour. 9. Thyme (Bai Li Xiang) Known to tonify and move Qi in the body, thyme can be used to boost one’s immune system. Containing warming, yang elements, this powerful herb can also ease congestion during colder seasons and is said to clear mucus from the lungs to reduce coughing. Thyme is commonly added to vegetable broths containing earthy vegetables like carrots, potatoes and turnips, because of its complimentary flavour profile. 10. Spring onions (Cong Bai) Spring onions are a popular addition to any stir fry or soup. Not only are they a great yang ingredient, capable of balancing these meals, but they’re also rich in vitamins and nutrients, as well as calcium, iron, magnesium and potassium. Considered a superfood, spring onions are said to relieve cold symptoms and aid digestion in TCM. 11. Fennel (Xiao Hui Xiang) A great source of folate, fennel tonifies the spleen and lung Qi to alleviate digestive discomfort, support lactation and address respiratory issues. It’s a yang ingredient, which relaxes the muscles and can relieve cramping and bloating. Containing a more potent flavour, fennel seeds can also be used to season food and produce similar benefits. 12. Coriander (Xiang Cai) Love it or hate it, coriander is a yang ingredient frequently added to soups, curries and salads to create a warming sensation in the body. It may promote digestion, detoxify the body and alleviate inflammation. 13. Parsley (Zhou Ye Ou Qin) Rounding off the list is parsley, another versatile, yin ingredient used in a plethora of meals across the world. Parsley is a diuretic, which means that it helps to reduce fluid build-up in the body. It can also eliminate toxins and tonify blood. Parsley is linked to improving the stomach, bladder and kidneys. Added to salads and soups, it gives a peppery taste with a touch of earthiness, making it a great all-rounder ingredient in the kitchen. While this list is not as comprehensive as it can be, it does demonstrate how simple, everyday ingredients are implemented in Traditional Chinese Medicine to improve holistic well-being. If you’re interested in learning more about TCM and how it can be applied why not check out the Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine? Contact us today to learn more about our Diploma or Bachelor level courses in TCM, or to make an appointment at our teaching clinic. Wood, fire, earth, metal or water: Which of the Chinese 5 elements are you and what does it mean for your health? The five elements theory is one of the central concepts of traditional Chinese medicine. Take our quick quiz to determine which of wood, fire, earth, metal and water is dominant for you right now, and discover time-tested tips to help you look after your health and wellbeing and feel your best. Five elements theory is a framework used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to explain how we’re influenced by the world and weather around us, and how the organs of the body interact with each other. Take our quick quiz to discover your constitution according to TCM Learn what each element means for your personality, health, diet and lifestyle. Wood – Fire – Earth – Metal – Water What is Chinese medicine’s five elements theory? Five elements theory (also known as five phases theory) is a framework that’s been used for at least 2400 years in traditional Chinese medicine to explain how we’re influenced by the world and weather around us, and how the organs of the body interact with each other. The five elements or ‘phases’ are wood, fire, earth, metal and water. In TCM, each of them is associated with certain body organs, a colour, a taste, an emotion, and a season of the year – among other things! From the perspective of TCM, understanding which of the five elements has a dominant effect on you right now, can give you insight into your personal strengths and weaknesses. If you’re feeling imbalanced, low in energy, or simply out-of-whack, understanding the elemental influences at play is also a quick way to help you know the kind of imbalances to watch out for, and guide you to simple steps you can take to restore harmony and balance. Take our quick quiz to determine your five elements body type according to Chinese medicine, then read on to learn more. Which of the five Chinese elements body types are you? Take the quiz and find out! In the four questions that follow, don’t worry if none of the options is exactly right, just tick the one that fits you the best. Once you’ve finished the quiz, total up your ticks against the answers (A, B, C, D or E) to refer to later. 1. Which of these is the best description of your body? A. I have a tall, lean body, broad shoulders and a straight back. My face is long and my skin has olive tones B. I have broad shoulders, wide teeth and a slightly pointed head. My hair is curly or thinning, and my complexion tends to have reddish tones C. I have a solid frame and well-built muscles, especially in my back and legs. My face is round with a wide jaw. My skin has yellowish tones D. My head, shoulders and upper back are slight and my tummy is flat. My face has a squarish shape, and my complexion is pale – but my voice is strong! E. I have narrow shoulders and a long spine, but my tummy tends to be large. My face is round, with broad cheeks, and my complexion has dark tones 2. Which of these is the best description of your personality? A. I’m confident, ambitious, passionate and decisive. I’m prone to anger, resentment and frustration though, and sometimes find it difficult to co-operate or share with others B. I’m optimistic, communicative and charismatic. I enjoy connecting with others, but sometimes have difficulty with boundaries or feelings of isolation C. I’m very social and am a peacemaker, so often find myself in negotiating roles. I’m also prone to worrying or overthinking things D. I’m disciplined, discerning and methodical – so I don’t tend to be very spontaneous! I can become unsettled when things are disordered, and am prone to mild feelings of sadness E. I pride myself on always being honest, objective and sensible. However, I also tend to be introspective and fearful 3. How do you respond to different types of weather? A.I’m not at my best when it’s windy (e.g. Spring) B. I’m not at my best when it’s hot (e.g. Summer) C. I’m not at my best when it’s humid or damp (e.g. late Summer) D. I’m not at my best when it’s dry (e.g. Autumn) E. I’m not at my best in the cold (e.g. Winter) 4. When you’re out of balance, which group of symptoms are you most likely to experience? A. Getting stressed easily Tightness in the neck and shoulders Headaches or migraines Grinding or clenching your teeth PMS with period pain, irritability and a short temper Waking up between 1 and 3 am B. Mild anxiety symptoms Finding it difficult to find joy in your life Sleeping difficulties and/or vivid dreams Poor circulation Bouts of spontaneous sweating C. Digestive problems (e.g. excessive burping or a poor appetite) Cravings for sweet foods (including as a symptom of PMS) A tendency to gain weight Fatigue, especially around 3pm Feeling mentally foggy (especially after waking up) Poor muscle tone or strength D. Easily catching coughs and colds Mild shortness of breath Sinus congestion Constipation Skin problems (like dryness, or dry conditions like mild eczema symptoms) Fatigue Feelings of grief and sadness E. Mild aches and pains of the joints (especially the lower back, knees or ankles) Fluid retention Mild memory problems Mild hearing difficulties Low libido Menopausal symptoms Cravings for salty foods Discover what your answers mean below! Review your answers and determine whether your most common answer was A, B, C, D or E. Chinese 5 elements: wood What does being influenced by the wood element say about you? When you’re in balance, you’re a kind-hearted soul who excels at creating clear visions, goals and plans, and can pride yourself on your decision-making skills. Much like a tree, your tendency is to focus upwards and outwards. You’re always striving for growth and expansion, and looking for new challenges to overcome. You thrive under pressure and may have what’s sometimes called a ‘type A personality’, meaning that you’re hard-driven and hard-working. You may even have a tendency to overdo things on that front, so guard against making yourself unwell due to overwork. A balance of work, rest, play and adventure is essential for you to be at your best. When you’re out of balance, you may find yourself getting stressed easily, perhaps accompanied by tightness in the neck and shoulders and/or a tendency to clench your jaw or grind your teeth. You might also become irritable, prone to a bad temper, notice that you’re not as decisive as usual or are more likely to over-indulge in food or drink. Wood rules the liver and gallbladder in traditional Chinese medicine In Chinese five elements theory, the wood element governs the liver organ-meridian system and that of its partner organ the gallbladder. In TCM the liver is involved in digestion and detoxification, acts as the storehouse for the blood, and ensures that both blood and qi (life force energy) are able to flow smoothly around the body. If the liver organ-meridian system is out of balance, the liver qi may become stagnant or sluggish. Bupleurum: traditionally used to relieve liver Qi stagnation If you’re keen to support healthy liver function, consider taking the herb bupleurum, which is traditionally used in Chinese medicine to soothe liver qi and regulate its flow. Bupleurum is considered especially beneficial for stimulating stagnant qi in TCM; for example, it’s often taken to support gallbladder health and to relieve irritability when liver qi stagnation is present. Cyperus: traditionally used to relieve PMT symptoms in TCM When the wood element is dominant in women, liver qi stagnation can sometimes interfere with menstrual regularity and cause period pain and PMT symptoms including breast tenderness. If these are a problem for you, consider taking the herb cyperus. It’s traditionally used in TCM to regulate the flow of liver qi and relieve PMT symptoms, period pain and menstrual irregularity when patterns of liver qi stagnation are present. Always read the label and follow the directions for use. Lifestyle tips for the wood constitution Keep your Qi moving When it comes to maintaining your health and wellbeing, your primary goal is to look after your liver and keep its qi moving, so incorporate vigorous forms of exercise like running, boxing and Ashtanga yoga into your routine. Enjoy green foods and sour flavours Eat plenty of green-coloured foods (especially dark green leafy vegetables) and sour flavours like lemon juice as these are traditionally considered good for the liver in TCM. At the same time, avoid alcohol, coffee and sugar. When you need a pick-me-up, reach for peppermint tea instead; it’s traditionally used in TCM to soothe the liver and aid its natural detoxification processes. You might like to check out our Clean eating plan for liver support and other eating tips for liver health from TCM too. Work hard, rest deeply Make it a priority to balance your hard-working nature with regular times of rest and relaxation. In particular, it’s important for you to get plenty of sleep (even if your energetic mind says you can do without it!). Also try relaxing meditation and gentle breathing exercises to help keep you calm and centred. What does being influenced by the fire element say about you? You’re energetic, passionate and strong-willed. You inspire others with your charisma, courage, creativity, wisdom and intuition, helping them to believe that it’s possible for dreams to come true. Your natural tendency is to be joyful, and to delight in the company of others. On the other hand, when you’re out of balance, you may become over-excited, experience mild anxiety symptoms or have difficulty sleeping. Fire rules the heart in traditional Chinese medicine The Fire element governs the heart organ-meridian system in TCM. In TCM, the heart organ-meridian system’s functions include regulating the cardiovascular system (including the heart itself, the blood vessels and the blood that flows through them) and maintaining the functioning of the nervous system. The heart organ-meridian system is also regarded as the resting place or ‘home’ of the shen or spirit in TCM. Polygala: traditionally used to relax the mind The herb polygala is traditionally taken to settle the shen, calm the mind, reduce excess nervous energy and relieve mild anxiety symptoms in TCM. Ziziphus: traditionally used in TCM to calm the mind Ziziphus is traditionally used in TCM to calm the spirit, and reduce sleeplessness, restless sleep and the time it takes to fall asleep. Like polygala, it’s also traditionally taken to help relax the mind and soothe the spirit. Always read the label and follow the directions for use. Lifestyle tips for the fire constitution Nurture your nervous system As a fire-spirit, your primary goal is to nurture your nervous system. Start by taking active steps to manage your stress levels with meditation and relaxation techniques. Try to end each day with some dedicated wind-down time before bed – for example by doing some gentle stretches or taking a gentle walk before putting your head on the pillow. (You might also like to try our 12 top tips for getting a good night’s sleep). Stay cool Next, make sure not to get overheated. Drink lots of water, avoid very hot weather, and include small servings of bitter foods in your diet, as they’re traditionally regarded as having cooling properties in TCM. (Try bitter-tasting salad veggies like rocket for starters). Enjoy red-coloured foods Red foods are traditionally considered good for a fire constitution too, so enjoy tomatoes, capsicum, raspberries and strawberries. And when it’s hot, treat yourself to some watermelon, which is traditionally said to cool heat in the heart organ-meridian system. What does being influenced by the Earth element say about you? You’re solid, dependable and a loyal friend who excels at forming long-term relationships and deep connections with others. No wonder people regard you as so caring, compassionate and giving. You value peace, harmony and stability in all things, and you’re often found in a mediation or peace-making role, helping others resolve their differences and arrive at the middle ground. However, when you’re out of balance, you might find yourself prone to confusion, over-thinking, giving so much to others that you wear yourself out, craving sweets, or experiencing digestive problems. Earth rules the stomach and spleen in traditional Chinese medicine The earth element is traditionally understood to govern the stomach and spleen organ-meridian systems in TCM. These are the organs traditionally considered responsible for most aspects of digestion in TCM, which teaches that when you’re stressed, it’s especially important to take care of your earth element, stomach and spleen in order to maintain healthy digestion. Citrus peel: traditionally taken to relieve digestive symptoms In TCM, citrus peel (also known as chen pi) is traditionally used to relieve digestive weakness. Citrus peel is also taken in TCM to relieve symptoms like nausea, excessive burping, abdominal bloating and feelings of fullness, and is traditionally understood to do that by regulating the flow of qi. Always read the label and follow the directions for use. Aromatic spices to warm up your meals Aromatic herbs like cinnamon, ginger, star anise and cardamom are good options for you too, and can be included in many of your favourite recipes. If you’re not sure where to start, we recommend our Ginger and shiitake congee recipe. (If you’re not familiar with congee, it’s a form of ‘rice porridge’ that’s regarded as a nourishing comfort food throughout Asia). Lifestyle tips for the earth constitution Focus on your digestion Your primary health goal is to nurture your digestive system, so prioritise simple foods with mild tastes. In your case, it’s best to avoid consuming food and beverages straight from the fridge or freezer. Foods that are warm or at room temperature are a better option for you - think stews, curries and casseroles. For additional support of your digestive system health, also consider fermented foods like sauerkraut or kimchi to help replenish the friendly bacteria in your gut, or consider taking a probiotic supplement. Enjoy yellow-coloured foods, and a little bit of sweetness The colour yellow and sweet flavours are traditionally associated with the earth element in TCM’s five elements theory, so look for opportunities to include both in your diet. Sweet corn, pumpkin, carrots and sweet potato are excellent options. Don’t take this as permission to overdose on sweets though - you still need to keep your blood sugar on an even keel! And for earth-dominated people too much sweetness in the diet can interfere with spleen and digestive function in TCM, resulting in symptoms like nausea, abdominal bloating or a feeling of fullness. Move and meditate to clear your thoughts When it comes to getting moving, walking is the perfect form of exercise for you because it’s both energising and a great way to clear your thoughts. Give yourself bonus points for walking barefoot on the grass or at the beach, restoring your connection to the earth. Build meditation and other practices that help break the cycle of over-thinking into your daily routine too. For example, try our short mindfulness meditation to help you focus on being present. What does being influenced by the Metal element say about you? Like many metals, you’re equipped with profound inner strength. You’re known for your high level of personal integrity, your disciplined, rational approach to life, and your appreciation of beauty. You’re at your best when things feel rational, organised and structured, and when you take a healthy approach to processing the events that have happened in your life and letting them go. Disorder and chaos are not to your liking at all, and you may become overly critical at times, especially when you perceive that others are breaking the rules or not doing things the ‘right’ way. Metal rules the lungs in traditional Chinese medicine In TCM’s five elements theory, metal is traditionally believed to govern the lung organ-meridian system. This organ-meridian encompasses not only the lungs themselves, but also the nose, throat and skin, and all aspects of breathing, including the absorption of qi (life force energy) from the air. The lung organ-meridian is also responsible for a special form of qi called defensive qi, which circulates beneath the surface of the body (referred to as the ‘exterior’ in TCM), where it helps defend against illness – in a similar way to the Western medicine concept of the immune system. As a result, having strong defensive qi helps reduce susceptibility to minor illnesses – you might like to think of it as your protective shield. If metal is a dominant element for you, when you’re out of balance you may become prone to mild respiratory conditions like common colds and flu, or to experiencing mild allergy symptoms, dry skin or mild rashes. Chinese licorice: traditionally used as a lung tonic In TCM, Chinese licorice is traditionally used as a lung tonic that works by moistening the lungs. It’s also traditionally taken in TCM to relieve coughs, expel phlegm and soothe sore throats. Astragalus: traditionally used as an immune tonic in TCM Astragalus is traditionally used to support defensive qi in TCM, where it’s understood to do so by stabilising the exterior surface of the body. As a result, this herb has a long history of traditional use in TCM to strengthen lung qi, improve immunity and help reduce the frequency of common colds. As an added bonus, astragalus is also traditionally taken in TCM to increase vitality and improve the body’s ability to cope with stress. Dong quai: traditionally used as a skin tonic in TCM Dong quai is traditionally used as a blood tonic in TCM to relieve skin dryness and improve skin health. This herb is also traditionally taken in TCM to improve skin regeneration and relieve mild symptoms of hives caused by allergies. Always read the label and follow the directions for use. Lifestyle tips for the metal constitution Focus on your breathing Your primary health goal is to support your lung organ-meridian system and by extension your immune system health. Deep-breathing techniques are your best friend here because they help your lungs to circulate qi around your body. Try practicing qigong for the same reason. If you’re keen to give this blend of moving meditation and exercise a go, start our free introductory classes here. Enjoy white foods and pungent flavours The Metal element is associated with pungent tastes, so make sure to include garlic, onion, ginger and shallots in your meals from time to time. White is the colour traditionally associated with the lung organ-meridian in TCM, so enjoy foods that are white or have white centres. Think button mushrooms, cauliflower, radishes, turnips, almonds, cannellini beans and apples - but not refined or processed foods like white bread and sugar. On the other hand, avoid foods traditionally believed to promote the formation of mucus, which include dairy foods, sweets and fried foods. Pears are a good food for people with Metal constitutions. They’re traditionally regarded as having moisturising properties in TCM, so may be beneficial when your skin feels dry and thirsty or you’re experiencing a dry cough. Stay social Personal connections play an important part in your wellbeing, so maintain an active social life and make an effort to participate in community-based activities. As someone influenced by the Metal element, incorporating a combination of spontaneity and structure into your relationships in this way may be particularly beneficial for you, especially in times of grief or sadness. What does being influenced by the Water element say about you? You have strong willpower, a determined nature, and a tendency to be self-sufficient and independent. You’re a seeker of knowledge and understanding, not only of the world around you, but also about yourself and what makes you tick. As a result, you bring sharp, critical thinking to the issues you’re faced with, ask insightful questions, and express yourself skilfully. On the other hand, you can sometimes be so introspective and focused on your inner world that you become withdrawn from others or speak before you think, without realising that what you’re about to say may ruffle a few feathers! You may also be prone to becoming fearful. Water rules the kidneys in traditional chinese medicine In TCM, water rules the kidney organ-meridian system. In addition to the kidneys themselves and all aspects of urinary function, this organ-meridian system regulates and maintains all the body’s fluids (including tears, saliva and the fluids that lubricate the joints) and balances yin and yang in the body. The health of the kidneys is also considered vital for that of all other organs and tissues of the body in TCM, especially the reproductive organs, the ears and the bones, so they’re regarded as the foundation of good health. Another function of the kidney organ-meridian system in TCM is to act as the storehouse for Jing, a form of life force energy that declines with age. The kidneys and water are therefore closely associated with healthy transition through each of life’s stages, from the growth and development that occurs during childhood right through to the ageing process. As a water person, if you’re out of balance, you may be susceptible to issues that affect the kidney organ-meridian system, like problems with your fluid balance, needing to urinate frequently, reduced libido, or experiencing mild aches and pains in your joints (especially those of the knees and lower back). Problems characterised by heat and dryness may also occur, reflecting an underlying imbalance in water or moisture in the body. In women, menopausal symptoms like hot flushes, night sweats and vaginal dryness may be related to imbalances in the kidney organ-meridian system too, and in particular to a deficiency of kidney yin, according to TCM. Herbs traditionally taken as kidney tonics Consider taking the herbs goji berry, rehmannia and horny goat weed, which are traditionally used in TCM as kidney tonics. In TCM, goji berry is also traditionally taken to balance yin and yang, and rehmannia and horny goat weed are traditionally used to regulate the fluids in the body. Horny goat weed is also traditionally used to promote a healthy libido, improve bone strength, and relieve mild joint aches and pains in TCM. Anemarrhena, traditionally used to relieve menopausal symptoms In menopausal women whose water element is out of balance, kidney yin deficiency is often present. In those circumstances, anemarrhena is traditionally used to relieve menopausal symptoms like hot flushes, night sweats and vaginal dryness in TCM. Always read the label. Follow the directions for use. If symptoms persist, worsen or change unexpectedly, talk to your healthcare professional. Lifestyle tips for the water constitution Preserve your jing Your primary health goal is to look after your kidney organ-meridian system and preserve your Jing, which may otherwise be prone to depletion as you age. That means a healthy lifestyle that accompanies nutritious food, regular exercise and time in the fresh air should be high on your agenda. Make sure you drink enough water, and avoid stimulants like coffee, cola and energy drinks too. Head for the water You’ll feel at your best when you’re in or near water, so swimming in the ocean or even walking at the beach are great exercise choices for you. And if that’s not possible, treat yourself to a luxurious bubble bath or even just soak your feet in water with Epsom salts. Other forms of exercise that are beneficial for you are those that have calming effects on the mind and are low-impact on the joints – yoga and Pilates are ideal. Enjoy blue-black foods and a pinch of salt The colour black is associated with the Water element in TCM, so include plenty of blue-black foods on your menu. Good options include plums, dates, black beans, eggplant, wood ear mushrooms and black sesame seeds. The taste associated with the water element is saltiness, so a little bit of salt is considered beneficial for you. You don’t need too much though – you can get what you need by eating naturally salty foods like prawns, or by adding a sprinkling of seaweed flakes to your soup, salad or stir-fry now and then. Stay socially connected Although you like to be independent, avoid becoming too isolated. Socializing is good for your physical wellbeing and your mental health, and helps keep you feeling energized and vital, especially as you get older. We at this channel would like to add this quote for everyone to open your own mind this year: Your body diet is not only what you eat. It is also what you watch, what you listen to, what you read, the people you hang out with and the things you subject your mind, body and soul too. Always be mindful of the things you put into your body emotionally, spiritually and physically. Thank You Everyone Who Watch Our 1,001+ Video's To Help Other In 2025.

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1007th Video... We Explore The Destructive Dynamics Between Modern Women And Weak Men Through The Lens Of Epictetus, One Of The Greatest Stoic Philosophers. A Mail Order Chinese Bride Catalogue Of Older Women Who Pay For Marriage From A Overseas Chinese Dating Services As A Digital Platform Connecting Individuals Seeking International Marriage Partners With Potential Brides From Various Countries. These catalogues are curated collections of profiles from women interested in serious relationships and marriage, often sourced from international dating sites. They allow users to browse, communicate, and potentially build relationships with women from regions like Asia, Europe, Latin America, and beyond. Chinese Mail Order Bride Catalog The term "mail order bride" describes women who connect with men, often from another country, through online platforms to marry and potentially migrate for better economic prospects. While the phrase suggests a catalogue of women available for purchase, it is not legal to order a bride from a catalog for delivery. Instead, individuals can browse online profiles of Chinese women seeking marriage, which is the modern equivalent of a catalogue. Chinese Mail Order Bride Catalog: A collection of online profiles of Chinese women seeking marriage with foreign men, accessible through matchmaking websites. Form I-129F: The U.S. immigration form required to petition for a Chinese fiancée to immigrate to America, requiring proof of a relationship and a face-to-face meeting within the last two years. Verified Brides: Women listed on matchmaking sites who have undergone some form of verification process to confirm their identity and intentions. International Marriage: The process of marrying a Chinese woman from abroad, often facilitated by online connections and formal immigration procedures. Economic Motivation: A common reason cited for women seeking marriage with foreign men, as they hope for improved material life and opportunities. Gendered Exploitation: A perspective held by some feminists, viewing the practice as exploitative due to the economic disparities and gender dynamics involved. Blossoms Dating LLC, doing business as Cherry Blossoms, is a dating site specializing in Asian women and the mail-order bride industry, with a history dating back to 1974 when it began as printed catalogs of "personals" listings. The company, which has evolved to a web-based format since 2001, operates in over a hundred countries, with a focus on China, South America, and the Philippines. The site is often referred to as "Cherry Blossoms," but the correct search term is "Blossoms.com". While the company claims to be a legitimate platform for finding relationships, it has been associated with significant concerns, including cases of abuse and murder involving couples who met through the service, such as the case of Jack Reeves, who was convicted of murdering two of his wives. The industry itself is largely unregulated, and critics argue it can lead to the exploitation of vulnerable women seeking better lives, although the company maintains that most marriages resulting from its connections are successful. A 2023 study cited in a 2025 article found that approximately 10,000 American men marry women they meet through these dating sites annually, with 80% of such marriages lasting longer than the U.S. average. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw Age 48 With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Man 2 Year Later And She Is Now 62 Years Old And Her Husband Is Now 76 Years Old. Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. So With The Help From Her Old English Teacher (Randles) Age 68 And Her Only One True Friend Left In U.S.A. Prof. Randles Thompkins And WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And She Ask Me To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. This gesture is deeply rooted in trust and friendship, symbolizing a bond of loyalty and reliability. The pinky promise is not considered inappropriate and is often used informally to seal agreements or commitments. The pinky finger itself is sometimes associated with smallness or youth, but when used in the context of a promise, it carries a positive and meaningful connotation. Unlike the middle finger in American culture, which is an offensive gesture, the pinky finger in China does not carry the same negative connotation when used in a promise. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. So Randles Thompkins Filed A Report With APS Adult Protective ServicesConcerns Involving Mistreatment Vulnerable Adults Is defined as: “The willful action or inaction that inflicts injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment on a vulnerable adult. In instances of abuse of a vulnerable adult who is unable to express or demonstrate physical harm, pain, or mental anguish, the abuse is presumed to cause physical harm, pain, or mental anguish. Abuse includes sexual abuse, mental abuse, physical abuse, and exploitation of Lina Rye a vulnerable adult..” Lina Said To Me Randles (Help) Please! Mrs. Lina Rye Called Me Sometime Crying & Other Times Happy & I Feel So Alone Sometimes ! Isolating Individuals are kept from or are absent from normal activities with family, friends, or social events. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. Injuries Suspicious or unexplainable bruises, sores, or weight loss. Behaviors or emotions Change in normal personality. Daily living needs Neglect or inattention to hygiene, clothing, medication, food, or home. Property and finances Unexplainable financial changes or missing money and personal belongings. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. What is the process for APS investigations? 1. Intake: When you make a report online, in person, or by phone or fax, our intake specialists gather information to begin the investigative process. 2. Assignment: Each intake report is reviewed to determine if APS has jurisdiction and assigns an investigation time frame. 3. Investigation: Investigations include thorough interviews, observations, record reviews, and coordination with law enforcement and other agencies as needed. 4. Offer Services: We work with community partners to offer protective services, such as emergency shelter, food, medical care, personal assistance, counseling, and more. Lina Are you o.k. ? Is your daughter o.k. ? You told me I,am talking to my daughter... and i will call you back in about a hour... I hope you and your family are o.k. today. Let's talk soon... Randles Thompkins Your Old Friend From 2016... Thanks ! Good morning. I’ve made a promise to Jerry that I will no longer have any contact with you. From now on, I won’t be replying to any messages or calls. Please take care of yourself. I wish you all the best. Good morning to you lina... I do not know who Jerry is... You made a promise to Jerry not to talk to your old English teacher and friend from back in 2016. Last time I saw you in person was at Health Club 2020 and I only talked to you by phone 10 times from 2021 to 2025.. so you made a promise not to talk to your friend of 8 years now. Sad... Randles Wow ! WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And Ask Me (Randles) To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. Randles So now I understand why on Sunday morning E-mail I got from china in 2019. Shirlee Fen fin told me you (lina) are not married to Jerry Rye... Because you got married in front of a judge and not in a church. Because you did not Consummate your marriage refers to the first act of sexual intercourse between a married couple, which signifies the completion of the marriage. In some religious traditions, failure to consummate a marriage can lead to divorce or annulment, although this is not common in modern state laws. So Lina under US Law Because you did not Consummate your marriage with Jerry and in the eyes of God... Jerry can ask a judge for a divorce or annulment of the marriage... so if you wanted to leave Jerry in the future time or get a divorce... you will get no money... because you are not married in the first place... its annulment and your marriage is over lina. But I told Shirlee Fen fin if you are married ten (10 Years) Under US Common Laws you are married you can still get your half of the money and if you are 62 years old you can also get social security too. And No Jerry can not deport you back to China Ever! So if you need i'm hear for you Lina... Yes we are friends forever... as per are pinky promise you ask me to make with you at the MU Club back in 2019. Jan 4, 2020, 11:06 AM Randles Jan 4, 2020, 1:30 PM Randles so good afternoon to you. Randles Number 88 symbolizes fortune and good luck in Chinese culture, since the word 8 sounds similar to the word fā (发, which implies 发财, or wealth, in Mandarin or Cantonese) Jan 5, 2020, 9:05 AM Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. Lina 88 is saying goodbye in my hometown. Yesterday afternoon, Jerry went to party with his four old colleague. His colleague was the man on the left of the pool on Friday afternoon. He told Jerry that he knew it was me, but didn't talk to me. At that time, I felt that he stopped intentionally beside us. Want to hear us. 88 is say goodbye in my hometown. You are a very good teacher who has taught me a lot of knowledge. Thank you once again. Jan 5, 2020, 1:12 PM Randles all is well with me at the pool.... you did not do anything wrong.... i only help you and teaching you how to swim better in the pool.... so maybe it will help save your life some day.... if you fell in the water later in life. i'm only thinking about your safety. Randles yes i think so too.... (you felt that he stopped intentionally beside us) so he stop 2 times by you... to hear us talking about your swimming lessons... maybe jerry send him to the pool ? i do not know him at all. i'm been at this gym 20 years now. Randles WindyLina I’m in the gym now. I am everything ok. I didn’t doing something wrong. Randles do you want me to stop by ? WindyLina You decide for yourself, it's not my own gym. 88 Randles you are funny today.... i hope you want to see me. Jan 5, 2020, 4:06 PM Randles your school start on monday... hope you are coming to school too... 88 Jan 6, 2020, 6:48 PM Randles hope your friend day of school is going o.k. for you..... as you say.... i'm a good teacher and you a bad or slow student... you are 5th level and going for 6th.... very good job. Jan 6, 2020, 9:21 PM Lina I am starting school today! Thank you for your teaching and help. My oral English has improved a lot. You are my good teacher. The pictures are good, very meaningful, and your car is beautiful. Thank you for sharing. Jan 7, 2020, 8:33 AM Lina Good morning handsome boy. Today I am not going to the school. I’m going to the gym now. Have a nice day! Happy to talking to you. On Sunday night, Shirley Fen Finn spoke to Jerry on a WeChat video. Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Lina I don't want Jerry to misunderstand that we are male and female friends on a date. This gym has two good friends of Jerry, and they often party together. They talk about me, but I don't know them. Jan 7, 2020, 3:22 PM Randles you and me are not on a date.... its a swimming class only.... i'm your friend and english teacher... but i'm sad that you told me that jerry hit's you in arm and face and you are crying walking down the road... sad for me. so you are not alone now.... you have friends in spokane, wa. to turn to if you need help... i'm hear for you Lina. Jan 8, 2020, 1:20 PM Randles yes i'm up now.... hope you are doing good too. Jan 9, 2020, 4:57 PM Randles so hello.... its getting cilder now and maybe 6 - 8 inch of snow and zero temp. outside for this week. i have 2 homes one with internet and one with out it.... if you need help with your english words... i may not be on line... so you may call me for help with words etc. thanks your english teacher. Randles yes the word is colder... above getting colder Jan 9, 2020, 8:21 PM Lina I heard heavy snow tomorrow. Spokane is cold now, and I hate snowy weather. My English words are very small, because I can't remember, and I am lazy too. Because it is going to snow. You should stay at home. I'll call you tomorrow at the gym. Jan 12, 2020, 9:53 AM Lina Good morning !teacher. Thank you for teaching me English. We are just a teacher-student relationship. I never sought any help. I don't need anything else for help. Except for my bad English. Lina Jerry is very nice to me and my daughter. He cares about us everywhere, but he is also a person with shortcomings. He does not like to talk and express emotions. I am very grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for my daughter. He is a good father and good husband in my heart. Lina Every family has contradictions in life, and of course we are no exception. I am a person who is grateful. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, for giving us, and for giving me information. I will always be with him and caring for him forever. Lina Goodbye. Thank you for taught me English. I don't want to cause you any misunderstanding. Previously, you asked me for some photos, so please destroy them yourself. Thank you again. Lina [correct ] I am a grateful person. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, helping us, and trusting me. I will always be with him and always take care of him. Wed 12:46 PM Randles yes i understand your messages... i ask Fen in china not to talk to jerry about this e-mail... this is only a test to me. and if Fen words are true to me..... yes i'm a english teacher and civil rights worker too.... you and jerry are not in trouble at all.... with me or the wa. state as you told me.... he (jerry) hit you and walking down the hi-way (crying) and your friend fen (did not help you by talking to you and jerry at all. yes i and you and jerry and other have short comings in life and misunderstanding too. Randles so i hope now... because of me talking to fen.... you will have a better life with jerry... and jerry will stop hitting you and will start talking to you again... on your drive and other things in your life will get better now. as you say In 2020, all dreams come true. for you. Randles Randles Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen fin) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Rommel yes i'm at the gym.... lol... and yes i'm a good driver in the snow... i'm warm and a little cold maybe lina.... Lol Sat 4:10 PM Randles Fin told you something about me and it scared me. so can you tell me about it ? your friend ? you told me i can ask you any ? you say i will always tell the truth... thank you and i hope you can see for chinese new year on saturday 25 2020 ? Chinese New Year falls on Tuesday, February 5 in 2020, and on Saturday, January 25 in 2020. It's Lunar New Year, day 1 of China’s lunar calendar, which is within a day of the second new moon before the spring equinox moon phase. 10:24 AM Lina Good morning! Teacher Rommel. Thank you for told me so much real America. The customs between China and the United States are very different. The letter you wrote to Fen and the photos you send. Maybe Fen she misunderstood you. Lina She told me about your letter, your photo, and my situation. She thinks what you say, she feels false and unbelievable. So she told me something. I will go to the gym at noon today and I still hope to see you. We are friends, you are my English teacher and I respect you very much. About Fen. I respect your choice. Lina We chat and inevitably talk about Jerry. I am grateful and trusted for Jerry. Thanks for everything he gave us! Give my daughter a good education. No one is perfect, he is 70 years old, like a child, it is normal. Lina I am also grateful to you, thank you for being my English teacher and good friend. In the United States, I am unfamiliar with life. You explain it to me. thanks again! i have removed you from my facebook page... so no one can see or read old messages you send to me. Feb 8, 2020, 11:30 AM Randles hello lina yes i'm still your friend and i did not say to stop going to ESL school to you. i said if you heard that Deer Park has two patients with coronavirus infection. and that you think and worry that you are infected. maybe you need maybe you need to stop going to ESL school now to be safe. asi do not want you to be sick. you are welcome for your concern for me and my family in China. i only want you and family to be safe. as for english you ask for more and better english help. So i say i will help you more with reading english better. its o.k. you do not anymore help with english. its o.k. ( as you ask lina - i will not help you anymore ) and yes i understand jerry is not happy with you. no one may see you at home. no one may help you with english at home. no one can call you at home. no one can watch a movie with you in Deer Park. its o.k. that you don't want to cause misunderstanding with jerry. its o.k. but all your friends at ESL school can not see you or talk to you or eat dinner with you at your home in Deer Park. Yes i'm still your friend for life. yes you do have rights in the usa. be safe always randles thompkins your old or pass english teacher.... the miss understand come from facebook... as over 80+ messages say... Lina removed a message.... i did not see your writing to me in the first place as you or facebook removed it before i can read it. i hope you understand this info. so all the old facebook messages are gone now. Your english teacher ! Randles Randles Lina removed at message........ you and lina aren't connected on facebook but you may still write to her and send and friends request. Feb 8, 2020, 3:55 PM Lina I didn't say you asked me to stop taking ESL English classes. I just want to tell you that I will always take ESL English classes. My English is bad. I really don't want to say anything. So as not to cause more and more misunderstandings. Feb 8, 2020, 5:53 PM Lina I am still in the hospital waiting for Jerry's operation. His Wednesday operation was unsuccessful. Thank you for taught me English. Feb 9, 2020, 1:19 PM Randles thank you for writing me back.... sorry to hear that operation was unsuccessful and hope its goes better the next one.... its o.k. to talk to me. i do not feel i have a misunderstandings with you lina. sometime i think... why do i care and have a concern for people and friends so much. may be its not good for me to care about so many person's in the world. i think you are scared ? your husband is not happy and will not understand you may make a mistake in life sometimes. 1. (mistake) an action or judgment that is misguided or wrong. i'm not mad at you. you can still talk to me. but i will not help you with english as you ask me not too. hope you and jerry operation go better this time.... your friend... Randles Thompkins Randles if you need someone to talk to you anytime. i'm still hear for you lina. you have my info. be positive lina and hope for the best out come ! Feb 10, 2020, 2:08 PM Randles meanwhile in china today... you have 2 cute kittycat lina. Randles Feb 10, 2020, 6:38 PM Lina thanks again. We are still friends. Take care of yourself. Feb 11, 2020, 10:55 AM Randles yes i hope you and your family are well too. Feb 11, 2020, 5:50 PM Lina 谢谢 Randles hellolina i hope jerry is better today. yes thank you too. Lina He's better now. He can walk slowly. But haven't eaten yet I just making my own dinner ，I'm going to eat now! Randles yes very nice... you do not eat much after a operation like that..... my be chicken soup . Lina 88 Randles thanks for talking lina 88 Lina Thank you 88 Randles you are so sweet to me too.... thanks 88 Feb 13, 2020, 11:56 AM Randles so about the coronavirus infection... its 14 days now..... are you o.k. or sick and or any more info. about you and your family in china ? Feb 13, 2020, 1:31 PM You set the emoji to . Feb 13, 2020, 4:11 PM Randles i do not know if jerry can make it out to buy you a card or not... after being sick.... so happy valentine's day to you from jerry and me too. but not i same meaning as from jerry and mine from friendship to you. yes it feb.14 in china now. hope you are well this day. Randles yes i celebrating valentine's alone at my home in spokane and its o.k. for me ! asi'm alone all the time anyways and i'm a happy person all the time. Randles Feb 14, 2020, 2:27 PM Randles Happy Valentines Day To You Too. Feb 14, 2020, 5:55 PM Lina Jerry go to the emergency room again this afternoon. We have been waiting for the doctor. Happy Valentines Day ! My family is safe. They are far away from Wuhan. Thank you! 1 Feb 15, 2020, 12:47 PM Randles hello Lina... i'm happy your family and you are safe. jerry emergency room sad for you too. thank you for your valentines day wish for me. Randles Lina be careful with you money. i have a lady friend in 1991 got married to a man 65 yrs. old and she in 35 yrs old with kids from her first marrage... the man pass-a-way at 85 years and she 55 yrs. old at his death and married 20 years to him.... so the social security stop and retirement money stopped too... and social security told her.... you can not get half 1/2 your husband social security money un-tell you are 62 years old to get it.... why is this ? because young woman overseas and in the u.s. woman too... 18 to 30 yrs. old woman getting married to 70 to 80 yrs old man... thinking to get 1/2 husband social security money from her age of 30 to her death... maybe money for 50 years.... lina this is only info. for you.... you are a good woman lina and you told me you do not care for jerry money... you love him... i respect you very much for this... as you have a good hearted person.... like you and me it rare now days.... so i hope all will go good in the emergency room.... do not cry and hold your head up... you can talk to me anytime.... your friend for life.... Randles and happy day for you now and in the furture and again thanks for the valentines day wish ! Feb 15, 2020, 4:16 PM Lina I am very busy and tired. Talk to you later. thank you. Lina We are in the hospital and Jerry has still in hospital tonight Randles yes you are busy and tired too.... did not get sick yourself from working to hard and i hope jerry get better too... get some rest lina as you can.... tell me more about it if you want. is jerry a little sick or real sick ? hope you can handle it lina.... if you need help you are you need me to bring you food at the hospital let me know as you may not want to cook because you are tired and call anytime... 590-7*1-5**3 day or night your friend. Feb 20, 2020, 9:13 AM Lina Lina removed a message Jerry was discharged last Sunday afternoon. He has now recovering. Thank you. Mrs. Lina Rye & Randles Tompkins 2018 English to Chinese Translation Your English Language Teacher +你的英语老师+nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī Nanning Shi, Guangxi, China + 南宁市, 广西, 中国 + nánníngshì , guǎngxī , zhōngguó Favorite Quotes +有爱就有一切。 June 16, 2016 at 12:25pm I Did Not Know You Yet Lina But You Are At Chinese Drumming In Town 2016 Deer Park STA in 2016. However, there is a reference to Town-related Chinese cultural activities from that year. The Deer Park Chinese Association organized a dance group that practiced at the WSU Academic Center (SAC) starting from May 29, 2016. Hello to you 丽娜米 Lina Rye From Randles汤普金斯 or randlestāngpǔjīnsī You are my new friend 你是我的新朋友 6/17/18, 1:23 PM Randles so hello to you from fitness club hot tub 6/17/18, 9:22 PM You can now call each other and see information like Active Status and when you've read messages. Lina Hello 6/18/18, 11:57 AM Randles yes hello to you also.... nice day.... love to see your photo of you in china work unform. this is my navy photo age 24, 1980. 6/19/18, 1:58 PM Lina You was a navy and very handsome. I go to the gym right now and I hope to see you Lina 6/19/18, 6:05 PM Randles wow nice photo..... water and snow mt. in the back ground too...... the photo is from ? Randles Randles i'm out of town 2 days....me today lots of wild flowers.... back in town wed. morning... yes hope to see you too..... Your English Language Teacher..你的英语老师nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī 6/20/18, 8:40 PM Randles Lina This is a picture I took when I drove back from California last month on my way to spokane Lina You shot a lot of beautiful flowers. I went to the gym at 5 o'clock this afternoon. You are not there Lina Thank you, you are very nice to me. You are my good theacher Lina 6/21/18, 5:05 PM Randles i'm going to the gym now.... 5;20pm to 5;30 pm see you. you are fun to talk with too. 6/21/18, 6:57 PM Randles maybe we can plan to meet at same time... if you want too. 6/22/18, 12:21 PM Randles hello Lina today.... rainned last night. i will be at hot tub 6;15 pm friday... you are my friend. 6/22/18, 10:51 PM Lina 6/23/18, 11:06 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Randles June 23, 2018 at 11:09 AM I do not have messenger Lina Hello, this is Li Na’s husband. When you have time please call me 5*9 6*7 8**2. Thank you. 6/23/18, 4:33 PM Randles sorry i do know you ? you want to talk about is ? this is facebook 4 Lina Rye + 丽娜米i'm a English Teacher + 英语老师i'm randles and i work for men / woman civil rights in usa. Thank You. Randles Hello Li Na You may show this message to your husband... thanks ... i do not know him. 6/27/18, 8:05 PM Randles so hello to you... love to see the sport car pics of you..... thanks Lina 6/28/18, 8:36 PM Randles me and my kitty at Man ito Park... the park was officially established in April 1904 and has evolved from an undeveloped recreational area with a few flower beds, picnic spots, and a zoo to one of town primary showplaces. 6/29/18, 5:38 AM Lina Thank you for tell me about the history of the park. I will go to a friend's house in the morning and go to the gym in the afternoon. 6/29/18, 1:46 PM Randles very nice you like it your English Teacher. 6/29/18, 3:13 PM Lina I am going to the gym now 6/30/18, 5:20 PM Randles yes i'm going to gym at 7;00 pm tonight. 7/1/18, 1:13 PM Randles 7/2/18, 2:12 PM Lina My school is there 1 photoes Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 7/2/18, 7:14 PM Randles thanks 4 the pics.... yes i know the address now.... thank you. great photos too 7/3/18, 3:55 PM Randles hello Lina from your English Teacher.... remember you are not poor.... you are a good person..... you are a all american girl..... so happy 4th of July to you and your friends.... china is good too.... but you can also nice 4th of july. 7/4/18, 1:43 PM Lina My leg is swollen. I have not been to the gym for a few days. 7/5/18, 12:24 PM Randles hello hope your leg get better soon. Randles Swollen bug bites on your leg ? Randles Most bug bites that cause swelling however are localized and cause swelling more because of the body's attempt to isolate and deal with the foreign chemical without letting it spread. Most bug bites that swell are fairly safe, and unless the bite persists and gets worse, they should fade away and stop itching within 2-3 days. Randles Lina i hope this info. helps you.... your husband think it is ? 7/8/18, 4:00 PM Randles yes hi Lina hope you leg is getting better now ? Lina My leg is much better. I am taking a shower in the gym now. I will be at the gym after class tomorrow afternoon. Thank you Randles yes i happy you are better .... thank you Lina Randles you are so sweet to me. love to see more photos of you too. Lina You are a good teacher Randles yes thank you.... this is me today in the park. Lina I like to talking to you Randles yes i like talking to you too me at man ito park japanese garden in town Lina Wow you are very handsome Randles you are cute too Lina Randles Randles yes happy too Lina I am going take a shower Randles very nice..... have fun Lina See you tomorrow Randles hope too. i may go out of town 2 days 4 camping 7/9/18, 2:40 PM Randles hope you are better today.... you and your leg too 7/9/18, 5:03 PM Lina I am good and my leg is good too . 7/10/18, 6:44 PM Randles very nice you better. 7/11/18, 3:21 PM Randles are you going to hot tub today ? 7/11/18, 4:38 PM Lina I will go gym now Randles o.k. see you soon thank you. my newest photo 2 days ago Lina After twenty minutes Randles o.k. its good Lina Ok Randles in 20mins at gym 7/13/18, 1:57 PM Lina I am in the gym now 7/15/18, 1:08 PM Randles so hello today and hope all is well with you. .... i did not sell the sport car. 7/18/18, 8:36 PM Randles Lina Randles HELLO TODAY hope you are o.k. Lina I am good How are you Randles i'm good too.... working at home all day today. Lina I writing homework Randles very nice job. very hot lately. love to see more photos of you too. Lina I haven’t photos Randles older one from cc international Lina Randles nice.... hot tub next.... bye now Lina Good Lina How about the woman in the middle? She is beautiful Goodbye! I writing homework 7/20/18, 2:16 PM Randles yes she is nice looking. 7/25/18, 8:36 PM Randles so hello.... i'm camping 4 days this week 7/27/18, 5:44 PM Lina I went to the party this morning and just returned home. There was a traffic jam on the road. Lina I will go to the hot bath tonight. 9 o'clock tomorrow morning. My teacher led the students to pick up Hagbury. Welcome to join us. 7/27/18, 7:49 PM Lina 1 I am in the gym now. Lina I’m living the gym 7/31/18, 7:10 PM Randles yes hello to you.... very nice pics thank you.... very hot last days.... home how..... hot tub is over now. i last the gym at 6.45 pm today.... got to gym at 5;30 pm...... going out 4 taco now... or soon 7/31/18, 10:15 PM Lina I went to the gym after class today. I left the gym at four in the afternoon. Hope everything is fine with you! the weather is too hot for you See you soon Good bye 8/8/18, 2:40 PM Lina I am in the gym now Yesterday I want to the Luicetion City Lina Long time no see . Are you everything ok ？ I miss you 8/8/18, 7:23 PM Randles i'm good ... thank you.... i miss talking to you also.... out of town 10 days camping... thanks Randles hot tub soon.... maybe about 9.15 pm tonight. Lina It is to late for me. I doing my homework now . Randles yes its o.k..... to hot this week ? Lina enjoy your hot tub Randles nice photos of you too.... the big dog is at ? Lina I don't feel hot. Randles my home is cool.... but outside over a 100+ how your english class gone this year ? Lina Lewiston, Idaho Randles very nice Lina My English class ended on August 23. Randles yes i see.... i how help with englist too english Lina thank you for your help English Randles thing are good 4 you at home too ? Lina I don't understand this sentence. I am at home now. I am doing homework Randles how are you and your hasband doing this hot summer time. Lina I am taking an English class from Monday to Thursday. Jerry goes golfing on Wednesday and Thursday. Randles hope you are getting out to the park to see the flower etc. Lina You are very busy this summer. Randles camping a little.... i'm home again now. Lina Ok some day Randles you busy too. Lina I need to say good bye 。I am writing homework. Randles i want to take you Manito Park was officially established in April 1904 o.k. good bye now.... thanks for talking ! Lina see you next time. Thanks for talking to me Lina Randles thanks lina Lina Randles you are so nice to me all the time. 8/12/18, 3:40 PM Randles hot tub today ? i'm going at 5'15 pm sunday. 8/12/18, 6:47 PM Lina The leg on my left is very swollen. I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I need to rest for a few days. Enjoy hot tub. See you next time. 8/16/18, 2:33 PM Randles yes thanks.... your leg is bad again..... you are working out too much ? hope you get better soon. 8/22/18, 10:48 AM Lina Tomorrow school party and then finish the class My school is on holiday since Friday. Lina 8/22/18, 2:10 PM Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. 8/23/18, 2:44 PM Randles yes hope you are doing better now. Lina Thank you I’m in the gym now and I am going home Randles o.k. is the hot open now ? i can come see you if you want me too at the gym now Lina Ok . I am sitting in the hall. Randles o.k. it will take me ten mins. to get to you. Lina Ok See you soon 8/26/18, 2:15 PM Randles i got a new bike today. a very fast one Lina Wow. it is very beautiful Randles yes thank you... hot tub today ? Lina Not yet . Randles let me know... maybe i can go too. Lina Are you want to go? Randles yes i have the car info 4 you. Lina 4pm? Randles o.k. 4 pm is good 4 me Lina Ok See you soon Randles o.k. love to see pics of you in china Lina I will there before 4pm Randles o.k. thank you me friend Lina I will show you Randles thank you. I the park today Lina Anytime Randles see you 4 pm today Lina You are happy boy Ok Randles yes and you a happy girl Lina Where are you now? Randles at home now with my kitty Lina Are we going to the gym now? Randles 4 pm Lina Ok? Randles see at 4 pm is good Lina Ok See you at 4pm Randles you are so nice to me. Lina Randles Lina See you later Randles Lina Randles bye too 8/27/18, 8:09 PM Randles this photo is in town 2 years ago 8/28/18, 12:30 PM Lina Wow. look at the very cold in Spokane. I will go gym at the 1.30pm. Are you want to go? 8/28/18, 8:47 PM Randles not home today.... in town now... thanks 8/28/18, 10:24 PM Lina My professional photo 8/29/18, 2:09 PM Randles very nice one.... how are you today..... you want to help me with my tax ? 8/29/18, 3:17 PM Randles Li..... The meaning of the name Li is Pretty, Powerful. The origin of the name Li is Chinese. This is the culture in which the name originated, or in the case of a word, the language. If used for a female, this name means "pretty." For a male, "powerful." Lina I went to Shaoling's house this morning. We walked out from Shaoling's house. Her neighbor's dog jumped out of the fence and wanted to bite us. Jump first and want to bite Shaoling. Shaoling used a hat to drive it away. Then when it jumped up and bit me, I fell and shouted. Her neighbor came out to stop and apologize. Lina How can I help you with tax? Do you want to go to the gym today? What time you want to go? I can do it any time. 8/30/18, 2:53 PM Lina I’m in the gym now. 9/1/18, 1:00 PM Lina Hello there! I am at the gym now. Do you have time to come over? 我们可以出去玩一天。如果你有空闲时间。 We can go out for some day. If you have freetime. 9/1/18, 2:22 PM Randles yes hello today.... it is nice of you to have free time 4 me.... i'm going to the hottub today at 3pm saturday.... thanks 4 the birthday wishes too. 9/1/18, 3:48 PM Lina I am already home. Because today is the weekend no one is there Randles its o.k. hope you have a nice weekend too..... 9/3/18, 10:58 AM Lina I will go gym at 1:00pm Are you want to go ? 9/4/18, 5:49 PM Randles sorry thank you.... i'm at the gym up north spokane today..... thank you.... Lina Randles Lina Randles you o.k. i'm going to dinner soon. hope you are doing good my friend.... Lina My face is allergic without going to the gym today Thank you Goodbye Lina 9/5/18, 1:28 PM Randles hope you get better soon. 9/6/18, 7:53 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 9/7/18, 4:47 PM Randles i'm good today.... going to the fair next ! Lina I’m in the gym now Lina Lina Have fun. Randles thank you.... i left the hot tub already today. Lina We missed I am living now Randles sorry i missed you as you are fun to talk too. Lina I am leaving now Randles o.k. dinner time 4 you. Lina No only me here Randles ? you at gym now Lina Yes. I go take a shower. Randles very nice... i wash your back 4 you... Lina Thank you. No dinner for me. Randles you going home to eat.... i think Lina My friend had lunch at my house, I was too full. Randles very nice.... sound fun Lina I have lunch at three o'clock Randles yes i ate already too. Lina I am going to take a shower now Bye bey Randles thanks 4 talking bye 9/11/18, 3:23 PM Randles your daughter got married yesterday. She is currently studying for a Ph.D. in California.... i do not see you in the photos.... you did not go to her wedding ? Lina I did not go back to China, I did not attend her Chinese wedding. I have attended her church wedding in the United States. 9/12/18, 7:18 PM Randles very nice.... i'm thinking you said she in calif..... anyways she looking very nice in her chinese wedding.... i'm happy 4 her and you too. 9/13/18, 1:48 PM Lina Thank you. you are very nice man. Lina Lina 9/13/18, 5:48 PM Randles thanks and you are a very nice woman.... and i'm happy to help you with your english too.... Randles Randles me and my kitty 9/14/18, 4:28 PM Randles hot tub closed last night.... is it open today ? Lina I don't know, I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I want to ask you to have a buffet at noon next Tuesday. Do you have time? We meet at the gym in the morning and go to the pearl buffet together. ok?? 9/15/18, 4:08 PM Randles so hello... i do not know about tuesday yet.... my best days to go out are wed. thru saturday ! and pearl buffet is at ? 1 PEARLY China Buffet 8721 S. Lincoln Rd., Deer Park, WA 99208 Lina If you don't have time on Tuesday, we can change the time or cancel. No problem. Lina Thank you for helping me in teaching me English. I just want to say thank you. Randles how about any day wed. thur sat. ? 9/17/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you today ? 9/21/18, 1:52 PM Randles so happy birthday to your man jerry rye..... hope you both have a good and happy day ! Lina Thank you. we just ate lunch go home . Randles very nice.... birthday cake and ice cream next ? Lina We will eat ice cream cake at night. I want to go to the gym to lose weight now. I hope to see you in. Randles yes i see... gym now. so you at the gym now ? let me know time ? Lina I am living now. Randles o.k. see you in 30 mins. Lina See you at gym. Randles 9/21/18, 4:50 PM Randles yes hello today.... no pics to see.... gone o.k. the pics are back now... funny facebook 9/22/18, 12:29 PM Randles me downtown water falls and clock tower ! 9/22/18, 2:29 PM Lina We just got home from the valley fest. Have fun 9/23/18, 4:36 PM Randles very nice.... i did valley fest.... saturday very nice time too. p.s. i gave away 1.000 hawaiian lay to the kids. from the old show gun place. Lina You are a good man. I am cooking dinner. I will go to the gym after dinner. Randles very nice thank you ..... i buy the old showgun warehouse land in spokane 4 years... so i got 1.000 hawaiian lay.... old pics from inside old showgun... yes i clean it up ..... over 20 weeks to clean up.... thanks 4 your nice words to me. 9/23/18, 5:48 PM Lina I just finished my dinner. I will be at the gym before seven o'clock. Is it your old house? It is very clean. 9/24/18, 12:29 PM Randles yes hello thank you..... i'm your dog barking ..... bow wow..... come take me 4 a talk daily....lol Lina Thank you for the conversation last night. Say thank you for your good friend.I am in the class now. 9/24/18, 7:02 PM Randles you are welcome.... you talk about having a dog..... so i say.... bow wow..... come take me 4 a walk....lol Lina I like dogs, but I don't have a dog. Jerry likes cats because he doesn't have to go out. I am in the gym now. Randles i'm being funny.... i'm your dog now..... you can take me 4 a walk... bow wow.... lina Lina Today is the Mid-Autumn Festival. In China Randles 4 you Lina Hahaha, you are fany. I like your humor. Randles thank you. Lina Thank you so much. Randles you are a fun woman to talk with too. Lina I am not very talkative. I am a relatively boring person. Randles i think you are fun 4 me..... and you are cute too. Lina I'm going to take a shower. Goodbye Randles o.k. bye now.... thanks 4 talking to me. Lina Randles bye now..... you are not relatively boring person to me..... i love talking to you and see the photos from you. to help you with your english. 9/25/18, 6:04 PM Lina No I am at home. Are you want to go eat lunch Tomorrow ? Randles yes sound nice Timber Creek Grill Buffet maybe in valley ? Lina Ok see you at gym . Randles time ? Lina Before 12:30 Randles o.k. you want me at the gym like 11 am ? or 11.30 or noon ? Lina you decide 11:30am ok Randles o.k. gym at 11;30 am.... very nice.... hope you are well today ? Lina Ok Thank you. see you tomorrow morning. Randles nice.... looking at a map of your home town.... wow population of 6,913,800 Lina Yes very big City. Randles nice... town population is 220,000 only Lina Deer Park small town and country . Randles yes it is.... i'm born in town 1960 Lina You are country men A Mae Randles country man.... but live in the city boy ! lol Lina No.look like country man Lina Randles thank you lina Lina lol you are welcome Randles you do not look like a relatively boring person .... as you think you are ! Lina I am not a smart woman. I am a stupid person. Randles very sad..... you are a smart woman to me. Lina Ok say good bye see you tomorrow. Randles bye in china you are very smart.... you are only slow in usa.... as you learn english better ! Lina Good night have a nice day dream Lina Randles yes you too.... sweet dreams always. Randles Lina I went to the hospital this afternoon and I will injected my leg on Thursday afternoon. So tomorrow I will not go out with you after class. Thank you for helping me learn English. Thank you again 10/4/18, 1:24 PM Randles yes hello... hope you are o.k. too.... thank you 4 lunch the other day too.... i hope you enjoyed yourself... with all the english names animals... pics 4 you to show your english friends in china or overseas etc. 10/10/18, 6:04 PM Lina Hi I am in the gym now Randles yes hello.... hope you are good ? Lina Randles i left gym 20 mins ago Randles you are still my close friend.... your english teacher ! i'm still here 4 you. Lina Thank you very much I am going swimming now. Lina Randles o.k. have fun. 10/15/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you and your legs ? 10/24/18, 9:37 PM Lina thank you. My leg are much better now. After class I will go to the gym tomorrow. Are you going to the gym tomorrow? Are you everything ok? 10/31/18, 3:58 PM Lina Wow you are very luck and happy. long time no see. Are you all right? 11/6/18, 1:44 PM Randles i'm o.k..... you not talking to much to me.... nice photo thank you. 11/6/18, 6:18 PM Randles i do not know best time to meet you at hot tub... 11/10/18, 3:26 PM Randles i made it home o.k.... it started snow wow... i parked the car 4 winter now. hope all is well with you too.... your english teacher in 2018 11/13/18, 6:52 PM Lina I go to school and gym every day. Secondary rehabilitation training every week. When winter comes, you have to take care. 11/21/18, 5:18 PM Randles happy thanksgiving dinner to you. hope you have a good day too. 11/22/18, 11:48 AM Lina Happy thanksgiving 感恩节快乐 11/24/18, 2:15 PM Randles 谢谢 - 丽娜是个很好的朋友。 12/11/18, 11:35 AM Randles hope you are o.k. Lina I am going to the gym now. I want to see you at gym. I am okay thank you 12/11/18, 3:48 PM Randles i'm not in town today..... sorry.. yesi love to see and talk to you also... your friend ! 12/11/18, 8:52 PM Lina Hope everything is fine with you! I am at the gym every day. Merry Christmas 12/12/18, 5:09 PM Randles very nice... i left the gym about 30 mins ago today 12/18/18, 3:07 PM Randles i love to show you very nice x-mas lights in spokane... if you like to see ? you can drive too.... let me know ? like 4pm to 6pm at night. 12/24/18, 11:43 AM Lina Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! Lina 12/27/18, 11:35 AM Randles yes thank you.... Merry Christmas and Happy New Year and Chinese New Year also Tuesday, February 5 2019.... sorry you missed the lights. hope all is well with you too. 12/28/18, 7:12 PM Lina Today is my birthday We went to the airport casino to have a buffet. Wish you a Happy New Year Lina 12/30/18, 2:27 PM Randles yes happy birthday to you also... very nice day 4 you. this is a fireplace.... wow new years years too. Jan 3, 2019, 11:31 AM Randles Jan 3, 2019, 9:55 PM Lina China's night scene is very beautiful. Deer Park is like a big countryside Jan 4, 2019, 1:09 PM Randles yes very nice one Jan 31, 2019, 4:09 PM Randles so hello and happy end of Jan 31 2019 Randles May 21, 2019, 8:22 PM Randles hello to you... hope all is well with you too. posted my new pics today wild flowers etc. Lina You are very handsome. I am in Los Angeles now. I will go back in town next month. Jun 12, 2019, 7:40 PM Randles you are sweet too.... love to see some pics of you in LA. hope all is well with you too. you go to china to in march ? i miss talking and helping you with you english too.... Happy New Year 2020 Wishes Lina from Me. Randles As new year is celebrated on the very first day of every year and there is a national holiday on this particular occasion in some countries. Everyone take the advantage of that holiday and celebrate this day with their loved ones. Every community in this world or every single religion present on this earth celebrate Happy new year with full of fun and excitement. Start the first day of a New year with happiness by sharing your feelings with the other person who is very close to your heart through these amazing Happy new year wishes. As wishes are very important you can express your care, love by wishing that person. Randles Jan 1, 2020, 11:44 AM Lina Happy New year In 2020, all dreams come true. something or someone has made an extremely favourable impression of you. Lina I am at my friend’s house now About 2:30pm, I will be here. Randles can i meet you today at ? gym 2;30 pm ? Lina Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen fin or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Randles Why are you scared Lina? After Shirlee Fen fin told me something about you, it scared me. So she told you ? Lina i have no answer for you... o.k. but i never talk to Shirlee in-person... we only sent text to each other in China... So you are still scared ? No Answers from Lina ever. Min-hun Ceremonial Marriage Mín-hūn, also known as a ghost marriage or spirit marriage, is a traditional Chinese custom where one or both parties in a marriage are deceased. This practice, which dates back to the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), is rooted in beliefs about ancestor worship and the afterlife, where it is thought that an unmarried person's spirit may feel lonely and cause harm if not properly paired. The primary purpose is to ensure the deceased's contentment in the afterlife and prevent them from haunting the living. The ceremony, known as míng hūn (冥婚), involves rituals similar to a living marriage, including the use of a matchmaker, the negotiation of dowry (often in the form of paper tributes offered to the dead), and a formal banquet. The deceased can be represented by a spirit tablet, a paper effigy, or, in some cases, their actual corpse. A crucial part of the ritual, especially in historical and rural practices, is the reburial of the deceased bride's remains within the groom's grave to symbolize their union. While the practice is illegal and very rare in modern China, it persists in some rural areas, particularly in northern China. The tradition has been linked to a black market for female corpses, driven by a significant gender imbalance and the demand for brides, both living and dead. Cases have been reported where families have dug up graves to sell a deceased daughter's body for a ghost marriage, sometimes leading to further exploitation when the body is resold. The practice has also been associated with criminal activities, including murder, to obtain corpses for sale. The custom is not limited to China; similar traditions exist in other cultures, such as in Sudan, India, and parts of Europe, though the specific rituals and beliefs vary. In Taiwan, the tradition differs, with a deceased woman typically being married to a living man, and the man being free to remarry. Lina I feel you and me are close friends over 10 years now. Both of are chakras mind body and soul are together now in life. This refers to energy are centers in the body that are believed to influence physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. These chakras are positioned along the spine, from the base to the crown of the head, and each has its own unique characteristics, including color, element, and psychological themes. The idea of East meet West and our chakras becoming "one" is often associated with the concept of spiritual awakening or enlightenment, where the energy centers are in perfect harmony, allowing for a deeper connection to the self and the universe. In summary Lina, You and Me and Are seven chakras are energy centers in the body that, when balanced, contribute to a state of harmony and well-being. The concept of the chakras becoming "one" is a metaphor for achieving a balanced and harmonious state of being, which is often associated with spiritual growth and enlightenment as you and me are close friends over 10 years now.. In Chinese traditions, the focus is often on the balance of yin and yang, and the flow of qi through meridians. Practices such as tai chi and qigong are designed to cultivate and balance this energy, leading to a state of physical and spiritual harmony. While the term "chakra" is not commonly used in traditional Chinese philosophy, there are analogous concepts such as meridians and energy centers that are central to practices like acupuncture and qigong. These systems focus on the flow of vital energy, or "qi," through the body. The idea of "body and flesh becoming one" is more aligned with the goals of certain meditative and energy practices, where the practitioner aims to harmonize the physical and energetic aspects of the body. Hi Randles, Thank you for your message to me. I’m sorry, but my English is not very good, and I couldn’t fully understand everything you wrote there were too many ellipses, and some parts were unclear to me. So please allow me to respond simply by expressing my own thoughts. We met at the gym nearly ten years ago. At that time, I truly was alone I didn’t know anyone, and I had no friends in the community. I went to the gym twice a day just to pass the time. I started talking with you because I wanted to learn English. You were always patient and polite, and I sincerely appreciated that. I saw you as an English teacher, and I tried to learn from you with respect. To this day, my English is still limited, and I don’t feel comfortable speaking on the phone in English. I have difficulty expressing myself clearly. But please understand I am not weak or helpless. I used to be a professional basketball player. I don’t share my struggles easily with anyone, and I have never asked anyone including Jerry for help. Life is not always easy. We all have our challenges and make our own choices. I’m focused on my own life now, and I hope you will do the same. I truly wish you good health and peace. Thank you again for the help you gave me with English. As we say in Chinese: “Once a teacher, always a teacher.” Take care, Lina p.s. don't forget to put me in your will... before you die... lol July 4th 2025 !

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1008th Video... The History Of American Vehicles Is A Story Of Pioneering Automobile Age Of Innovation, Industrial Revolution, And Global Dominance, Beginning. (Lina In Photo Is Sitting In A $200,000 Very Rare 1980 One of One U.S.A. Made Roadster Prototype With A 350 Engine & 4 Speed Automatic... Wow). So In The 1890s With The First Successful Gasoline-Powered Automobile, The Duryea Motor Wagon, Patented In 1895. The industry rapidly evolved, culminating in Henry Ford's introduction of the Model T in 1908, which revolutionized manufacturing with the moving assembly line, making cars affordable for the middle class and establishing the United States as the world's leading automotive producer. While the U.S. industry faced significant challenges from foreign competition and economic crises in the late 20th century, it has adapted, with the rise of American electric vehicle manufacturer Tesla, which has become one of the world's most valuable companies, signaling a new era in the industry. Early Pioneers and Mass Production: The first American automobile, the Duryea Motor Wagon, was built by Charles and Frank Duryea in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1893, and was patented in 1895. This innovation was followed by Ransom E. Olds' Oldsmobile Curved Dash, one of the first mass-produced cars, which began production in 1901. The industry's defining moment came with Henry Ford's Model T, introduced in 1908, which utilized the moving assembly line to drastically reduce production time and cost, making automobiles accessible to a much broader segment of the population. The Golden Era and Industry Consolidation: The 1950s and 1960s are often considered the golden era of American automotive manufacturing, with the "Big Three" – General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler – dominating the market and producing over 8.2 million passenger cars in 1969. This period saw the rise of iconic models like the Ford Mustang and significant design shifts towards more compact and economical vehicles, influenced by the popularity of foreign models like the Volkswagen. The industry's growth was also fueled by the passage of the 1956 Interstate Highway Act, which expanded the national road network and reinforced the nation's reliance on automobiles. Challenges and the Modern Era: The 1970s marked the beginning of the "Malaise Era," characterized by increased competition from Asian and European manufacturers, oil embargoes that drove demand for fuel-efficient vehicles, and growing concerns over safety and environmental impact, which led to regulatory changes. The industry faced a major crisis in 2008, resulting in the bankruptcy of General Motors and Chrysler, which were subsequently bailed out by the federal government. In response to these challenges and shifting market demands, the industry has evolved, with a significant focus on innovation in electric vehicles, exemplified by the rise of Tesla, which now produces around a quarter of the world's fully-electric passenger cars. The automobile was first invented and perfected in Germany and France in the late 1800s, though Americans quickly came to dominate the automotive industry in the first half of the twentieth century. Henry Ford innovated mass-production techniques that became standard, and Ford, General Motors and Chrysler emerged as the “Big Three” auto companies by the 1920s. Manufacturers funneled their resources to the military during World War II, and afterward automobile production in Europe and Japan soared to meet growing demand. Once vital to the expansion of American urban centers, the industry had become a shared global enterprise with the rise of Japan as the leading automaker by 1980. Although the automobile was to have its greatest social and economic impact in the United States, it was initially perfected in Germany and France toward the end of the nineteenth century by such men as Gottlieb Daimler, Karl Benz, Nicolaus Otto and Emile Levassor. When Were Cars Invented? The 1901 Mercedes, designed by Wilhelm Maybach for Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft, deserves credit for being the first modern motorcar in all essentials. Its thirty-five-horsepower engine weighed only fourteen pounds per horsepower, and it achieved a top speed of fifty-three miles per hour. By 1909, with the most integrated automobile factory in Europe, Daimler employed some seventeen hundred workers to produce fewer than a thousand cars per year. Nothing illustrates the superiority of European design better than the sharp contrast between this first Mercedes model and Ransom E. Olds‘ 1901-1906 one-cylinder, three-horsepower, tiller-steered, curved-dash Oldsmobile, which was merely a motorized horse buggy. But the Olds sold for only $650, putting it within reach of middle-class Americans, and the 1904 Olds output of 5,508 units surpassed any car production previously accomplished. The central problem of automotive technology over the first decade of the twentieth century would be reconciling the advanced design of the 1901 Mercedes with the moderate price and low operating expenses of the Olds. This would be overwhelmingly an American achievement. Henry Ford and William Durant Bicycle mechanics J. Frank and Charles Duryea of Springfield, Massachusetts, had designed the first successful American gasoline automobile in 1893, then won the first American car race in 1895, and went on to make the first sale of an American-made gasoline car the next year. Thirty American manufacturers produced 2,500 motor vehicles in 1899, and some 485 companies entered the business in the next decade. In 1908 Henry Ford introduced the Model T and William Durant founded General Motors. The new firms operated in an unprecedented seller’s market for an expensive consumer goods item. With its vast land area and a hinterland of scattered and isolated settlements, the United States had a far greater need for automotive transportation than the nations of Europe. Great demand was ensured, too, by a significantly higher per capita income and more equitable income distribution than European countries. Model T Given the American manufacturing tradition, it was also inevitable that cars would be produced in larger volume at lower prices than in Europe. The absence of tariff barriers between the states encouraged sales over a wide geographic area. Cheap raw materials and a chronic shortage of skilled labor early encouraged the mechanization of industrial processes in the United States. This in turn required the standardization of products and resulted in the volume production of such commodities as firearms, sewing machines, bicycles, and many other items. In 1913, the United States produced some 485,000 of the world total of 606,124 motor vehicles. The Ford Motor Company greatly outpaced its competitors in reconciling state-of-the-art design with moderate price. Cycle and Automobile Trade Journal called the four-cylinder, fifteen-horsepower, $600 Ford Model N (1906-1907) “the very first instance of a low-cost motorcar driven by a gas engine having cylinders enough to give the shaft a turning impulse in each shaft turn which is well built and offered in large numbers.” Deluged with orders, Ford installed improved production equipment and after 1906 was able to make deliveries of a hundred cars a day. Encouraged by the success of the Model N, Henry Ford was determined to build an even better “car for the great multitude.” The four-cylinder, twenty-horsepower Model T, first offered in October 1908, sold for $825. Its two-speed planetary transmission made it easy to drive, and features such as its detachable cylinder head made it easy to repair. Its high chassis was designed to clear the bumps in rural roads. Vanadium steel made the Model T a lighter and tougher car, and new methods of casting parts (especially block casting of the engine) helped keep the price down. Committed to large-volume production of the Model T, Ford innovated modern mass production techniques at his new Highland Park, Michigan, plant, which opened in 1910 (although he did not introduce the moving assembly line until 1913-1914). The Model T runabout sold for $575 in 1912, less than the average annual wage in the United States. By the time the Model T was withdrawn from production in 1927, its price had been reduced to $290 for the coupe, 15 million units had been sold, and mass personal “automobility” had become a reality. Automotive Industry Growing Pains Ford’s mass production techniques were quickly adopted by other American automobile manufacturers. (European automakers did not begin to use them until the 1930s.) The heavier outlays of capital and larger volume of sales that this necessitated ended the era of easy entry and free-wheeling competition among many small producers in the American industry. The number of active automobile manufacturers dropped from 253 in 1908 to only 44 in 1929, with about 80 percent of the industry’s output accounted for by Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler, formed from Maxwell in 1925 by Walter P. Chrysler. Most of the remaining independents were wiped out in the Great Depression, with Nash, Hudson, Studebaker, and Packard hanging on only to collapse in the post-World War II period. The Model T was intended to be “a farmer’s car” that served the transportation needs of a nation of farmers. Its popularity was bound to wane as the country urbanized and as rural regions got out of the mud with passage of the 1916 Federal Aid Road Act and the 1921 Federal Highway Act. Moreover, the Model T remained basically unchanged long after it was technologically obsolete. Model T owners began to trade up to larger, faster, smoother riding, more stylish cars. The demand for basic transportation the Model T had met tended increasingly in the 1920s to be filled from the backlog of used cars piling up in dealers’ lots as the market became saturated. Car Sales Stall By 1927 replacement demand for new cars was exceeding demand from first-time owners and multiple-car purchasers combined. Given the incomes of the day, automakers could no longer count on an expanding market. Installment sales had been initiated by the makers of moderately priced cars in 1916 to compete with the Model T, and by 1925 about three-quarters of all new cars were bought “on time” through credit. Although a few expensive items, such as pianos and sewing machines, had been sold on time before 1920, it was installment sales of automobiles during the twenties that established the purchasing of expensive consumer goods on credit as a middle-class habit and a mainstay of the American economy. GM Introduces ‘Planned Obsolescence’ Market saturation coincided with technological stagnation: In both product and production technology, innovation was becoming incremental rather than dramatic. The basic differences that distinguish post-World War II models from the Model T were in place by the late 1920s—the self-starter, the closed all-steel body, the high-compression engine, hydraulic brakes, syncromesh transmission and low-pressure balloon tires. The remaining innovations—the automatic transmission and drop-frame construction—came in the 1930s. Moreover, with some exceptions, cars were made much the same way in the early 1950s as they had been in the 1920s. To meet the challenges of market saturation and technological stagnation, General Motors under the leadership of Alfred P. Sloan, Jr., in the 1920s and 1930s innovated planned obsolescence of product and put a new emphasis on styling, exemplified in the largely cosmetic annual model change—a planned triennial major restyling to coincide with the economics of die life and with annual minor face-liftings in between. The goal was to make consumers dissatisfied enough to trade in and presumably up to a more expensive new model long before the useful life of their present cars had ended. Sloan’s philosophy was that “the primary object of the corporation … was to make money, not just to make motorcars.” He believed that it was necessary only that GM’s cars be “equal in design to the best of our competitors … it was not necessary to lead in design or to run the risk of untried experiments.” Thus engineering was subordinated to the dictates of stylists and cost-cutting accountants. General Motors became the archetype of a rational corporation run by a technostructure. As Sloanism replaced Fordism as the predominant market strategy in the industry, Ford lost the sales lead in the lucrative low-priced field to Chevrolet in 1927 and 1928. By 1936 GM claimed 43 percent of the U.S. market; Ford with 22 percent had fallen to third place behind Chrysler with 25 percent. Although automobile sales collapsed during the Great Depression, Sloan could boast of GM that “in no year did the corporation fail to earn a profit.” (GM retained industry leadership until 1986 when Ford surpassed it in profits.) World War II and the Auto Industry The automobile industry had played a critical role in producing military vehicles and war matériel in the First World War. During World War II, in addition to turning out several million military vehicles, American automobile manufacturers made some seventy-five essential military items, most of them unrelated to the motor vehicle. These materials had a total value of $29 billion, one-fifth of the nation’s war production. Because the manufacture of vehicles for the civilian market ceased in 1942 and tires and gasoline were severely rationed, motor vehicle travel fell dramatically during the war years. Cars that had been nursed through the Depression long after they were ready to be junked were patched up further, ensuring great pent-up demand for new cars at the war’s end. Detroit’s Big Three carried Sloanism to its illogical conclusion in the postwar period. Models and options proliferated, and every year cars became longer and heavier, more powerful, more gadget-bedecked, more expensive to purchase and to operate, following the truism that large cars are more profitable to sell than small ones. Rise of Japanese Automakers Engineering in the postwar era was subordinated to the questionable aesthetics of nonfunctional styling at the expense of economy and safety. And quality deteriorated to the point that by the mid-1960s American-made cars were being delivered to retail buyers with an average of twenty-four defects a unit, many of them safety-related. Moreover, the higher unit profits that Detroit made on gas-guzzling “road cruisers” were made at the social costs of increased air pollution and a drain on dwindling world oil reserves. The era of the annually restyled road cruiser ended with the imposition of federal standards of automotive safety (1966), emission of pollutants (1965 and 1970), and energy consumption (1975); with escalating gasoline prices following the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979; and especially with the mounting penetration of both the U.S. and world markets first by the German Volkswagen “Bug” (a modern Model T) and then by Japanese fuel-efficient, functionally designed, well-built small cars. After peaking at a record 12.87 million units in 1978, sales of American-made cars fell to 6.95 million in 1982, as imports increased their share of the U.S. market from 17.7 percent to 27.9 percent. In 1980 Japan became the world’s leading auto producer, a position it continues to hold. U.S. Carmakers Retool In response, the American automobile industry in the 1980s underwent a massive organizational restructuring and technological renaissance. Managerial revolutions and cutbacks in plant capacity and personnel at GM, Ford and Chrysler resulted in leaner, tougher firms with lower break-even points, enabling them to maintain profits with lower volumes in increasingly saturated, competitive markets. Manufacturing quality and programs of employee motivation and involvement were given high priority. The industry in 1980 undertook a five-year, $80 billion program of plant modernization and retooling. Functional aerodynamic design replaced styling in Detroit studios, as the annual cosmetic change was abandoned. Cars became smaller, more fuel-efficient, less polluting and much safer. Product and production were being increasingly rationalized in a process of integrating computer-aided design, engineering and manufacturing. Legacy of the U.S. Auto Industry The automobile has been a key force for change in twentieth-century America. During the 1920s the industry became the backbone of a new consumer goods-oriented society. By the mid-1920s it ranked first in value of product, and in 1982 it provided one out of every six jobs in the United States. In the 1920s the automobile became the lifeblood of the petroleum industry, one of the chief customers of the steel industry, and the biggest consumer of many other industrial products. The technologies of these ancillary industries, particularly steel and petroleum, were revolutionized by its demands. The automobile stimulated participation in outdoor recreation and spurred the growth of tourism and tourism-related industries, such as service stations, roadside restaurants and motels. The construction of streets and highways, one of the largest items of government expenditure, peaked when the Interstate Highway Act of 1956 inaugurated the largest public works program in history. The automobile ended rural isolation and brought urban amenities—most important, better medical care and schools—to rural America (while paradoxically the farm tractor made the traditional family farm obsolete). The modern city with its surrounding industrial and residential suburbs is a product of the automobile and trucking. The automobile changed the architecture of the typical American dwelling, altered the conception and composition of the urban neighborhood, and freed homemakers from the narrow confines of the home. No other historical force has so revolutionized the way Americans work, live, and play. In 1980, 87.2 percent of American households owned one or more motor vehicles, 51.5 percent owned more than one, and fully 95 percent of domestic car sales were for replacement. Americans have become truly auto-dependent. But though automobile ownership is virtually universal, the motor vehicle no longer acts as a progressive force for change. New forces—the electronic media, the laser, the computer, and the robot probably foremost among them—are charting the future. A period of American history that can appropriately be called the Automobile Age is melding into a new Age of Electronics Testla. Real Timeline Of Deception Part 0 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Exploring Tartaria - Old World Secrets Revealed https://rumble.com/v2u8ef4-real-timeline-of-deception-part-0-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 1 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Timeline Deception - Part I - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2ua8sa-real-timeline-of-deception-part-1-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 2 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Timeline Deception - Part II - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2ubf4w-real-timeline-of-deception-part-2-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 3 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The King of Tartaria - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2ueih6-real-timeline-of-deception-part-3-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 4 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Saints - Relics, Reliquaries, & The First Resurrection https://rumble.com/v2ugl92-real-timeline-of-deception-part-4-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 5 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Saints - The Ruling Class - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2uij7w-real-timeline-of-deception-part-5-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 6 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years From Atheism, Agnosticism, New Age, Protestantism, to Roman Catholicism https://rumble.com/v2ujvr6-real-timeline-of-deception-part-6-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 7 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years The Millennial Kingdom of God - Exploring Tartaria https://rumble.com/v2uldss-real-timeline-of-deception-part-7-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 8 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Magic of the White City 1893 Chicago World's Fair https://rumble.com/v2un20g-real-timeline-of-deception-part-8-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 9 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years 1000 Years Added To Our History & Dark Ages Never Existed https://rumble.com/v2uo07i-real-timeline-of-deception-part-9-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-ou.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 10 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Church History - Complete Documentary AD 33 to Present https://rumble.com/v2uprfu-real-timeline-of-deception-part-10-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 11 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Christmas Unveiled - Pied Piper - Templars Secret - Saturn's Workshop - Giants Stealing Children https://rumble.com/v2urmd0-real-timeline-of-deception-part-11-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 12 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Ancient Cloning Factories - Foundlings - Incubators - Test-Tube Babies https://rumble.com/v2uu8ck-real-timeline-of-deception-part-12-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Real Timeline Of Deception Part 13 Exploring Tartaria 1000 Years Homunculus Unveiled - Jesus - Artificial Generation - Liber Vaccae - Lost Esoteric Secrets https://rumble.com/v2uwmvc-real-timeline-of-deception-part-13-exploring-tartaria-1000-years-added-to-o.html Archaix Chronology Anunnaki Sumerian Gods Crystalinks Timelines 2040B.C. 2046A.D. https://rumble.com/v2v0zks-archaix-chronology-anunnaki-sumerian-gods-crystalinks-timelines-2040b.c.-20.html Archaix 2.0 Doomsday Chronology Five color charts with extensive Legend-chronology; exhibits 62 dates involving 300 events in linear timeline combining the Phoenix and Nemesis X Object appearances, the Mayan Long-Count baktuns and the Anunnaki NER 600 year periods, a history spanning over 74 centuries to May 2040 and November 2046. https://rumble.com/v2b2zqq-a-must-see-video-what-on-earth-happened-parts-14-all-13-parts-together-woeh.html The Lost History of Earth (Ewaranon) W0W - A Must See Video Lost Earth Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. https://rumble.com/v28b4q6-a-must-see-video-lhfe-part-8-history-of-a-lost-earth-all-7-parts-together-l.html The Secret Life of Symbols with Jordan Maxwell Knowledge of the Heavens, Life on Earth https://rumble.com/v28wyns-the-secret-life-of-symbols-with-jordan-maxwell-knowledge-of-the-heavens-lif.html Ancient Religions From Alpha To Stone Age To Omega To Modern Times To Infinity https://rumble.com/v2wigv2-ancient-religions-from-alpha-to-stone-age-to-omega-to-modern-times-to-infin.html This 11.5 Hrs. Full Documentary With Sound Is About Ancient Religions From Alpha To Stone Age To Omega To Modern Times To Infinity. Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (1) Turning Inward Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v4a88i9-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-1turning-inward-lost-history-earth.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (2) Of Maps and Magicians Lost History - https://rumble.com/v4a9rrc-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-2ofmapsandmagicians-lost-history.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (3) Flattening The Curve Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v4abbl6-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-3flattening-thecurve-lost-history-.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (4) Vanishing Points and The Old Clock - https://rumble.com/v4acotu-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-4vanishing-pointsand-the-oldclock.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (5) The Red Shield Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v4ady4x-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-5thered-shield-lost-history-earth.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (6) Infiltration Instead of Invasion - https://rumble.com/v4aepeu-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-6infiltrationinstead-ofinvasion.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (7) Eyes Wide Open Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v4afpa9-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-7eyes-wide-open-lost-history-earth.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (8) The Looking Glass Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v4ah5kc-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-8thelooking-glass-lost-history-ear.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (9) Panic ! So A Must See Video Today - https://rumble.com/v4aizex-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-9panic-so-a-must-see-video-today.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (10) The Energetic Earth A Lost History - https://rumble.com/v4akmr6-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-10theenergetic-earth-a-lost-histor.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (11) The Bumblebee and The Hexagon - https://rumble.com/v4alm2o-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-11the-bumblebee-and-thehexagon.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (12) Stranger Than Fiction Lost History - https://rumble.com/v4amqdi-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-12stranger-than-fiction-lost-histo.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (13) Down The Rabbit Hole Lost History - https://rumble.com/v4anbp0-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-13down-therabbit-hole-lost-history.html Atmospheric What On Earth Happened Parts (14) All 13 Parts Together 8hrs. 12mins. - https://rumble.com/v4ap320-atmospheric-what-on-earth-happened-parts-14-all-13-parts-together-8hrs.-12m.html A Must See Video What On Earth Happened Parts (14) All 13 Parts Together. Secrets in Plain Sight - Secrets Inside Everyday Objects All 23 Volume Documentary - https://rumble.com/v3g5qch-secrets-in-plain-sight-secrets-inside-everyday-objects-all-23-volume-docume.html Secrets in Plain Sight is an awe inspiring exploration of great art, architecture, and urban design which skillfully unveils an unlikely intersection of geometry, politics, numerical philosophy, religious mysticism, new physics, music, astronomy, and world history. See how profound ancient knowledge inherited from Egypt has been encoded in units of measurement, in famous works of art, in the design of major buildings, in the layout of city streets and public spaces, and in the precise placement of obelisks and other important monuments upon the Earth. The viewer is led to perceive an elegant harmonic system linking the human body with the architectural, urban, planetary, solar, and galactic scales. Exploring key monuments and their positions in Egypt, Stonehenge, Jerusalem, Rome, Paris, London, Edinburgh, Washington DC, New York, and San Francisco brings to light a secret obsession shared by pharaohs, philosophers and kings; templars and freemasons; great artists and architects; popes and presidents, spanning the whole of recorded history up to the present time. As the series of videos reveals how profound ancient knowledge inherited from Egypt has been encoded in units of measurement, in famous works of art, in the design of major buildings, in the layout of city streets and public spaces, and in the precise placement of obelisks and other important monuments upon the Earth, the viewer is led to perceive an elegant harmonic system linking the human body with the architectural, urban, planetary, solar, and galactic scales. Stolen History - Nothing Is as It seems (Part 0 - Post-Reset War of the 19th Century). The official version of human history is a construct of lies. We are in a state of collective amnesia. Let us get rid of the artificial matrix that has been imposed on us. Stolen History Part 0 - The Post-Reset War of the 19th Century - TheRealOriginoftheWorld - https://rumble.com/v3e7ssx-stolen-history-part-0-the-post-reset-war-of-the-19th-century-therealorigino.html Stolen History - Nothing Is as It seems (Part 1 - Introduction). The official version of human history is a construct of lies. We are in a state of collective amnesia. Let us get rid of the artificial matrix that has been imposed on us. The Real Origin of the World ? Stolen History Part 1 - Lifting the Veil of Deception - TheRealOriginoftheWorld - https://rumble.com/v3e9hn5-stolen-history-part-1-lifting-the-veil-of-deception-therealoriginoftheworld.html Stolen History - Nothing Is as It seems (Part 2 - Destruction of the Old World Stolen). The official version of human history is a construct of lies. We are in a state of collective amnesia. Let us get rid of the artificial matrix that has been imposed on us. The Real Origin of the World ? The official version of human history is a construct of lies. Our we in a state of collective amnesia. Stolen History Part 2 - The Destruction old World - TheRealOriginoftheWorld - https://rumble.com/v3eb23o-stolen-history-part-2-the-destruction-old-world-therealoriginoftheworld.html Stolen History - Nothing Is as It seems (Part 3 - Mystery of the World's Fairs). The official version of human history is a construct of lies. We are in a state of collective amnesia. Let us get rid of the artificial matrix that has been imposed on us. This part covers the World's Fairs and the period in which they took place. Stolen History Part 3 - The Mystery of the World's Fairs - TheRealOriginoftheWorld - https://rumble.com/v3ecipd-stolen-history-part-3-the-mystery-of-the-worlds-fairs-therealoriginofthewor.html Some available information suggests that even after the worldwide, game-changing event we call the Reset or Mud Flood, there still remained countless complete and beautiful cities that were conquered by a new power elite and then repurposed as "World's Fairs". Especially in America, the so-called New World, the many Greco-Roman cities would have been difficult to explain because in contrast to Europe, the Americas do not have an official greco-roman history. The more carefully one investigates, the more difficult it becomes to find plausible explanations for the construction and destruction of these extraordinary and huge exhibition areas. The official version about the World's Fairs can be summarized as follows: People in the 19th century loved Greco-Roman architecture for reasons unknown, so it was extremely important to the architects who organized the World's Fairs between 1850 and about 1914 to build in a classical style. Because of its size and expansive grounds, it was virtually impossible for guests to see the entire fair, even after multiple visits. Most of the buildings, it is said, were made of wood, plaster and linen fiber in order to keep costs as low as possible and to be able to demolish them quickly once the World's Fair was over. However, if we take a closer look at some of the photos of these brand new buildings, doubts about the official story quickly arise. Many buildings, for example, show signs of age shortly after completion and appear to be heavily eroded - such as the "Fountain of the Earth". If the official origin story is coherent, shouldn't these buildings have looked brand new? Instead, from the very beginning, we are looking at ancient monuments that might as well have come from the fabled Atlantis or ancient Rome. Secret Life Of Symbols - Jordan Maxwell Knowledge Of The Heavens, Life On Earth - https://rumble.com/v3eiefd-secret-life-of-symbols-jordan-maxwell-knowledge-of-the-heavens-life-on-eart.html Secret Life of Symbols Start with 00:00:00 World of the Occult 00:36:02 Solar Worship 01:09:26 Mazzaroth - Ordinances of Heaven 01:37:29 Creating Man in Our Image 02:11:45 Solomon’s Temple & The Ark 02:53:31 Secret Legacy of Moses 03:25:52 Saturn and Secret Societies 03:55:07 Secrets of the Dollar 04:15:03 Incorporating America 04:42:21 Dawn of a New Day Secret symbols have long been used to convey occult teachings and esoteric knowledge of the heavens, life on Earth and the meaning to our existence. For millennia, these secrets were kept by the elite, for their own benefit. By decoding ancient scriptures and symbols, we gain a new perspective of the clandestine forces which have guided human civilization through the ages. All around us are the secrets we seek to revealing our connection to the universe and unlock the deepest truths of human destiny. In this ground-breaking series, Jordan Maxwell discloses what he has come to understand concerning the mysteries hidden in the secret life of symbols, that you were never intended to know. This knowledge frees us from the ties that have long bound us to a secret agenda controlling the course of human evolution. But the tip of the iceberg is that this video also perhaps has the only real video footage of Tartarian technology. At one point he explains how Cathedrals and other old buildings really work, as in that they are energy generators. And after his explanation he shows footage of them and some other buildings in action. Fully electrified and radiating with a lot of light. Hidden Blueprint Of Earth LHFE Part 1 Buried in Plain Sight - Lost History Of Earth - https://rumble.com/v3es7gb-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-lhfe-part-1-buried-in-plain-sight-lost-history-of.html Hidden Blueprint Of Earth Or Maybe The History we've been told is a lie! Were some ancient buildings built by a different race and their true history was covered up? Did ancient peoples have advanced forms of technology that have now been forgotten? Was the massive kingdom of Tartaria visible on ancient maps much more advanced than we realize? This sub is an open forum for collaborative discussion of all topics "Tartaria" related, including Mud Flood, Tesla, AntiquiTech, Free Energy, Conspiracies, Hidden History, etc. I wonder if this video has been posted here before? If yes, then i am not sorry for posting it again, because its just one helluva epic video. If not, I highly recommend watching it if you are interested in perhaps how Tartarian technology worked. Its made by a guy who calls himself Ewaranon. Its put well together with a lot of great evidence, theories and findings of multiple topics. Its a long watch, I agree.....but its divided into several chapters. I recommend watching the first 20 or 30 min and see if it interests/sparks you. It sure got my attention as Ewaranon points out a lot of strange stuff in our world....and the narrative we know from history books. I am still thinking about all the stuff he said and points out to us. As its a lot to deal with and can shake one up. I find it fascinating though. But the tip of the iceberg is that this video also perhaps has the only real video footage of Tartarian technology. At one point he explains how Cathedrals and other old buildings really work, as in that they are energy generators. And after his explanation he shows footage of them and some other buildings in action. Fully electrified and radiating with a lot of light. Hidden Blueprint Of Earth Video LHFE Part 2 Lens Into the Past - Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v3ew91y-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-video-lhfe-part-2-lens-into-the-past-lost-history.html Hidden Blueprint Earth LHFE Part 3 Inheritors Mud, Magnificence - Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v3ezpue-hidden-blueprint-earth-lhfe-part-3-inheritors-mud-magnificense-lost-history.html Hidden Blueprint Of Earth LHFE Part 4 Back to the Future - Lost History Of Earth - https://rumble.com/v3f2t8z-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-lhfe-part-4-back-to-the-future-lost-history-of-ea.html Hidden Blueprint Of Earth LHFE Part 5 Whispering of the Water - Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v3fag4a-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-lhfe-part-5-whispering-of-the-water-lost-history-.html Hidden Blueprint Of Earth LHFE Part 6 Offer Us And Alchemist - Lost History Earth - https://rumble.com/v3fgipt-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-lhfe-part-6-offer-us-and-alchemist-lost-history-e.html Hidden Blueprint Of Earth LHFE Part 7 The Known World - Lost History Of Earth - https://rumble.com/v3fm3nx-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-lhfe-part-7-the-known-world-lost-history-of-earth.html Hidden Blueprint Of Earth LHFE Part 8 History Of A Lost Earth - All 7 Parts Together - https://rumble.com/v3fuk7b-hidden-blueprint-of-earth-lhfe-part-8-history-of-a-lost-earth-all-7-parts-t.html Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. Antiquitech Tartarian Empire Greatest Story Ever Un-Told Video Very Old 900 Images - https://rumble.com/v36zig8-antiquitech-tartarian-empire-greatest-story-ever-un-told-video-very-old-900.html Antiquitech Tartarian Empire Old World 2,100 Photographs Ultimate Compilation 2024 - https://rumble.com/v48fd59-antiquitech-tartarian-empire-old-world-2100-photographs-ultimate-compilatio.html World We Inherited Old World Photographs Over 1,000 Images Before 1900s Era - https://rumble.com/v4xkpbl-world-we-inherited-old-world-photographs-over-1000-images-before-1900s-era.html This is a chronological list of international or colonial world's fairs. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_world's_fairs World's Fair History Quick List https://americasbesthistory.com/expolist.html Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. Proofs Earth Is Not A Spinning Ball What The Hell Happened 200 Times Collection https://rumble.com/v2u2d94-proofs-earth-is-not-a-spinning-ball-what-the-hell-happened-200-times-collec.html Proofs Earth Is Not A Spinning Ball When a photo of spherical Earth is pointed out to flat-earthers, they will dismiss it as CGI in the blink of an eye; even if they haven’t done any analysis at all. They do this because their belief in flat-Earth is not evidence-based, and any evidence contrary to their beliefs needs to be invalidated no matter how. They are so used to doing it, and sometimes they become confused by it themselves, to the point that they would take the slightest hint of digital manipulation of any picture of the Earth as evidence of the flat Earth. Mystery The World's Fairs 00 This Evidence Hidden History Chronological All World’s Fair's - https://rumble.com/v49zfro-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-this-evidence-hidden-history-chronological-all-wor.html Mystery The World's Fairs​ 01 London 1851 Crystal Palace Works Industry All Nations - https://rumble.com/v49xr6f-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-london-1851-crystal-palace-works-industry-all-nati.html Mystery The World's Fairs​ 02 Paris 1855 World's Fair L'Exposition Universelle de Paris # 1 - https://rumble.com/v49wmff-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-paris-1855-worlds-fair-lexposition-universelle-de-.html Mystery The World's Fairs 03​ Paris 1867 World's Fair L'Exposition Universelle de Paris # 2 - https://rumble.com/v49vttt-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-paris-1867-worlds-fair-lexposition-universelle-de-.html Mystery The World's Fairs 04​ Philadelphia 1876 Fair Centennial International Exposition - https://rumble.com/v49us5z-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-philadelphia-1876-fair-centennial-international-ex.html Mystery The World's Fairs​ 05 Paris 1878 World's Fair L'Exposition Universelle de Paris # 3 - https://rumble.com/v49soh6-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-paris-1878-worlds-fair-lexposition-universelle-de-.html Mystery The World's Fairs 06 Paris 1889 World's Fair Exposition Universelle de Paris # 4 - https://rumble.com/v49pdu3-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-paris-1889-worlds-fair-exposition-universelle-de-p.html Mystery The World's Fairs 07​ Chicago 1893 World's Fair World's Columbian Exposition - https://rumble.com/v49ryc5-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-chicago-1893-worlds-fair-worlds-columbian-expositi.html Mystery The World's Fairs 08 Lyon 1894 Fair L'Exposition Internationale et Coloniale - https://rumble.com/v49qjd3-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-lyon-1894-fair-lexposition-internationale-et-colon.html Mystery The World's Fairs 09​ Nashville Tennessee 1897 Centennial International Exposition - https://rumble.com/v49obhi-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-nashville-tennessee-1897-centennial-international-.html Mystery The World's Fairs​ 10 Omaha 1898 Nebraska Trans-Mississippi Exposition Part 1 - https://rumble.com/v49kvne-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-omaha-1898-nebraska-trans-mississippi-exposition-p.html Mystery The World's Fairs 11​ Omaha 1898 Nebraska Trans-Mississippi Exposition Part 2 - https://rumble.com/v49ls22-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-omaha-1898-nebraska-trans-mississippi-exposition-p.html Mystery The World's Fairs​ 12 Buffalo 1901 New York World's Fair Pan American Exposition - https://rumble.com/v49dg39-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-buffalo-1901-new-york-worlds-fair-pan-american-exp.html Mystery The World's Fairs 13 St. Louis 1904 World's Fair Louisiana Purchase Exposition - https://rumble.com/v49h2n9-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-st.-louis-1904-worlds-fair-louisiana-purchase-expo.html Mystery The World's Fairs​ 14 Louisiana 1904 Purchase Exposition St. Louis World's Fair - https://rumble.com/v49bv7t-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-louisiana-1904-purchase-exposition-st.-louis-world.html Mystery The World's Fairs 15​ Seattle 1909 World's Fair Alaska Yukon Pacific Exposition - https://rumble.com/v499353-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-seattle-1909-worlds-fair-alaska-yukon-pacific-expo.html Mystery The World's Fairs 16​ San Francisco 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition - https://rumble.com/v49aa13-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-san-francisco-1915-panama-pacific-international-ex.html Mystery The World's Fairs 17​ 1962 Seattle Chronological All International World’s Fair's - https://rumble.com/v49is0f-mystery-the-worlds-fairs-1962-seattle-chronological-all-international-world.html Antiquitech Tartarian Empire Old World's Fairs 18 Before The World's Fair 1851 Thru 1974 - https://rumble.com/v4968hi-antiquitech-tartarian-empire-old-worlds-fairs-before-the-worlds-fair-1851-t.html Chicago Old Museum Tell About 1,000 Year 19 Old World History Of 1893 World's Fair - https://rumble.com/v2cphwy-chicago-old-museum-tell-about-1000-year-old-world-history-of-1893-worlds-fa.html Chilaga Where Chicago Is Now On Map 20 of America and 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition - https://rumble.com/v2cqmdc-chilaga-where-chicago-is-now-on-map-of-america-and-1893-worlds-columbian-ex.html Antiquitech Tartarian Empire Greatest Story 21 Ever Un-told Rewriting Recorded History - https://rumble.com/v36porm-antiquitech-tartarian-empire-greatest-story-ever-un-told-rewriting-recorded.html Everything we were taught about the Earth, History, Science, Space, Energy and our Civilization was a lie. This mind blowing documentary will shift your perspective of the world monumentally. Evidence NASA Faked Apollo Moon Landing Hoax How They Do It Complete Video - https://rumble.com/v48btzf-evidence-nasa-faked-apollo-moon-landing-hoax-how-they-do-it-complete-video.html Stanley Kubrick Fake Apollo 11 Moon Landing Was A Hoax By The U.S.A. Government - https://rumble.com/v2s6afk-stanley-kubrick-fake-apollo-11-moon-landing-was-a-hoax-by-the-u.s.a.-govern.html NASA faked the historic Apollo 11 Moon landing footage with the help of Hollywood veteran director Stanley Kubrick, book author and filmmaker Jay Weidner has shockingly claimed. NASA Admits Fake International Space Station A Global World Wide Satellite Hoax - https://rumble.com/v3dm5uj-nasa-admits-fake-international-space-station-a-global-world-wide-satellite-.html Flat Earth 21 Questions And Answers Proving Stranger's Guide And Course Flat Earth - https://rumble.com/v2u3emu-flat-earth-21-questions-and-answers-proving-strangers-guide-and-course-flat.html Proving Stranger's Guide And Course Flat Earth A comprehensive beginners course that thoroughly explains the answers to 21 of the most frequently asked questions about flat earth. Journey through the list from beginning to end while all the "loose ends" are tied up by the time it's over. Share with you friends, family and loved ones. The #earth is most definitely #flat and it is important for us to understand. 81 Government & Affiliate Documents that admit Flat Earth It's A PDF Download. https://www.terre-plate.org/library/CIA%20NASA%20Documents/81%20Government%20_%20Affiliate%20Documents%20that%20admit%20Flat%20Earth-converted.pdf Taboo Conspiracy Of Nature's True Flat Earth Real Time 40 Schemes From N.A.S.A. https://rumble.com/v2dm0zi-taboo-conspiracy-of-natures-true-flat-earth-real-time-40-schemes-from-n.a.s.html Taboo Conspiracy and Other Video's Removed by ? Those channels have since been silenced by ? the other censor's and Nazis at Alphabet. lot's of people have provides time and time again, the very best proofs of our flat world, tests and experiments that completely debunk the heliocentric fantasy, and is also personally responsible for exposing the fakery in every supposed 24/7 sun in Antarctica video. Flat Earth 101 Channel - Episode 14 - Eclipse Of Fantasy - (Gerhana Fantasi) https://rumble.com/v2bq47m-flat-earth-101-channel-episode-14-eclipse-of-fantasy-gerhana-fantasi-w0w.html This is the number 1 question? - Flat Earthers hear, why would anyone go through this elaborate hoax? - The powers that be want to hide the truth of our existence at all costs as they do not want to have anyone/anything else in higher power than themselves. The majority of people believe they are descendants. NASA Admits Faking Space Part 1 The Space Program Is Faked Yes It's A Conspiracy https://rumble.com/v3dqlbc-nasa-admits-faking-space-part-1-the-space-program-is-faked-yes-its-a-conspi.html NASA Admits Faking Space Part 1 The Space Program and shows provable deception in the space program. NASA is a corrupt government organization. It gets worse. NASA was started to create the illusion of going into so-called (non-existent) "outer space". The truth is that no one or nothing has ever been to the fantasy known as "outer space". NASA Admits Faking Space Part 2 Bonus Proof Stephen Hawking Is A Fraud Conspiracy https://rumble.com/v3dssxw-nasa-admits-faking-space-part-2-bonus-proof-stephen-hawking-is-a-fraud-cons.html NASA Admits Faking Space Part 2 The Space Program and shows provable deception in the space program. NASA is a corrupt government organization. It gets worse. NASA was started to create the illusion of going into so-called (non-existent) "outer space". The truth is that no one or nothing has ever been to the fantasy known as "outer space". Sorry Antarctica We're Closed Our Hidden Flat Earth This Area Is As Big As U.S.A. - https://rumble.com/v3e0jrw-sorry-antarctica-were-closed-our-hidden-flat-earth-this-area-is-as-big-as-u.html Sorry Antarctica We're Closed Our Hidden Flat Earth This Area Admiral Byrd: “An Area As Big As The United States on the Other Side of the South Pole” According most flat earthers, there’s no such thing as the continent of Antarctica. In their imagination, Antarctica is not a continent, but a long ice wall enclosing the Earth. Without having anything to prove that assumption, they look anywhere for any quote they can mine and stumbled into this quote by Admiral Byrd “Strangely enough, there is left in the world today, an area as big as the United States, that’s never been seen by a human being. And that’s beyond the pole, on the other side of the south pole from Little America.” Mystery The World's Fairs​ Maybe the History we've been told is a lie! Were some ancient buildings built by a different race and their true history was covered up? Did ancient peoples have advanced forms of technology that have now been forgotten ? Was the massive kingdom of Tartaria visible on ancient maps much more advanced than we realize? This sub is an open forum for collaborative discussion of all topics "Tartaria" related, including Mud Flood, Tesla, AntiquiTech, Free Energy, Conspiracies, Hidden History, etc. I wonder if this video has been posted here before? If yes, then i am not sorry for posting it again, because its just one helluva epic video. If not, I highly recommend watching it if you are interested in perhaps how Tartarian technology worked. I am still thinking about all the stuff he said and points out to us. As its a lot to deal with and can shake one up. I find it fascinating though. Could it be that this civilization, split off from our official historical line of development, is behind many of the events of the 20th century? And what of the World's Fairs? Were a large proportion of the World's Fair Buildings actually built from scratch, as the official historiography claims? There is much to suggest that the robber barons of the industrial age not only hid once widespread technological knowledge from us, but that they also hijacked some of the impressive architectural masterpieces in which parts of this knowledge was displayed. Some of the buildings from the World's Fairs still exist today, and they are obviously not made of plaster or similar fragile materials. Were they subsequently rebuilt to be permanent structures? Is it even possible that the elaborately designed Expo sites were built with the technological capabilities of the time within just a few months, only to be destroyed again a few months later after the exhibitions had ended? Or is it plausible that after a great catastrophe the worldwide remains of the preceding high culture were not only systematically destroyed, but also pressed into an image of history imposed on us? Some available information suggests that even after the worldwide, game-changing event we call the Reset or Mud Flood, there still remained countless complete and beautiful cities that were conquered by a new power elite and then repurposed as "World's Fairs". Especially in America, the so-called New World, the many Greco-Roman cities would have been difficult to explain because in contrast to Europe, the Americas do not have an official greco-roman history. The more carefully one investigates, the more difficult it becomes to find plausible explanations for the construction and destruction of these extraordinary and huge exhibition areas. The official version about the World's Fairs can be summarized as follows: People in the 19th century loved Greco-Roman architecture for reasons unknown, so it was extremely important to the architects who organized the World's Fairs between 1850 and about 1914 to build in a classical style. (Note: With World War I, classical architectural ambitions in Europe ended abruptly and many exhibitions also did not take place as planned. It was only in the wake of fascism that there was a return to ancient design principles, but these were often implemented superficially and were mainly applied to a few representative magnificent buildings. After the Second World War, on the other hand, classical architecture was deliberately replaced with new trends - e.g. Bauhaus and Brutalism. Officially the intention was to create an aesthetic distance to fascism, but in all likelihood its purpose was to cut the connection to the Old World through soulless, brutalistic architecture.) https://www.reddit.com/r/badhistory/comments/ieg2k0/tartaria_the_supposed_megaempire_of_inner_eurasia/ No effort was spared for the world's fairs, enormous amounts of work went into creating complex statues, ornaments, columns, parks, buildings, and even the world's largest organs. No expenses were spared in the making of these massive structures. Made of plaster and linen or hemp fibers, they were only intended to last for the duration of the Expo. However the attention to detail was so great that purely visually there seemed to be no difference between the Expo buildings and the classical splendor-buildings of antiquity. The purpose of the World's Fairs was to make the supposedly "new" technologies discovered during the Industrial Revolution palatable to the masses, to create new markets. In the end, most of the buildings were torn down, with only meadows or empty parks remaining. The concept of Atlanteans building structures and civilizations is rooted in ancient Greek mythology, specifically in the works of the philosopher Plato. According to Plato, Atlantis was a powerful and advanced civilization that existed in the distant past, but was lost in a catastrophic event. Pyramids and Structures Some theories suggest that the Atlanteans built pyramids and other structures, not only in their own civilization but also in other parts of the world. For example, some researchers propose that the Atlanteans built the pyramids in Egypt and Mesoamerica, citing similarities in architectural styles and construction techniques. However, these claims are largely speculative and lack concrete evidence. Technological Advancements The Atlanteans are often depicted as a highly advanced civilization, with technological capabilities rivaling those of modern society. According to some accounts, they possessed advanced knowledge of engineering, architecture, and metallurgy, allowing them to build sophisticated structures and machines. Atlantean Legacy The idea of Atlanteans building structures and civilizations has captivated human imagination for centuries, inspiring countless works of art, literature, and speculation. While the existence of Atlantis remains a topic of debate, the concept of Atlanteans building it has become a powerful symbol of human ingenuity and creativity. In conclusion, while there is no concrete evidence to support the claim that Atlanteans built specific structures or civilizations, the idea of Atlanteans as a technologically advanced and powerful civilization has captured the imagination of people for centuries. We at this channel would like to add this quote for everyone to open your own mind this year: Your body diet is not only what you eat. It is also what you watch, what you listen to, what you read, the people you hang out with and the things you subject your mind, body and soul too. Always be mindful of the things you put into your body emotionally, spiritually and physically. Thank You Everyone Who Watch Our 1001+ Video's To Help Other In 2025.

Windy Lina Westlaw Present Our 1009th Video... Women Thrive On A Men’s Struggle In Life Schopenhauer’s Warning All This Is Very True. To Get A Woman Who Does Not Create Drama These Days Is Especially And Exceedingly Rare. Women are just creatures of nature. They will destroy you if you let. Women are Not pure today. When the devil can't get to you, he will send a woman. I stand firm within myself. I've been treated like a doormat like no tomorrow. Schopenhauer, Neitzche, and Machiavelli, and Jung are must studies for men who wish to have freedom (and their spines). All heroes and truth tellers. Thank you. The truth does not need applause. And the truth does not care if you're ready to hear it, or not. If your sole reason to self-improve is to gain the affection of a woman, then you’re already lost and you will not be rewarded. Even in my teenage years, I felt my hormones were untrustworthy, and would lead me astray. I trained myself to keep a low profile to avoid social pressure. Now, a 70-year-old retiree, I'm about as happy as I've ever been. This channel is making want to read again. Thanks whoever you are. How does arguing all night about what kind of cereal your not allowed to buy then losing half your hard earned wealth and valuables, parental rights, peace of mind and long term plans for your family's future... make you a stronger, wiser man? Women have changed... for the worse in every way. I've developed a serious allergic reaction to nagging and generally the sound of their voice overall. I wish I could have found this series years ago. 3 divorces have taught me much of what is said is 100% true to my experiences. Schopenhauer really exposes a tough but powerful truth. This shows us that understanding human nature helps us become wiser, less naïve, and more in control of our own happiness. Schopenhauer didn’t hate women. He simply refused to lie to men. In a world that teaches boys to worship women and expect love in return, his words cut like a scalpel through delusion. This isn’t about bitterness — it’s about clarity. Men who suffer endlessly asking 'why am I not enough?' need to hear this: you were never supposed to be. Nature doesn’t reward kindness. It rewards strength, clarity, and the ability to see through the illusion. Wake up before your suffering becomes your identity. Our 1000th Video A True History 70 Unsolved Mysteries That Science Can’t Explain Documentaries - https://rumble.com/v6xj69a-our-1000th-video-a-true-history-70-unsolved-mysteries-that-science-cant-exp.html A True History Of How British Empire Opium Destroyed China's Greatest Empire Mandate Of Heaven - https://rumble.com/v6xl04u-a-true-history-of-how-british-empire-opium-destroyed-chinas-greatest-empire.html Lina With No Husband Or A Single Chinese Left Over Woman & Married A Older White America - https://rumble.com/v6xlo4u-lina-with-no-husband-or-a-single-chinese-left-over-woman-and-married-a-olde.html A True History Of China A Century Of Revolution 100 Years Rare Archival Footage & Historical Films - https://rumble.com/v6xmtfc-a-true-history-of-china-a-century-of-revolution-100-years-rare-archival-foo.html What She Hide Inside Anima Female Desire Carl Jung’s Dark Truth About Women Men Must Know - https://rumble.com/v6xnf62-what-she-hide-inside-anima-female-desire-carl-jungs-dark-truth-about-women-.html Real Life In China Today And Mind-Blowing Facts About China And It's Peoples A Travel Document - https://rumble.com/v6xp25e-real-life-in-china-today-and-mind-blowing-facts-about-china-and-its-peoples.html We Are Unlocking Secrets Facts About Traditional Chinese Medicine Promote Healing And Balance - https://rumble.com/v6xphpa-we-are-unlocking-secrets-facts-about-traditional-chinese-medicine-promote-h.html We Explore Today Modern Women Destroy A Weak Men Epictetus Philosophers Try To Warned Us - https://rumble.com/v6xpqnu-we-explore-today-modern-women-destroy-a-weak-men-epictetus-philosophers-try.html The History Of American Vehicles Automobile Age Is Melding Into A New Age Of Electronics Testla - https://rumble.com/v6xpzic-the-history-of-american-vehicles-automobile-age-is-melding-into-a-new-age-o.html True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw Age 48 With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Man 2 Year Later And She Is Now 62 Years Old And Her Husband Is Now 76 Years Old. Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. So With The Help From Her Old English Teacher (Randles) Age 68 And Her Only One True Friend Left In U.S.A. Prof. Randles Thompkins And WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And She Ask Me To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. This gesture is deeply rooted in trust and friendship, symbolizing a bond of loyalty and reliability. The pinky promise is not considered inappropriate and is often used informally to seal agreements or commitments. The pinky finger itself is sometimes associated with smallness or youth, but when used in the context of a promise, it carries a positive and meaningful connotation. Unlike the middle finger in American culture, which is an offensive gesture, the pinky finger in China does not carry the same negative connotation when used in a promise. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. True Story Of WindyLina Westlaw With No Husband Until She Paying $8,000 To $12,000 USD For A Marriage Services In China For Her To Get Marry To A American Men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Single Chinese Women Propose Men out of Desperation. This engaging video examines the phenomenon of single Chinese women who are actively proposing to men, a significant shift in traditional dating dynamics. Men no longer want to get married because the risk that his potential wife would divorce him is very high. An honest woman shows her true face and does not hide behind a filter and a thick layer of makeup ! Thing is, so many times these women say they're "only looking for...". And then you find out the woman is actually demanding a whole lot more. In most countries, laws are against men and divorcing is too costly for men. When the laws change and become more balanced, at that time relationships will get better. I love how many women think that not having a great paying job equals "low quality woman". Us men don't care about your job! Men don't think like women! We only care about youth, beauty and a nice personality. These ladies are just like western females. Especially 10:25 one talking about rejecting men in her 20's and being rejected in her 30's. Saying it hurts but not considering the hurt she caused. I’m retired so I would take all three but, unfortunately in China a man can only have one wife. They are simple women in that they are not asking for an exotic lifestyle just a place to live, food, clothes, and treat them with respect. If you don’t expose them to expensive things I think they would be very happy and treat their man like a king. The term "leftover women" refers to unmarried Chinese women in their late 20s and 30s, a label that has been used to describe the societal pressure placed on women to marry. This concept has been explored in various documentaries and books, highlighting the challenges faced by these women. Chinese Women Pay for Marriage The provided context does not contain specific information about Chinese women paying $8,000 to $12,000 for marriage services to marry American men. However, it does highlight broader trends in international relationships and financial transactions tied to marriage and migration. Globally, there are instances where individuals pay significant sums for marriage-related services, often linked to migration or economic opportunities. For example, in some regions, families have been reported to pay large dowries or fees to arrange marriages with foreign nationals, though these are typically not formalized services but rather informal or illicit transactions. If such a service exists in China targeting American men, it would likely fall under the broader category of international matchmaking or migration services, which can involve complex legal and ethical issues. So Randles Thompkins Filed A Report With APS Adult Protective ServicesConcerns Involving Mistreatment Vulnerable Adults Is defined as: “The willful action or inaction that inflicts injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment on a vulnerable adult. In instances of abuse of a vulnerable adult who is unable to express or demonstrate physical harm, pain, or mental anguish, the abuse is presumed to cause physical harm, pain, or mental anguish. Abuse includes sexual abuse, mental abuse, physical abuse, and exploitation of Lina Rye a vulnerable adult..” Lina Said To Me Randles (Help) Please! Mrs. Lina Rye Called Me Sometime Crying & Other Times Happy & I Feel So Alone Sometimes ! Isolating Individuals are kept from or are absent from normal activities with family, friends, or social events. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. Injuries Suspicious or unexplainable bruises, sores, or weight loss. Behaviors or emotions Change in normal personality. Daily living needs Neglect or inattention to hygiene, clothing, medication, food, or home. Property and finances Unexplainable financial changes or missing money and personal belongings. Verbal aggression Comments or statements that are intimidating, threatening, or degrading. What is the process for APS investigations? 1. Intake: When you make a report online, in person, or by phone or fax, our intake specialists gather information to begin the investigative process. 2. Assignment: Each intake report is reviewed to determine if APS has jurisdiction and assigns an investigation time frame. 3. Investigation: Investigations include thorough interviews, observations, record reviews, and coordination with law enforcement and other agencies as needed. 4. Offer Services: We work with community partners to offer protective services, such as emergency shelter, food, medical care, personal assistance, counseling, and more. Lina Are you o.k. ? Is your daughter o.k. ? You told me I,am talking to my daughter... and i will call you back in about a hour... I hope you and your family are o.k. today. Let's talk soon... Randles Thompkins Your Old Friend From 2016... Thanks ! Good morning. I’ve made a promise to Jerry that I will no longer have any contact with you. From now on, I won’t be replying to any messages or calls. Please take care of yourself. I wish you all the best. Good morning to you lina... I do not know who Jerry is... You made a promise to Jerry not to talk to your old English teacher and friend from back in 2016. Last time I saw you in person was at Health Club 2020 and I only talked to you by phone 10 times from 2021 to 2025.. so you made a promise not to talk to your friend of 8 years now. Sad... Randles Wow ! WindyLina Said We Are Friends Forever And Ask Me (Randles) To Do A Pinky Finger Promise Meaning In Chinese! In Chinese culture, the pinky finger, or "little finger," has a specific meaning when used in a promise gesture. The act of hooking pinky fingers together, known as "拉钩" (lā gōu), signifies a promise or pledge, particularly among children or close friends. In summary, a Chinese pinky finger promise, or "拉钩," is a gesture of trust and commitment, often used between friends or family members to signify a promise. It is not considered offensive and is a common practice in Chinese culture. Randles So now I understand why on Sunday morning E-mail I got from china in 2019. Shirlee Fen fin told me you (lina) are not married to Jerry Rye... Because you got married in front of a judge and not in a church. Because you did not Consummate your marriage refers to the first act of sexual intercourse between a married couple, which signifies the completion of the marriage. In some religious traditions, failure to consummate a marriage can lead to divorce or annulment, although this is not common in modern state laws. So Lina under US Law Because you did not Consummate your marriage with Jerry and in the eyes of God... Jerry can ask a judge for a divorce or annulment of the marriage... so if you wanted to leave Jerry in the future time or get a divorce... you will get no money... because you are not married in the first place... its annulment and your marriage is over lina. But I told Shirlee Fen fin if you are married ten (10 Years) Under US Common Laws you are married you can still get your half of the money and if you are 62 years old you can also get social security too. And No Jerry can not deport you back to China Ever! So if you need i'm hear for you Lina... Yes we are friends forever... as per are pinky promise you ask me to make with you at the MU Club back in 2019. Jan 4, 2020, 11:06 AM Randles Jan 4, 2020, 1:30 PM Randles so good afternoon to you. Randles Number 88 symbolizes fortune and good luck in Chinese culture, since the word 8 sounds similar to the word fā (发, which implies 发财, or wealth, in Mandarin or Cantonese) Jan 5, 2020, 9:05 AM Yes This Is A Very Sad Story... With Isolating & Feeling Very Alone At Times And With Injuries And Verbal Aggression. Also Lina Told Me She Is Being Tracked By Jerry Her Husband With GPS On Her Cell Phone Tracking & GPS Tracking Her Car And She Said Jerry Rye Her Husband Has Some Of His Friends Follow Lina Rye Car Around Town... To The Gym, Food Shopping, Etc. Etc. Lina 88 is saying goodbye in my hometown. Yesterday afternoon, Jerry went to party with his four old colleague. His colleague was the man on the left of the pool on Friday afternoon. He told Jerry that he knew it was me, but didn't talk to me. At that time, I felt that he stopped intentionally beside us. Want to hear us. 88 is say goodbye in my hometown. You are a very good teacher who has taught me a lot of knowledge. Thank you once again. Jan 5, 2020, 1:12 PM Randles all is well with me at the pool.... you did not do anything wrong.... i only help you and teaching you how to swim better in the pool.... so maybe it will help save your life some day.... if you fell in the water later in life. i'm only thinking about your safety. Randles yes i think so too.... (you felt that he stopped intentionally beside us) so he stop 2 times by you... to hear us talking about your swimming lessons... maybe jerry send him to the pool ? i do not know him at all. i'm been at this gym 20 years now. Randles WindyLina I’m in the gym now. I am everything ok. I didn’t doing something wrong. Randles do you want me to stop by ? WindyLina You decide for yourself, it's not my own gym. 88 Randles you are funny today.... i hope you want to see me. Jan 5, 2020, 4:06 PM Randles your school start on monday... hope you are coming to school too... 88 Jan 6, 2020, 6:48 PM Randles hope your friend day of school is going o.k. for you..... as you say.... i'm a good teacher and you a bad or slow student... you are 5th level and going for 6th.... very good job. Jan 6, 2020, 9:21 PM Lina I am starting school today! Thank you for your teaching and help. My oral English has improved a lot. You are my good teacher. The pictures are good, very meaningful, and your car is beautiful. Thank you for sharing. Jan 7, 2020, 8:33 AM Lina Good morning handsome boy. Today I am not going to the school. I’m going to the gym now. Have a nice day! Happy to talking to you. On Sunday night, Shirley Fen Finn spoke to Jerry on a WeChat video. Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Lina I don't want Jerry to misunderstand that we are male and female friends on a date. This gym has two good friends of Jerry, and they often party together. They talk about me, but I don't know them. Jan 7, 2020, 3:22 PM Randles you and me are not on a date.... its a swimming class only.... i'm your friend and english teacher... but i'm sad that you told me that jerry hit's you in arm and face and you are crying walking down the road... sad for me. so you are not alone now.... you have friends in spokane, wa. to turn to if you need help... i'm hear for you Lina. Jan 8, 2020, 1:20 PM Randles yes i'm up now.... hope you are doing good too. Jan 9, 2020, 4:57 PM Randles so hello.... its getting cilder now and maybe 6 - 8 inch of snow and zero temp. outside for this week. i have 2 homes one with internet and one with out it.... if you need help with your english words... i may not be on line... so you may call me for help with words etc. thanks your english teacher. Randles yes the word is colder... above getting colder Jan 9, 2020, 8:21 PM Lina I heard heavy snow tomorrow. Spokane is cold now, and I hate snowy weather. My English words are very small, because I can't remember, and I am lazy too. Because it is going to snow. You should stay at home. I'll call you tomorrow at the gym. Jan 12, 2020, 9:53 AM Lina Good morning !teacher. Thank you for teaching me English. We are just a teacher-student relationship. I never sought any help. I don't need anything else for help. Except for my bad English. Lina Jerry is very nice to me and my daughter. He cares about us everywhere, but he is also a person with shortcomings. He does not like to talk and express emotions. I am very grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for my daughter. He is a good father and good husband in my heart. Lina Every family has contradictions in life, and of course we are no exception. I am a person who is grateful. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, for giving us, and for giving me information. I will always be with him and caring for him forever. Lina Goodbye. Thank you for taught me English. I don't want to cause you any misunderstanding. Previously, you asked me for some photos, so please destroy them yourself. Thank you again. Lina [correct ] I am a grateful person. I thank Jerry for being kind to us, helping us, and trusting me. I will always be with him and always take care of him. Wed 12:46 PM Randles yes i understand your messages... i ask Fen in china not to talk to jerry about this e-mail... this is only a test to me. and if Fen words are true to me..... yes i'm a english teacher and civil rights worker too.... you and jerry are not in trouble at all.... with me or the wa. state as you told me.... he (jerry) hit you and walking down the hi-way (crying) and your friend fen (did not help you by talking to you and jerry at all. yes i and you and jerry and other have short comings in life and misunderstanding too. Randles so i hope now... because of me talking to fen.... you will have a better life with jerry... and jerry will stop hitting you and will start talking to you again... on your drive and other things in your life will get better now. as you say In 2020, all dreams come true. for you. Randles Randles Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen fin) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Rommel yes i'm at the gym.... lol... and yes i'm a good driver in the snow... i'm warm and a little cold maybe lina.... Lol Sat 4:10 PM Randles Fin told you something about me and it scared me. so can you tell me about it ? your friend ? you told me i can ask you any ? you say i will always tell the truth... thank you and i hope you can see for chinese new year on saturday 25 2020 ? Chinese New Year falls on Tuesday, February 5 in 2020, and on Saturday, January 25 in 2020. It's Lunar New Year, day 1 of China’s lunar calendar, which is within a day of the second new moon before the spring equinox moon phase. 10:24 AM Lina Good morning! Teacher Rommel. Thank you for told me so much real America. The customs between China and the United States are very different. The letter you wrote to Fen and the photos you send. Maybe Fen she misunderstood you. Lina She told me about your letter, your photo, and my situation. She thinks what you say, she feels false and unbelievable. So she told me something. I will go to the gym at noon today and I still hope to see you. We are friends, you are my English teacher and I respect you very much. About Fen. I respect your choice. Lina We chat and inevitably talk about Jerry. I am grateful and trusted for Jerry. Thanks for everything he gave us! Give my daughter a good education. No one is perfect, he is 70 years old, like a child, it is normal. Lina I am also grateful to you, thank you for being my English teacher and good friend. In the United States, I am unfamiliar with life. You explain it to me. thanks again! i have removed you from my facebook page... so no one can see or read old messages you send to me. Feb 8, 2020, 11:30 AM Randles hello lina yes i'm still your friend and i did not say to stop going to ESL school to you. i said if you heard that Deer Park has two patients with coronavirus infection. and that you think and worry that you are infected. maybe you need maybe you need to stop going to ESL school now to be safe. asi do not want you to be sick. you are welcome for your concern for me and my family in China. i only want you and family to be safe. as for english you ask for more and better english help. So i say i will help you more with reading english better. its o.k. you do not anymore help with english. its o.k. ( as you ask lina - i will not help you anymore ) and yes i understand jerry is not happy with you. no one may see you at home. no one may help you with english at home. no one can call you at home. no one can watch a movie with you in Deer Park. its o.k. that you don't want to cause misunderstanding with jerry. its o.k. but all your friends at ESL school can not see you or talk to you or eat dinner with you at your home in Deer Park. Yes i'm still your friend for life. yes you do have rights in the usa. be safe always randles thompkins your old or pass english teacher.... the miss understand come from facebook... as over 80+ messages say... Lina removed a message.... i did not see your writing to me in the first place as you or facebook removed it before i can read it. i hope you understand this info. so all the old facebook messages are gone now. Your english teacher ! Randles Randles Lina removed at message........ you and lina aren't connected on facebook but you may still write to her and send and friends request. Feb 8, 2020, 3:55 PM Lina I didn't say you asked me to stop taking ESL English classes. I just want to tell you that I will always take ESL English classes. My English is bad. I really don't want to say anything. So as not to cause more and more misunderstandings. Feb 8, 2020, 5:53 PM Lina I am still in the hospital waiting for Jerry's operation. His Wednesday operation was unsuccessful. Thank you for taught me English. Feb 9, 2020, 1:19 PM Randles thank you for writing me back.... sorry to hear that operation was unsuccessful and hope its goes better the next one.... its o.k. to talk to me. i do not feel i have a misunderstandings with you lina. sometime i think... why do i care and have a concern for people and friends so much. may be its not good for me to care about so many person's in the world. i think you are scared ? your husband is not happy and will not understand you may make a mistake in life sometimes. 1. (mistake) an action or judgment that is misguided or wrong. i'm not mad at you. you can still talk to me. but i will not help you with english as you ask me not too. hope you and jerry operation go better this time.... your friend... Randles Thompkins Randles if you need someone to talk to you anytime. i'm still hear for you lina. you have my info. be positive lina and hope for the best out come ! Feb 10, 2020, 2:08 PM Randles meanwhile in china today... you have 2 cute kittycat lina. Randles Feb 10, 2020, 6:38 PM Lina thanks again. We are still friends. Take care of yourself. Feb 11, 2020, 10:55 AM Randles yes i hope you and your family are well too. Feb 11, 2020, 5:50 PM Lina 谢谢 Randles hellolina i hope jerry is better today. yes thank you too. Lina He's better now. He can walk slowly. But haven't eaten yet I just making my own dinner ，I'm going to eat now! Randles yes very nice... you do not eat much after a operation like that..... my be chicken soup . Lina 88 Randles thanks for talking lina 88 Lina Thank you 88 Randles you are so sweet to me too.... thanks 88 Feb 13, 2020, 11:56 AM Randles so about the coronavirus infection... its 14 days now..... are you o.k. or sick and or any more info. about you and your family in china ? Feb 13, 2020, 1:31 PM You set the emoji to . Feb 13, 2020, 4:11 PM Randles i do not know if jerry can make it out to buy you a card or not... after being sick.... so happy valentine's day to you from jerry and me too. but not i same meaning as from jerry and mine from friendship to you. yes it feb.14 in china now. hope you are well this day. Randles yes i celebrating valentine's alone at my home in spokane and its o.k. for me ! asi'm alone all the time anyways and i'm a happy person all the time. Randles Feb 14, 2020, 2:27 PM Randles Happy Valentines Day To You Too. Feb 14, 2020, 5:55 PM Lina Jerry go to the emergency room again this afternoon. We have been waiting for the doctor. Happy Valentines Day ! My family is safe. They are far away from Wuhan. Thank you! 1 Feb 15, 2020, 12:47 PM Randles hello Lina... i'm happy your family and you are safe. jerry emergency room sad for you too. thank you for your valentines day wish for me. Randles Lina be careful with you money. i have a lady friend in 1991 got married to a man 65 yrs. old and she in 35 yrs old with kids from her first marrage... the man pass-a-way at 85 years and she 55 yrs. old at his death and married 20 years to him.... so the social security stop and retirement money stopped too... and social security told her.... you can not get half 1/2 your husband social security money un-tell you are 62 years old to get it.... why is this ? because young woman overseas and in the u.s. woman too... 18 to 30 yrs. old woman getting married to 70 to 80 yrs old man... thinking to get 1/2 husband social security money from her age of 30 to her death... maybe money for 50 years.... lina this is only info. for you.... you are a good woman lina and you told me you do not care for jerry money... you love him... i respect you very much for this... as you have a good hearted person.... like you and me it rare now days.... so i hope all will go good in the emergency room.... do not cry and hold your head up... you can talk to me anytime.... your friend for life.... Randles and happy day for you now and in the furture and again thanks for the valentines day wish ! Feb 15, 2020, 4:16 PM Lina I am very busy and tired. Talk to you later. thank you. Lina We are in the hospital and Jerry has still in hospital tonight Randles yes you are busy and tired too.... did not get sick yourself from working to hard and i hope jerry get better too... get some rest lina as you can.... tell me more about it if you want. is jerry a little sick or real sick ? hope you can handle it lina.... if you need help you are you need me to bring you food at the hospital let me know as you may not want to cook because you are tired and call anytime... 590-7*1-5**3 day or night your friend. Feb 20, 2020, 9:13 AM Lina Lina removed a message Jerry was discharged last Sunday afternoon. He has now recovering. Thank you. Mrs. Lina Rye & Randles Tompkins 2018 English to Chinese Translation Your English Language Teacher +你的英语老师+nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī Nanning Shi, Guangxi, China + 南宁市, 广西, 中国 + nánníngshì , guǎngxī , zhōngguó Favorite Quotes +有爱就有一切。 June 16, 2016 at 12:25pm I Did Not Know You Yet Lina But You Are At Chinese Drumming In Town 2016 Deer Park STA in 2016. However, there is a reference to Town-related Chinese cultural activities from that year. The Deer Park Chinese Association organized a dance group that practiced at the WSU Academic Center (SAC) starting from May 29, 2016. Hello to you 丽娜米 Lina Rye From Randles汤普金斯 or randlestāngpǔjīnsī You are my new friend 你是我的新朋友 6/17/18, 1:23 PM Randles so hello to you from fitness club hot tub 6/17/18, 9:22 PM You can now call each other and see information like Active Status and when you've read messages. Lina Hello 6/18/18, 11:57 AM Randles yes hello to you also.... nice day.... love to see your photo of you in china work unform. this is my navy photo age 24, 1980. 6/19/18, 1:58 PM Lina You was a navy and very handsome. I go to the gym right now and I hope to see you Lina 6/19/18, 6:05 PM Randles wow nice photo..... water and snow mt. in the back ground too...... the photo is from ? Randles Randles i'm out of town 2 days....me today lots of wild flowers.... back in town wed. morning... yes hope to see you too..... Your English Language Teacher..你的英语老师nǐ de yīngyǔlǎoshī 6/20/18, 8:40 PM Randles Lina This is a picture I took when I drove back from California last month on my way to spokane Lina You shot a lot of beautiful flowers. I went to the gym at 5 o'clock this afternoon. You are not there Lina Thank you, you are very nice to me. You are my good theacher Lina 6/21/18, 5:05 PM Randles i'm going to the gym now.... 5;20pm to 5;30 pm see you. you are fun to talk with too. 6/21/18, 6:57 PM Randles maybe we can plan to meet at same time... if you want too. 6/22/18, 12:21 PM Randles hello Lina today.... rainned last night. i will be at hot tub 6;15 pm friday... you are my friend. 6/22/18, 10:51 PM Lina 6/23/18, 11:06 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Randles June 23, 2018 at 11:09 AM I do not have messenger Lina Hello, this is Li Na’s husband. When you have time please call me 5*9 6*7 8**2. Thank you. 6/23/18, 4:33 PM Randles sorry i do know you ? you want to talk about is ? this is facebook 4 Lina Rye + 丽娜米i'm a English Teacher + 英语老师i'm randles and i work for men / woman civil rights in usa. Thank You. Randles Hello Li Na You may show this message to your husband... thanks ... i do not know him. 6/27/18, 8:05 PM Randles so hello to you... love to see the sport car pics of you..... thanks Lina 6/28/18, 8:36 PM Randles me and my kitty at Man ito Park... the park was officially established in April 1904 and has evolved from an undeveloped recreational area with a few flower beds, picnic spots, and a zoo to one of town primary showplaces. 6/29/18, 5:38 AM Lina Thank you for tell me about the history of the park. I will go to a friend's house in the morning and go to the gym in the afternoon. 6/29/18, 1:46 PM Randles very nice you like it your English Teacher. 6/29/18, 3:13 PM Lina I am going to the gym now 6/30/18, 5:20 PM Randles yes i'm going to gym at 7;00 pm tonight. 7/1/18, 1:13 PM Randles 7/2/18, 2:12 PM Lina My school is there 1 photoes Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 7/2/18, 7:14 PM Randles thanks 4 the pics.... yes i know the address now.... thank you. great photos too 7/3/18, 3:55 PM Randles hello Lina from your English Teacher.... remember you are not poor.... you are a good person..... you are a all american girl..... so happy 4th of July to you and your friends.... china is good too.... but you can also nice 4th of july. 7/4/18, 1:43 PM Lina My leg is swollen. I have not been to the gym for a few days. 7/5/18, 12:24 PM Randles hello hope your leg get better soon. Randles Swollen bug bites on your leg ? Randles Most bug bites that cause swelling however are localized and cause swelling more because of the body's attempt to isolate and deal with the foreign chemical without letting it spread. Most bug bites that swell are fairly safe, and unless the bite persists and gets worse, they should fade away and stop itching within 2-3 days. Randles Lina i hope this info. helps you.... your husband think it is ? 7/8/18, 4:00 PM Randles yes hi Lina hope you leg is getting better now ? Lina My leg is much better. I am taking a shower in the gym now. I will be at the gym after class tomorrow afternoon. Thank you Randles yes i happy you are better .... thank you Lina Randles you are so sweet to me. love to see more photos of you too. Lina You are a good teacher Randles yes thank you.... this is me today in the park. Lina I like to talking to you Randles yes i like talking to you too me at man ito park japanese garden in town Lina Wow you are very handsome Randles you are cute too Lina Randles Randles yes happy too Lina I am going take a shower Randles very nice..... have fun Lina See you tomorrow Randles hope too. i may go out of town 2 days 4 camping 7/9/18, 2:40 PM Randles hope you are better today.... you and your leg too 7/9/18, 5:03 PM Lina I am good and my leg is good too . 7/10/18, 6:44 PM Randles very nice you better. 7/11/18, 3:21 PM Randles are you going to hot tub today ? 7/11/18, 4:38 PM Lina I will go gym now Randles o.k. see you soon thank you. my newest photo 2 days ago Lina After twenty minutes Randles o.k. its good Lina Ok Randles in 20mins at gym 7/13/18, 1:57 PM Lina I am in the gym now 7/15/18, 1:08 PM Randles so hello today and hope all is well with you. .... i did not sell the sport car. 7/18/18, 8:36 PM Randles Lina Randles HELLO TODAY hope you are o.k. Lina I am good How are you Randles i'm good too.... working at home all day today. Lina I writing homework Randles very nice job. very hot lately. love to see more photos of you too. Lina I haven’t photos Randles older one from cc international Lina Randles nice.... hot tub next.... bye now Lina Good Lina How about the woman in the middle? She is beautiful Goodbye! I writing homework 7/20/18, 2:16 PM Randles yes she is nice looking. 7/25/18, 8:36 PM Randles so hello.... i'm camping 4 days this week 7/27/18, 5:44 PM Lina I went to the party this morning and just returned home. There was a traffic jam on the road. Lina I will go to the hot bath tonight. 9 o'clock tomorrow morning. My teacher led the students to pick up Hagbury. Welcome to join us. 7/27/18, 7:49 PM Lina 1 I am in the gym now. Lina I’m living the gym 7/31/18, 7:10 PM Randles yes hello to you.... very nice pics thank you.... very hot last days.... home how..... hot tub is over now. i last the gym at 6.45 pm today.... got to gym at 5;30 pm...... going out 4 taco now... or soon 7/31/18, 10:15 PM Lina I went to the gym after class today. I left the gym at four in the afternoon. Hope everything is fine with you! the weather is too hot for you See you soon Good bye 8/8/18, 2:40 PM Lina I am in the gym now Yesterday I want to the Luicetion City Lina Long time no see . Are you everything ok ？ I miss you 8/8/18, 7:23 PM Randles i'm good ... thank you.... i miss talking to you also.... out of town 10 days camping... thanks Randles hot tub soon.... maybe about 9.15 pm tonight. Lina It is to late for me. I doing my homework now . Randles yes its o.k..... to hot this week ? Lina enjoy your hot tub Randles nice photos of you too.... the big dog is at ? Lina I don't feel hot. Randles my home is cool.... but outside over a 100+ how your english class gone this year ? Lina Lewiston, Idaho Randles very nice Lina My English class ended on August 23. Randles yes i see.... i how help with englist too english Lina thank you for your help English Randles thing are good 4 you at home too ? Lina I don't understand this sentence. I am at home now. I am doing homework Randles how are you and your hasband doing this hot summer time. Lina I am taking an English class from Monday to Thursday. Jerry goes golfing on Wednesday and Thursday. Randles hope you are getting out to the park to see the flower etc. Lina You are very busy this summer. Randles camping a little.... i'm home again now. Lina Ok some day Randles you busy too. Lina I need to say good bye 。I am writing homework. Randles i want to take you Manito Park was officially established in April 1904 o.k. good bye now.... thanks for talking ! Lina see you next time. Thanks for talking to me Lina Randles thanks lina Lina Randles you are so nice to me all the time. 8/12/18, 3:40 PM Randles hot tub today ? i'm going at 5'15 pm sunday. 8/12/18, 6:47 PM Lina The leg on my left is very swollen. I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I need to rest for a few days. Enjoy hot tub. See you next time. 8/16/18, 2:33 PM Randles yes thanks.... your leg is bad again..... you are working out too much ? hope you get better soon. 8/22/18, 10:48 AM Lina Tomorrow school party and then finish the class My school is on holiday since Friday. Lina 8/22/18, 2:10 PM Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. 8/23/18, 2:44 PM Randles yes hope you are doing better now. Lina Thank you I’m in the gym now and I am going home Randles o.k. is the hot open now ? i can come see you if you want me too at the gym now Lina Ok . I am sitting in the hall. Randles o.k. it will take me ten mins. to get to you. Lina Ok See you soon 8/26/18, 2:15 PM Randles i got a new bike today. a very fast one Lina Wow. it is very beautiful Randles yes thank you... hot tub today ? Lina Not yet . Randles let me know... maybe i can go too. Lina Are you want to go? Randles yes i have the car info 4 you. Lina 4pm? Randles o.k. 4 pm is good 4 me Lina Ok See you soon Randles o.k. love to see pics of you in china Lina I will there before 4pm Randles o.k. thank you me friend Lina I will show you Randles thank you. I the park today Lina Anytime Randles see you 4 pm today Lina You are happy boy Ok Randles yes and you a happy girl Lina Where are you now? Randles at home now with my kitty Lina Are we going to the gym now? Randles 4 pm Lina Ok? Randles see at 4 pm is good Lina Ok See you at 4pm Randles you are so nice to me. Lina Randles Lina See you later Randles Lina Randles bye too 8/27/18, 8:09 PM Randles this photo is in town 2 years ago 8/28/18, 12:30 PM Lina Wow. look at the very cold in Spokane. I will go gym at the 1.30pm. Are you want to go? 8/28/18, 8:47 PM Randles not home today.... in town now... thanks 8/28/18, 10:24 PM Lina My professional photo 8/29/18, 2:09 PM Randles very nice one.... how are you today..... you want to help me with my tax ? 8/29/18, 3:17 PM Randles Li..... The meaning of the name Li is Pretty, Powerful. The origin of the name Li is Chinese. This is the culture in which the name originated, or in the case of a word, the language. If used for a female, this name means "pretty." For a male, "powerful." Lina I went to Shaoling's house this morning. We walked out from Shaoling's house. Her neighbor's dog jumped out of the fence and wanted to bite us. Jump first and want to bite Shaoling. Shaoling used a hat to drive it away. Then when it jumped up and bit me, I fell and shouted. Her neighbor came out to stop and apologize. Lina How can I help you with tax? Do you want to go to the gym today? What time you want to go? I can do it any time. 8/30/18, 2:53 PM Lina I’m in the gym now. 9/1/18, 1:00 PM Lina Hello there! I am at the gym now. Do you have time to come over? 我们可以出去玩一天。如果你有空闲时间。 We can go out for some day. If you have freetime. 9/1/18, 2:22 PM Randles yes hello today.... it is nice of you to have free time 4 me.... i'm going to the hottub today at 3pm saturday.... thanks 4 the birthday wishes too. 9/1/18, 3:48 PM Lina I am already home. Because today is the weekend no one is there Randles its o.k. hope you have a nice weekend too..... 9/3/18, 10:58 AM Lina I will go gym at 1:00pm Are you want to go ? 9/4/18, 5:49 PM Randles sorry thank you.... i'm at the gym up north spokane today..... thank you.... Lina Randles Lina Randles you o.k. i'm going to dinner soon. hope you are doing good my friend.... Lina My face is allergic without going to the gym today Thank you Goodbye Lina 9/5/18, 1:28 PM Randles hope you get better soon. 9/6/18, 7:53 AM Lina Rye sent you an invite to join Messenger. Lina Lina Rye invited you to Messenger. Sending messages is fast and more fun on Messenger. Get a link sent to your phone to install the app. 9/7/18, 4:47 PM Randles i'm good today.... going to the fair next ! Lina I’m in the gym now Lina Lina Have fun. Randles thank you.... i left the hot tub already today. Lina We missed I am living now Randles sorry i missed you as you are fun to talk too. Lina I am leaving now Randles o.k. dinner time 4 you. Lina No only me here Randles ? you at gym now Lina Yes. I go take a shower. Randles very nice... i wash your back 4 you... Lina Thank you. No dinner for me. Randles you going home to eat.... i think Lina My friend had lunch at my house, I was too full. Randles very nice.... sound fun Lina I have lunch at three o'clock Randles yes i ate already too. Lina I am going to take a shower now Bye bey Randles thanks 4 talking bye 9/11/18, 3:23 PM Randles your daughter got married yesterday. She is currently studying for a Ph.D. in California.... i do not see you in the photos.... you did not go to her wedding ? Lina I did not go back to China, I did not attend her Chinese wedding. I have attended her church wedding in the United States. 9/12/18, 7:18 PM Randles very nice.... i'm thinking you said she in calif..... anyways she looking very nice in her chinese wedding.... i'm happy 4 her and you too. 9/13/18, 1:48 PM Lina Thank you. you are very nice man. Lina Lina 9/13/18, 5:48 PM Randles thanks and you are a very nice woman.... and i'm happy to help you with your english too.... Randles Randles me and my kitty 9/14/18, 4:28 PM Randles hot tub closed last night.... is it open today ? Lina I don't know, I haven't been to the gym for a few days. I want to ask you to have a buffet at noon next Tuesday. Do you have time? We meet at the gym in the morning and go to the pearl buffet together. ok?? 9/15/18, 4:08 PM Randles so hello... i do not know about tuesday yet.... my best days to go out are wed. thru saturday ! and pearl buffet is at ? 1 PEARLY China Buffet 8721 S. Lincoln Rd., Deer Park, WA 99208 Lina If you don't have time on Tuesday, we can change the time or cancel. No problem. Lina Thank you for helping me in teaching me English. I just want to say thank you. Randles how about any day wed. thur sat. ? 9/17/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you today ? 9/21/18, 1:52 PM Randles so happy birthday to your man jerry rye..... hope you both have a good and happy day ! Lina Thank you. we just ate lunch go home . Randles very nice.... birthday cake and ice cream next ? Lina We will eat ice cream cake at night. I want to go to the gym to lose weight now. I hope to see you in. Randles yes i see... gym now. so you at the gym now ? let me know time ? Lina I am living now. Randles o.k. see you in 30 mins. Lina See you at gym. Randles 9/21/18, 4:50 PM Randles yes hello today.... no pics to see.... gone o.k. the pics are back now... funny facebook 9/22/18, 12:29 PM Randles me downtown water falls and clock tower ! 9/22/18, 2:29 PM Lina We just got home from the valley fest. Have fun 9/23/18, 4:36 PM Randles very nice.... i did valley fest.... saturday very nice time too. p.s. i gave away 1.000 hawaiian lay to the kids. from the old show gun place. Lina You are a good man. I am cooking dinner. I will go to the gym after dinner. Randles very nice thank you ..... i buy the old showgun warehouse land in spokane 4 years... so i got 1.000 hawaiian lay.... old pics from inside old showgun... yes i clean it up ..... over 20 weeks to clean up.... thanks 4 your nice words to me. 9/23/18, 5:48 PM Lina I just finished my dinner. I will be at the gym before seven o'clock. Is it your old house? It is very clean. 9/24/18, 12:29 PM Randles yes hello thank you..... i'm your dog barking ..... bow wow..... come take me 4 a talk daily....lol Lina Thank you for the conversation last night. Say thank you for your good friend.I am in the class now. 9/24/18, 7:02 PM Randles you are welcome.... you talk about having a dog..... so i say.... bow wow..... come take me 4 a walk....lol Lina I like dogs, but I don't have a dog. Jerry likes cats because he doesn't have to go out. I am in the gym now. Randles i'm being funny.... i'm your dog now..... you can take me 4 a walk... bow wow.... lina Lina Today is the Mid-Autumn Festival. In China Randles 4 you Lina Hahaha, you are fany. I like your humor. Randles thank you. Lina Thank you so much. Randles you are a fun woman to talk with too. Lina I am not very talkative. I am a relatively boring person. Randles i think you are fun 4 me..... and you are cute too. Lina I'm going to take a shower. Goodbye Randles o.k. bye now.... thanks 4 talking to me. Lina Randles bye now..... you are not relatively boring person to me..... i love talking to you and see the photos from you. to help you with your english. 9/25/18, 6:04 PM Lina No I am at home. Are you want to go eat lunch Tomorrow ? Randles yes sound nice Timber Creek Grill Buffet maybe in valley ? Lina Ok see you at gym . Randles time ? Lina Before 12:30 Randles o.k. you want me at the gym like 11 am ? or 11.30 or noon ? Lina you decide 11:30am ok Randles o.k. gym at 11;30 am.... very nice.... hope you are well today ? Lina Ok Thank you. see you tomorrow morning. Randles nice.... looking at a map of your home town.... wow population of 6,913,800 Lina Yes very big City. Randles nice... town population is 220,000 only Lina Deer Park small town and country . Randles yes it is.... i'm born in town 1960 Lina You are country men A Mae Randles country man.... but live in the city boy ! lol Lina No.look like country man Lina Randles thank you lina Lina lol you are welcome Randles you do not look like a relatively boring person .... as you think you are ! Lina I am not a smart woman. I am a stupid person. Randles very sad..... you are a smart woman to me. Lina Ok say good bye see you tomorrow. Randles bye in china you are very smart.... you are only slow in usa.... as you learn english better ! Lina Good night have a nice day dream Lina Randles yes you too.... sweet dreams always. Randles Lina I went to the hospital this afternoon and I will injected my leg on Thursday afternoon. So tomorrow I will not go out with you after class. Thank you for helping me learn English. Thank you again 10/4/18, 1:24 PM Randles yes hello... hope you are o.k. too.... thank you 4 lunch the other day too.... i hope you enjoyed yourself... with all the english names animals... pics 4 you to show your english friends in china or overseas etc. 10/10/18, 6:04 PM Lina Hi I am in the gym now Randles yes hello.... hope you are good ? Lina Randles i left gym 20 mins ago Randles you are still my close friend.... your english teacher ! i'm still here 4 you. Lina Thank you very much I am going swimming now. Lina Randles o.k. have fun. 10/15/18, 8:53 PM Randles hope all is well with you and your legs ? 10/24/18, 9:37 PM Lina thank you. My leg are much better now. After class I will go to the gym tomorrow. Are you going to the gym tomorrow? Are you everything ok? 10/31/18, 3:58 PM Lina Wow you are very luck and happy. long time no see. Are you all right? 11/6/18, 1:44 PM Randles i'm o.k..... you not talking to much to me.... nice photo thank you. 11/6/18, 6:18 PM Randles i do not know best time to meet you at hot tub... 11/10/18, 3:26 PM Randles i made it home o.k.... it started snow wow... i parked the car 4 winter now. hope all is well with you too.... your english teacher in 2018 11/13/18, 6:52 PM Lina I go to school and gym every day. Secondary rehabilitation training every week. When winter comes, you have to take care. 11/21/18, 5:18 PM Randles happy thanksgiving dinner to you. hope you have a good day too. 11/22/18, 11:48 AM Lina Happy thanksgiving 感恩节快乐 11/24/18, 2:15 PM Randles 谢谢 - 丽娜是个很好的朋友。 12/11/18, 11:35 AM Randles hope you are o.k. Lina I am going to the gym now. I want to see you at gym. I am okay thank you 12/11/18, 3:48 PM Randles i'm not in town today..... sorry.. yesi love to see and talk to you also... your friend ! 12/11/18, 8:52 PM Lina Hope everything is fine with you! I am at the gym every day. Merry Christmas 12/12/18, 5:09 PM Randles very nice... i left the gym about 30 mins ago today 12/18/18, 3:07 PM Randles i love to show you very nice x-mas lights in spokane... if you like to see ? you can drive too.... let me know ? like 4pm to 6pm at night. 12/24/18, 11:43 AM Lina Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! Lina 12/27/18, 11:35 AM Randles yes thank you.... Merry Christmas and Happy New Year and Chinese New Year also Tuesday, February 5 2019.... sorry you missed the lights. hope all is well with you too. 12/28/18, 7:12 PM Lina Today is my birthday We went to the airport casino to have a buffet. Wish you a Happy New Year Lina 12/30/18, 2:27 PM Randles yes happy birthday to you also... very nice day 4 you. this is a fireplace.... wow new years years too. Jan 3, 2019, 11:31 AM Randles Jan 3, 2019, 9:55 PM Lina China's night scene is very beautiful. Deer Park is like a big countryside Jan 4, 2019, 1:09 PM Randles yes very nice one Jan 31, 2019, 4:09 PM Randles so hello and happy end of Jan 31 2019 Randles May 21, 2019, 8:22 PM Randles hello to you... hope all is well with you too. posted my new pics today wild flowers etc. Lina You are very handsome. I am in Los Angeles now. I will go back in town next month. Jun 12, 2019, 7:40 PM Randles you are sweet too.... love to see some pics of you in LA. hope all is well with you too. you go to china to in march ? i miss talking and helping you with you english too.... Happy New Year 2020 Wishes Lina from Me. Randles As new year is celebrated on the very first day of every year and there is a national holiday on this particular occasion in some countries. Everyone take the advantage of that holiday and celebrate this day with their loved ones. Every community in this world or every single religion present on this earth celebrate Happy new year with full of fun and excitement. Start the first day of a New year with happiness by sharing your feelings with the other person who is very close to your heart through these amazing Happy new year wishes. As wishes are very important you can express your care, love by wishing that person. Randles Jan 1, 2020, 11:44 AM Lina Happy New year In 2020, all dreams come true. something or someone has made an extremely favourable impression of you. Lina I am at my friend’s house now About 2:30pm, I will be here. Randles can i meet you today at ? gym 2;30 pm ? Lina Lina removed a message You are a good friend to me. Thank you! Yes shame on me ? For Helping a Friend Lina ? This is the same message I sent to Jerry... Yes I understand you better Fen.... thanks for keeping all my message to you private and confidentiality.... To tell or not to tell? Even the decision “to tell” is not the end of the story, however. Should counselors believe that it is necessary for them to breach someone confidentiality, they must do everything in their power to limit the disclosure and educate the parties concerned about the benefits of maintaining someone's confidentiality.... so this message is below. is the one I send to Jerry Rye.... yes fen thanks again.... Prof. Randles Thompkins - Pro-Se Randles Wed 4:58 PM Randles Wed 11:15 PM Lina Hi Randles. Thank you for your reply. I have been grateful for your help and you are a good teacher. My English is not very good. If I make a mistake, I'm sorry! In my heart, you have always been a good teacher and friend. After Fin told me something, it scared me. People have two sides, right? Lina I always think of you as an empathetic person........... Sat 11:09 AM Randles thank you for saying you are sorry to me lina... you have alway told me the truth and i always tell you the truth... yes a empathetic person thank you for saying so.... i told you that rights in the usa... its o.k. to make mistakes and short comings in life and misunderstanding is part of life. you and me are alway going to be friends for life. i did not tell Fen about you grateful for Jerry's education and financial support for you.... i say to her (Fen) if your man pass away in life.... you are not alone... you have a friend with me... and if i marry Fen fin or not marry... i told her that you (Lina) are alway welcome in my home forever and i will help take care of you.... Randles Sat 1:12 PM Randles Why are you scared Lina? After Shirlee Fen fin told me something about you, it scared me. So she told you ? Lina i have no answer for you... o.k. but i never talk to Shirlee in-person... we only sent text to each other in China... So you are still scared ? No Answers from Lina ever. Min-hun Ceremonial Marriage Mín-hūn, also known as a ghost marriage or spirit marriage, is a traditional Chinese custom where one or both parties in a marriage are deceased. This practice, which dates back to the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), is rooted in beliefs about ancestor worship and the afterlife, where it is thought that an unmarried person's spirit may feel lonely and cause harm if not properly paired. The primary purpose is to ensure the deceased's contentment in the afterlife and prevent them from haunting the living. The ceremony, known as míng hūn (冥婚), involves rituals similar to a living marriage, including the use of a matchmaker, the negotiation of dowry (often in the form of paper tributes offered to the dead), and a formal banquet. The deceased can be represented by a spirit tablet, a paper effigy, or, in some cases, their actual corpse. A crucial part of the ritual, especially in historical and rural practices, is the reburial of the deceased bride's remains within the groom's grave to symbolize their union. While the practice is illegal and very rare in modern China, it persists in some rural areas, particularly in northern China. The tradition has been linked to a black market for female corpses, driven by a significant gender imbalance and the demand for brides, both living and dead. Cases have been reported where families have dug up graves to sell a deceased daughter's body for a ghost marriage, sometimes leading to further exploitation when the body is resold. The practice has also been associated with criminal activities, including murder, to obtain corpses for sale. The custom is not limited to China; similar traditions exist in other cultures, such as in Sudan, India, and parts of Europe, though the specific rituals and beliefs vary. In Taiwan, the tradition differs, with a deceased woman typically being married to a living man, and the man being free to remarry. Lina I feel you and me are close friends over 10 years now. Both of are chakras mind body and soul are together now in life. This refers to energy are centers in the body that are believed to influence physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. These chakras are positioned along the spine, from the base to the crown of the head, and each has its own unique characteristics, including color, element, and psychological themes. The idea of East meet West and our chakras becoming "one" is often associated with the concept of spiritual awakening or enlightenment, where the energy centers are in perfect harmony, allowing for a deeper connection to the self and the universe. In summary Lina, You and Me and Are seven chakras are energy centers in the body that, when balanced, contribute to a state of harmony and well-being. The concept of the chakras becoming "one" is a metaphor for achieving a balanced and harmonious state of being, which is often associated with spiritual growth and enlightenment as you and me are close friends over 10 years now.. In Chinese traditions, the focus is often on the balance of yin and yang, and the flow of qi through meridians. Practices such as tai chi and qigong are designed to cultivate and balance this energy, leading to a state of physical and spiritual harmony. While the term "chakra" is not commonly used in traditional Chinese philosophy, there are analogous concepts such as meridians and energy centers that are central to practices like acupuncture and qigong. These systems focus on the flow of vital energy, or "qi," through the body. The idea of "body and flesh becoming one" is more aligned with the goals of certain meditative and energy practices, where the practitioner aims to harmonize the physical and energetic aspects of the body. Hi Randles, Thank you for your message to me. I’m sorry, but my English is not very good, and I couldn’t fully understand everything you wrote there were too many ellipses, and some parts were unclear to me. So please allow me to respond simply by expressing my own thoughts. We met at the gym nearly ten years ago. At that time, I truly was alone I didn’t know anyone, and I had no friends in the community. I went to the gym twice a day just to pass the time. I started talking with you because I wanted to learn English. You were always patient and polite, and I sincerely appreciated that. I saw you as an English teacher, and I tried to learn from you with respect. To this day, my English is still limited, and I don’t feel comfortable speaking on the phone in English. I have difficulty expressing myself clearly. But please understand I am not weak or helpless. I used to be a professional basketball player. I don’t share my struggles easily with anyone, and I have never asked anyone including Jerry for help. Life is not always easy. We all have our challenges and make our own choices. I’m focused on my own life now, and I hope you will do the same. I truly wish you good health and peace. Thank you again for the help you gave me with English. As we say in Chinese: “Once a teacher, always a teacher.” Take care, Lina p.s. don't forget to put me in your will... before you die... lol July 4th 2025 !