Documentary_ History of Islam in Spain - (Urdu)

The history of Islam in Spain, also known as Al-Andalus, began in the year 711 when Muslim armies, under the leadership of Tariq ibn Ziyad, invaded the Iberian Peninsula. Over the next few decades, the Muslims conquered most of Spain, and established a Muslim state that lasted for more than 700 years.

The Islamic period in Spain, which lasted from 711 to 1492, is known for its cultural, intellectual, and artistic achievements. Muslim scholars, poets, philosophers, and scientists flourished during this time, and made significant contributions to fields such as medicine, astronomy, mathematics, and architecture.

The Islamic state in Spain, also known as the Caliphate of Cordoba, was characterized by religious tolerance, and Jews and Christians were allowed to practice their religion freely. The Islamic rulers also encouraged the development of the arts and sciences, and established centers of learning that attracted scholars from all over the Muslim world.

In the 11th century, the Islamic state in Spain began to decline, as regional rulers began to assert their independence from the central government. This led to a period of political instability, and the eventual collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba in the 11th century.

In the centuries that followed, Muslim rule in Spain became increasingly fragmented, and by the 15th century, the Muslim states had been reduced to small enclaves. In 1492, the last Muslim state in Spain, the Kingdom of Granada, fell to the Christian forces of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, and the Islamic period in Spain came to an end.