The Predators of Prehistory

#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:

Taung Child
Berger, L.R., and R.J. Clarke. “Eagle Involvement in Accumulation of the Taung Child Fauna.” Journal of Human Evolution, Academic Press, 25 May 2002, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248485710603.

Paranthropus
Brain. C. K. 1970. New finds at the Swartkrans Australopithecine site. Nature. (London). 225(5238): 1112-1119.
Brain. C. K. 1981. The hunters or the hunted. An introduction to African cave taphonomy. The University of Chicago Press.

OH hominins
Njau, Jackson K., and Robert J. Blumenschine. “Crocodylian and Mammalian Carnivore Feeding Traces on Hominid Fossils from Flk 22 and Flk NN 3, Plio-Pleistocene, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania.” Journal of Human Evolution, vol. 63, no. 2, 2012, pp. 408–417., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.05.008.

Erectus
Boaz, Noel T., et al. “Mapping and Taphonomic Analysis of the Homo Erectus Loci at Locality 1 Zhoukoudian, China.” Journal of Human Evolution, Academic Press, 16 Apr. 2004, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248404000144.

Moroccan middle pleistocene cave
Geggel, Laura. “Ancient Hyenas Ate Human Relatives Half a Million Years Ago.” LiveScience, Purch, 27 Apr. 2016, https://www.livescience.com/54576-ancient-hyena-chewed-on-hominin.html.

Cova Negra
Magazine, Smithsonian. “Ancient Carnivores Had a Taste for Neanderthal Meat.” Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 26 May 2015, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/ancient-carnivores-had-taste-neanderthal-180955390/.
Measurements of the Cova Negra Radius Compared with Neandertals and ...https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Measurements-of-the-Cova-Negra-radius-compared-with-Neandertals-and-modern-human-juveniles_tbl5_248399686.

Cinema cave
Geggel, Laura. “Giant, Prehistoric Bird Chowed down on This Neanderthal Child's Bones.” LiveScience, Purch, 10 Oct. 2018, https://www.livescience.com/63801-giant-bird-ate-neanderthal-child.html.

Guattari Cave
Dusseldorp, Gerrit L. “Neanderthals and Cave Hyenas: Co-Existence, Competition or Conflict?” SpringerLink, Springer Netherlands, 1 Jan. 1970, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-6766-9_12.

Le moustier teeth digested by hyena
Geggel, Laura. “An Ancient Hyena May Have Chomped down on This Neanderthal's Face.” LiveScience, Purch, 6 Feb. 2018, https://www.livescience.com/61664-neanderthal-teeth-digested-by-hyenas.html.

Neanderthal interaction with predators
Gamble C (1993) Timewalkers: prehistory of global colonization. Alan Sutton, Stroud

Sapiens ate neanderthals?
Ramirez Rozzi FV;d'Errico F;Vanhaeren M;Grootes PM;Kerautret B;Dujardin V; “Cutmarked Human Remains Bearing Neandertal Features and Modern Human Remains Associated with the Aurignacian at Les Rois.” Journal of Anthropological Sciences = Rivista Di Antropologia : JASS, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19663173/.

The Florisbad skull
Keith, Arthur. “The Florisbad Skull.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 1 June 1938, https://www.nature.com/articles/1411010a0.
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