Diagnosing a Child with Subglottic Edema (TMC Practice Question)

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This video breaks down a TMC Practice Question about Diagnosing a Child with Subglottic Edema. Are you familiar with this topic?
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➡️ Question:
A 4-year-old patient has been admitted to the emergency department with signs of wheezing and stridor. An AP x-ray shows an area of prominent subglottic edema but the lateral neck x-ray appears normal. Which of the following is the most likely problem?
A. Cystic fibrosis
B. Foreign body
C. Epiglottitis
D. Croup

➡️ Rationale Explanation:
For the TMC Exam, you absolutely must be able to recognize the difference between croup and epiglottitis. Croup (aka Laryngotracheobronchitis) is characterized as subglottic edema, which means that the swelling occurs below the glottis. It is often associated with inspiratory stridor. When croup is present, the onset occurs more slowly — usually over 24–48 hours. One thing to look for is the “steeple” sign on a lateral neck x-ray. Epiglottitis, on the other hand, is characterized as inflammation of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures, which means that the swelling occurs above the glottis. With epiglottitis, the onset occurs rapidly and this condition can be considered to be a medical emergency that usually requires immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation. You should look for the “thumb” sign on a lateral neck x-ray. The question tells us that the child has subglottic edema which is an immediate giveaway.

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🚑MEDICAL DISCLAIMER
Medicine and Respiratory Therapy are continuously changing practices. The information in this video is for educational and entertainment purposes only. For medical advice, please consult with a physician or qualified medical professional.

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⏰TIMESTAMPS
0:00 - Intro
0:35 - Practice Question
1:08 - Explanation
2:17 - Correct Answer

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