Pan of the Orion Bar region

A multinational group of researchers has discovered, for the first time, the methyl cation (CH3+), a chemical found in the protoplanetary disk around a young star, using data gathered by the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. They were able to do this through a multidisciplinary expert study that included important contributions from lab spectroscopists. Although the crucial role of CH3+ in interstellar carbon chemistry has been known since the 1970s, it has only been possible to observe it because to Webb's exceptional capabilities – in an area of space where planets that potentially support life may someday develop.

This video presents the Orion Bar region captured by NIRCam, as examined by a team of astronomers. This region is immersed in intense ultraviolet light emitted by the Trapezium Cluster's stars, fostering a hub of vigorous activity marked by star formation and active astrochemistry. The region's suitability for study lies in its exposure to ultraviolet radiation, allowing researchers to scrutinize its precise impact on the molecular composition of the gas and dust discs enveloping nascent stars. This radiation instigates photoevaporation, eroding the nebula's material and sculpting intricate patterns of cavities and filaments. Additionally, the radiation ionizes molecules, leading to light emission, not only crafting a visually stunning scene but also enabling astronomers to analyze molecular spectra using Webb’s MIRI and NIRSpec instruments.

Among the prominent features are two large, bright stars, part of the θ² Orionis system, with the Trapezium Cluster being synonymous with θ¹ Orionis. The brightest star, θ² Orionis A, exhibits vibrant and reddish dust puffs, reflecting its light towards Earth. This star's remarkable brightness, visible to the naked eye, arises from its status as a ternary system, comprising three closely bound luminous stars.