Console Subscription Services - Insight

What is Playstation Plus, Xbox Live and Nintendo Online? Why do I have to pay if I want to play online on my console? What is the history of these subscription services?

Welcome to this Pilot episode of Insight, a new series where I go more in depth on different topics concerning games. Let me know what you think of it, that'd be much appreciated :)
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Music:
Anno Domini Beats - 'Awaken'
Dj Quads - 'Every Morning'
Floppy Circus - 'Good To Me'
Ice Tea - 'Not The King'
Saib - 'Groovy Blues'