Death & succession of 25th Caliph Al-Qadir Billa. خلیفہ القادر بلہ کی وفات اور جانشینی

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Death and succession of Al-Qadir Billa, 25th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate.

Dekhti aankhon aur suntay kanon ko Asslamoalaikum, sisters brothers friends and elders In this informative video, we are describing the life and legacy of Al-Qadir Billa, the 25th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate and describing on his death and the subsequent succession. Through a detailed analysis, we are describing the challenges faced by the caliphate during his rule and the transition of power that followed. also we are describing the historical significance of this era and its lasting effects on the Islamic world

As al-Ghalib had died in January 1019, in 1030 al-Qadir named his younger son Abu Ja'far, the future al-Qa'im, as his heir, a decision also taken completely independently of the Buyid rulers. Al-Qadir died after an illness on 29 November 1031. Initially he was buried in the caliphal palace, but in the next year he was ceremonially moved to al-Rusafa, to a family mausoleum that may have been the same one as constructed by his father, al-Ta'i, where al-Qadir's parents were also buried. The succession of al-Qa'im was smooth and uncontested.

Medieval sources generally give a favourable view of al-Qadir as a mild-mannered and gentle person. He went out in disguise among the people, gave alms to the poor, and regularly attended public sessions where the commoners could voice their complaints (mazalim). The renowned 12th-century Muslim religious scholar Ibn al-Jawzi lauded al-Qadir's personal religious devotion and piety, and held him to have been "one of the best Abbasid caliphs"; his personal austerity was such that the late 11th-century vizier and historian, Abu Shuja al-Rudhrawari, called him "the monk of the Abbasids". Both Ibn al-Jawzi and the slightly later historian Ibn al-Athir stress that during al-Qadir's reign, the Abbasid dynasty and the office of the caliphate began to recover their previous prestige and authority.

Al-Qadir's reign was an important turning point in the history of the Abbasid caliphate and Sunni Islam. Previous Abbasid caliphs had sympathized with rationalist schools like the Mu'tazilites, and been opposed by the conservative traditionalist Sunni scholars. One of the most notable Sunni scholars, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, founder of the Hanbali school, had been persecuted by the Inquisition-like mi?na, founded by Caliph al-Ma'mun. Al-Qadir on the other hand succeeded in repositioning the caliphate as the champion of conservative Sunnism, specifically of the Hanbali branch.Apart from the decrees issued in his own name, he commissioned works by theologians and jurists. Al-Mawardi's al-Iqna or even his famous al-Ahkam al-Sultaniyya, the Mukhtasars of al-Quduri and Abd al-Wahhab al-Maliki, as well as a refutation of batini doctrines by Ali ibn Sa'id al-Istakhri, are said to have been composed on his request.

Al-Qadir's edicts do not survive in full in the sources, but a consolidated 'Qadiri Creed' (al-Itiqad al-Qadiri), that has come down to the present day, was current by the reign of al-Qa'im. The establishment of such a creed a seminal moment in the history of Sunni Islam. Until then, the Sunnis had defined themselves mostly in opposition to the Shi'a, but, as the historian Hugh Kennedy put it, "now there was a body of positive belief which had to be accepted by anyone claiming to be a Sunni". Al-Qadir's statement of faith provided a definition of belief, and, conversely, of unbelief; giving Sunni jurists a template by which to issue rulings (fatw?).[55] The condemnation of Shi'a practices further created a sharp distinction between Sunni and Shi'a, that had not hitherto been the case. The effect was, according to Kennedy, that "it was no longer possible to be simply a Muslim, one was either a Sunni or a Shi'a". Al-Qadir thus laid the ideological foundations for what has been termed the 'Sunni Revival' of the 11th century, which culminated with the destruction of the Buyids by the Seljuk Turks, a new steppe power who saw themselves as champions of Sunnism and of the Abbasid caliph.

Al-Qadir's forty-year rule, followed by a similarly long reign under al-Qa'im (1031–1075) that was in many ways a continuation of his own, restored stability to the Abbasid caliphate, and marked the re-emergence of the Abbasid caliphs as independent political actors. Although their direct authority was limited to Baghdad and its environs, the Abbasids wielded considerable influence across the wider Muslim world as sources of political legitimacy, and in the 12th century even managed to re-establish enough independent military power to secure rule of Iraq under their direct control.

Friends sisters brothers tomorow we will be described
Biography of al-Qadir al-Qaim 26th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate., So permission for upto tomorow. Allah Hafiz

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