Cicero on Oratory - XLIII XLIV

Cicero on Oratory - XLIII XLIV

In this segment of Cicero's discourse on oratory, he emphasizes the importance of civil law in understanding not only legal principles but also moral philosophy and government. Cicero argues that the study of civil law enriches one’s knowledge of ancient customs and provides insights into human behavior, virtues, and vices. He advocates for the value of the Twelve Tables, suggesting that its authority surpasses philosophical libraries, thereby making it essential for aspiring orators.

Key Points:

Understanding of Civil Law
Cicero highlights the sharp understanding of civil law by a contemporary Roman Knight, Casassus, suggesting that it is accessible and closely tied to daily life and civic interaction. He contrasts this with the abundance of writings on law, noting that much of it reiterates the same ideas.

Pleasure in Learning Civil Law
Cicero points out that acquiring knowledge of civil law is not only intellectually enriching but also a source of great pleasure. The origins and applications of laws reflect the customs of ancestors, thus linking history with contemporary legal principles.

Connection to Government and Virtue
He argues that the study of civil law encompasses the principles of governance. Cicero states that laws illustrate both the rewards of virtuous behavior and the consequences of vice, helping individuals manage their desires and actions within society.

Value of the Twelve Tables
Cicero asserts that the Twelve Tables of Law hold greater authority and utility than the works of philosophers, proposing that they encapsulate wisdom necessary for understanding both law and the virtues of citizenship.

Wisdom of Ancestors
Cicero encourages a comparative study between Roman civil law and those from other cultures, demonstrating the superiority of Roman law in both structure and thought, which underscores the wisdom of the Roman ancestors.

Indispensable for Orators
Finally, Cicero concludes that knowledge of civil law is crucial for anyone aspiring to be an accomplished orator, as it provides contextual understanding that enhances persuasive capability and civic responsibility.