From Deep Underground to Mountain Peaks

What is the name for a fracture in rock along which there has been movement?
What is the name for a type of mass wasting event that involves the rapid flow of a mixture of mud, debris, and water?
What is the name of the capital of Brazil?
What is the name of the type of plate boundary where plates are colliding?
What is the name of the type of rock formed from existing rocks that are changed by heat and pressure?
Which conflict was fought between the United States and the Soviet Union?
Which event is associated with the beginning of the end of the Cold War?