✠ King Baldwin's Greatest Battle: The Third Battle of Ramla, 1105 - Part 1 of 2 ✠

1105, Fatimid Egypt is one of the most powerful states of the Eastern Mediterranean. Its vizier, Al-Afdál, is intent on destroying the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, led by Baldwin I, one of the leaders of the First Crusade. Al-Afdal forms an alliance with the Seljuk Turks, recruiting a crack force of Turkish horse archers from Damascus to help him overcome the Franks. King Baldwin has already faced many challenges in his reign. Will he defeat this one?

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Sources:
-Albert of Aachen - History of the Journey to Jerusalem, vol. 2, (Ashgate, 2013)
-Barber, Malcolm - The Crusader States, (Yale, 2014)
-Fulcher of Chartres - A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem, 1095-1127, trans. Frances Rita Ryan, (University of Tennessee Press, 1973)
-Ibn al-Athir - The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period, Part 1, trans. D.S. Richards (Ashgate, 2005).
-Ibn al-Qalanisi - The Damascus Chronicle of the Crusades, trans. H.A.R. Gibb, (Dover, 2002)
-Madden, Thomas - The New Concise History of the Crusades, (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2006)
-Smail, R.C. - Crusader Warfare, 1097-1193, (Cambridge, 1995)
-Tibble, Steve - The Crusader Armies, (Yale University, 2018)

#kingbaldwin #crusades #medievalhistory