Disk Jets

Accretion disks and relativistic jets exist on immense cosmic scales, ranging from hundreds of kilometers around stellar-mass black holes to hundreds of light-years in supermassive black holes (SMBHs).

Accretion disks, formed by infalling gas and dust, heat up due to friction, emitting energy across the electromagnetic spectrum.

Relativistic jets, driven by magnetic fields and black hole spin, eject matter at nearly light speed, extending millions of light-years in the case of SMBHs.

These jets play a crucial role in galaxy evolution, redistributing energy and matter across interstellar and intergalactic space.