Odious debt is a concept in international law and finance that refers to national debt incurred by a despotic or illegitimate regime, which should not be enforceable against the state after the regime's fall. The doctrine of odious debt is based on the following key principles: The debt was incurred without the consent of the people. The funds were not used for the benefit of the nation or its population. The creditor was aware of these circumstances when providing the loan. Characteristics of Odious Debt It is often associated with loans taken by dictatorial or oppressive governments. The debt is considered personal to the regime rather than an obligation of the state. It may include debts used to suppress popular uprisings or fund wars. Legal and Financial Implications Successor governments may seek to repudiate odious debts. The concept challenges traditional notions of sovereign debt continuity. It poses risks for investors in sovereign debt markets. Historical Context The concept was formalized by Alexander Nahum Sack in 1927, building on earlier precedents such as the U.S. rejection of Cuban debts incurred under Spanish colonial rule. While the doctrine of odious debt is not universally accepted in international law, it has been used in some cases to argue for debt forgiveness or repudiation, particularly in the context of political transitions and post-conflict situations. republicofsovereigns.com rps.international

The latest translation of our studies for you to bring you closer to the sovereignty you have within you good man. A man is born a man, not a citizen. A citizen is a paper fiction, presented as law, which is a lie. A citizen is an enslaved and exploited human being, caught in the clutches of parasites feeding on their resources, talents, strength, and will. We are the only species living on Mother Earth that—despite its intelligence and uniqueness—pays for water, land, and even the right to settle. We ask for permission to build our own homes with our own money, on our own land, which is immediately burdened with taxes. I invite you to take a moment for reflection. republicofsovereigns.com rps.international More without censorship: 👈🥳👇 📬 TELEGRAM: t.me/republicofsovereigns ✅ 🥁 RUMBLE: rumble.com/c/republicofsovereigns ✅ Love from Republic Of Sovereigns and JaroScope ❤️ RUMBLE: https://rumble.com/v6rgwih-the-last-one-turns-off-the-matrix.html YOUTUBE: https://youtu.be/gK3N3KWsJTY?feature=shared

A fresh translation of a video by Marcin Vam from the Republic of Sovereigns—free, natural people of Earth. Let us know your thoughts on this and other content. Sovereignty is within you. Odpowiedź od Perplexity: pplx.ai/share The banks are prepared, the industries of war, espionage, and terror are ready. Big Pharma has grand schemes and plenty of technology to condemn and enslave you willingly. Only the politicians are fumbling—they lack clear instructions, especially regarding safe havens for themselves and their families, as well as payment for completing the task. But they do what they can. True statesmen have been absent from politics and even monarchies for ages. If you think Churchill was a statesman, look closer. A drunkard, drug addict, gambler, indebted to foreign magnates. A lover of genocide and terror across several continents. Is this your idol? Are you ready to spill your blood, sacrifice your health, or even your life for the interests of a handful of degenerate CEOs from industrial cartels, arms manufacturers, and banksters? republicofsovereigns.com rps.international More without censorship: 👈🥳👇 📬 TELEGRAM: t.me/republicofsovereigns ✅ 🥁 RUMBLE: rumble.com/c/republicofsovereigns ✅ Love from Republic Of Sovereigns and JaroScope❤️

„Our new Constitution is now established, and has an appearance that promises permanency; but in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes. - Benjamin Franklin (1789) „Things as certain as death and taxes, can be more firmly believ’d.” - Daniel Defoe - „The Political History of the Devil” (1726) ’Tis impossible to be sure of any thing but Death and Taxes.” - Christopher Bullock „The Cobbler of Preston” (1716) Taxation is, in essence, a form of extortion, and it is high time we put an end to it. A human being is not a resource, a parishioner, or a citizen to be controlled by “elites.” A human is a natural inhabitant of the Earth-a true Earthling. You can participate in projects, support those in need, or pursue various missions, but if you are compelled to do so-especially under false pretenses, and the extorted resources (your energy, time, and talents) are used against you, contrary to your ethics, logic, and the common good-then we have a serious problem. In the Polish language, one of the Slavic tongues, there is a beautiful word: “dobrowolność,” meaning voluntary action. It signifies that you have every right to do good freely, and no one has the right to force you into other actions. Supporting wars, terrorism, criminal corporations, and cartels that control governments and entire economic zones must come to an end. We must achieve this peacefully and systematically, building better versions of ourselves so that the world becomes a better place for everyone. https://rps.international/support https://www.youtube.com/@therepublicofsovereigns Other English-language platforms: 📬 TELEGRAM : https://t.me/RepublicOfSovereigns ✅ 📬 TELEGRAM : https://t.me/rpsinternationalchat ✅ 🥁 RUMBLE: https://rumble.com/c/RepublicOfSovereigns ✅ Thank you for watching. JaroScope