Biography of Sarmad Kashani | सरमद काशानी की जीवनी | سرمد کاشانی کی سوانح عمری اور مزار کی تاریخ

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Biography of Sarmad Kashani and the history of his shrine

Dekhti Aankhooon aur sountay kaanoon ko Asslamoalaikum, sisters, brothers friends and elders, in informative series videos of Islamic ascolars, sufisaints, cultural heritages, islamic philosophys, islamic mysticisms and historical figures. today we are describing biography of Sarmad Kashani and the history of his shrine.

Sarmad Kashani, a mystic, poet, and philosopher of the 17th century, lived a life that defied conventional religious boundaries. Born around 1590 in Armenia to a Jewish family of Persian-speaking Armenian merchants, Sarmad was a brilliant scholar with a deep command of Persian, the language in which he composed most of his poetry. His early life was defined by scholarly pursuits and a career in trade, which eventually brought him to the Indian subcontinent during the reign of the Mughal Empire. While he may have outwardly converted to Islam, his writings and philosophical reflections suggest that his spiritual orientation transcended religious classifications. In his verses, Sarmad openly declared that he belonged to no single religion—neither Jewish, nor Muslim, nor Hindu. This bold declaration, coupled with his unorthodox practices and open expression of mystical truths, placed him at odds with the religious orthodoxy of his time.

Sarmad’s later years were spent in India, particularly in Delhi, where he became a well-known figure for his wandering, often naked, and deeply contemplative presence. His unfiltered expressions of divine love and truth caught the attention of many, including Prince Dara Shikoh, the liberal and mystically inclined heir to the Mughal throne. Sarmad became closely associated with Dara Shikoh, further intensifying the disapproval of conservative scholars and courtiers. After the eventual execution of Dara Shikoh by his brother Aurangzeb, who seized the throne and established a stricter Sunni orthodoxy, Sarmad too fell out of favor. He was arrested and charged with heresy, specifically for denying certain orthodox Islamic declarations. Despite his poetic and philosophical stature, Sarmad was condemned and executed in 1661 under Aurangzeb’s orders.

Sarmad Kashani was martyred near the Jama Masjid in Delhi, one of the most iconic mosques of the Mughal Empire. Following his execution, a shrine (mazaar) was constructed at the site of his burial, at the foot of the Jama Masjid’s steps, just outside its northern gate. This location is highly symbolic—it places the mystic poet’s tomb in stark contrast to the monumental religious structure, as if to represent the eternal tension between institutional religion and mystical individualism. His tomb remains a place of deep spiritual significance and reverence, attracting seekers, poets, mystics, and admirers of his fearless devotion to truth.

The shrine of Sarmad Kashani was likely constructed shortly after his death by his followers and sympathizers, particularly those who admired his spiritual courage and defiance of religious rigidity. Though modest in structure compared to grand Mughal tombs, the site is powerful in its presence and message. The white marble grave, surrounded by a low enclosure, stands as a testament to the enduring power of spiritual freedom, artistic expression, and mystical love. Even today, the tomb of Sarmad continues to draw people from all walks of life—those seeking inspiration, spiritual insight, or simply wishing to honor a man who lived and died in pursuit of divine truth beyond the bounds of any single creed.

With this, we seek your permission until tomorrow, tomorrow we will describe the biography of Al-Nuri and the history of his Shrine.

Allah Hafiz
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