Marriage Laws in Islam اسلام میں قرآن کے مطابق شادی کے قوانین {انصاف، حقوق اور ذمہ داریاں}

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In Islam Marriage Laws According to the Qur’an, Justice, Rights & Responsibilities

Assalamu Alaikum, wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu.

Brothers, sisters, friends and elders, we are presenting the 57th episode of the Islamic informative video based on healing and events from the Holy Quran, and in this episode we will describe, In Islam Marriage Laws According to the Qur’an | Justice, Rights & Responsibilities

Qur’anic Marriage and Family Laws: A Foundation of Justice and Balance

The Qur’an lays down a comprehensive and balanced framework for marriage and family life that aims to promote justice, compassion, and mutual responsibility among spouses and within the wider family unit. Among the most significant verses in this context is Surah An-Nisa (4:3), which states: *“If you fear you cannot be just, then marry only one.”* This verse reflects one of the central themes in Qur’anic family law — the absolute necessity of justice, especially in the delicate matter of marriage.

Marriage in the Qur’anic perspective is not merely a social contract, but a sacred bond — a *mithaq ghaliza* or solemn covenant — between a man and a woman. It is built on mutual consent, kindness, and the intention to create a stable, loving household. The Qur’an describes spouses as garments for one another (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187), highlighting intimacy, protection, and comfort. This metaphor reflects the emotional and spiritual closeness that marriage is supposed to foster. The institution of marriage is not intended for domination or exploitation but is based on a partnership where both parties have rights and duties.

Surah An-Nisa (4:3) addresses the issue of polygamy, which was a prevalent practice in pre-Islamic Arabia. The verse allows men to marry up to four women, but with a crucial condition: *justice*. The verse reads: *“And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then marry those that please you of \[other] women, two or three or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then \[marry only] one...”* This statement is revolutionary because it ties the permissibility of multiple marriages directly to a man’s ability to be fair and just. It implicitly warns that injustice within marriage leads to moral and social imbalance.

Later in the same Surah (4:129), the Qur’an acknowledges the human limitation in achieving perfect justice between wives: *“You will never be able to be equal \[in feeling] between wives, even if you should strive \[to do so].”* This further strengthens the idea that monogamy is the ideal and safest route for most men, as true fairness is difficult to achieve. Hence, while polygamy is permitted, it is not encouraged unless there is a compelling social or humanitarian reason, such as caring for widows or orphans in times of crisis, which was often the case during the early Muslim community’s formation.

The Qur’an also provides detailed guidelines regarding the rights and responsibilities of spouses. Men are described as *qawwamun* (protectors and maintainers) over women (4:34), not as a declaration of superiority but as an assignment of responsibility. The husband is expected to provide financial support and ensure the wellbeing of his wife and children. However, this role comes with the obligation of kindness, consultation, and respect. The wife, in turn, is expected to cooperate in maintaining the family structure with mutual love and trust.

Importantly, the Qur’an emphasizes that women have rights similar to those of men, in equitable measure (2:228). Women have the right to accept or reject marriage proposals, the right to a *mahr* (a mandatory gift or dowry from the groom), and the right to seek divorce through *khula'* if the marriage becomes unbearable. Moreover, both parents share responsibility in raising children, ensuring their education, and instilling moral values. Family life is presented as a foundation for social harmony and spiritual growth.

The Qur’an also stresses the value of reconciliation and peace in family disputes. Surah An-Nisa (4:35) recommends appointing mediators from both families to resolve serious disagreements, showing the importance of preserving marriage and avoiding divorce where possible. However, when separation is the only way forward, the Qur’an provides clear and dignified guidelines to ensure fairness to both parties (2:229-231).

In essence, the Qur’anic marriage and family laws aim to create a society where relationships are based on respect, balance, and justice. The directive to “marry only one” if justice cannot be ensured reflects the broader Qur’anic principle that personal desires must never override ethical responsibilities. The ultimate objective is to nurture families that serve as the cornerstone of moral, emotional, and spiritual development for individuals and the community at large.

With this, we ask for your permission until tomorrow and pray to Allah Almighty to grant us the ability to act on the Quran and Hadith, Amen

Allah Hafiz
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