Unveiling Limnic Eruptions: The Silent Lake Killers

https://www.ihadnoclue.com/article/1072787369416753153

Limnic eruptions, a rare but deadly natural disaster, occur when dissolved carbon dioxide suddenly erupts from deep lake waters. These eruptions, also known as "exploding lakes," can silently kill thousands of people and animals within minutes. This phenomenon happens only in deep lakes, which have little turnover between water layers and sit atop volcanic activity that releases carbon dioxide into the water. The Lake Nyos disaster in Cameroon in 1986, where nearly 1,800 people and 3,500 livestock died within minutes due to a limnic eruption, underscores the catastrophic potential of such events.

Scientists have since developed methods to prevent future limnic eruptions, primarily by installing degassing pipes that bring deep water to the surface, allowing CO₂ to escape gradually. Such systems have been installed in Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun, reducing the risk of disasters. Another lake at risk, Lake Kivu, straddles the border between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, potentially affecting more than two million people. There, authorities have implemented methane extraction projects to reduce the risk while utilizing methane for electricity generation. These examples highlight how understanding complex natural systems and respecting local wisdom can help protect communities from such hidden dangers.