IVERMECTIN targets GLUTAMATE

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Ivermectin's primary target is glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls), although it is also active against other invertebrate neurotransmitter receptors, including GABA-, histamine- and pH-sensitive chloride channels.

Here's a breakdown of Ivermectin's action and its targets:

1. Primary Target: Glutamate-gated Chloride Channels (GluCls)
Ivermectin acts as a potent agonist of GluCls, particularly those found in nematodes and insects.

GluCls are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast inhibitory synaptic transmission in the nervous system of invertebrates.
Upon activation by glutamate and ivermectin binding, these channels open, leading to an influx of chloride ions.

This chloride influx hyperpolarizes the nerve or muscle cell membrane, inhibiting neuronal activity and leading to paralysis and death of the parasite.

2. Other Invertebrate Targets:

GABA-gated chloride channels: Ivermectin can also interact with GABA receptors in invertebrates, enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA.

Histamine-gated chloride channels: These channels play a role in invertebrate sensory processes, and Ivermectin's interaction with them might contribute to its effects.

pH-sensitive chloride channels: Ivermectin can affect the activity of these channels, which are involved in regulating intracellular pH.