Health Lessons from the Ancient Aztecs

Foods of the Ancient Aztecs were the foundation of a nutrient-dense diet that supported one of the most advanced civilizations in Mesoamerica. The Aztec diet revolved around corn (maize), beans, and squash, known as the “Three Sisters,” which provided a complete balance of carbohydrates, protein, and essential vitamins. They also consumed chia seeds, amaranth, cacao, tomatoes, avocados, chili peppers, and spirulina harvested from lakes, creating a superfood-rich menu centuries ahead of modern nutrition trends. Protein came not only from beans but also from turkey, fish, insects like grasshoppers, and even algae cakes, offering sustainable sources of nourishment. Many of these foods, such as chocolate, chili, and maize, have become staples worldwide. By studying the foods of the ancient Aztecs, we gain insight into indigenous farming techniques, balanced nutrition, and the cultural roots of modern Mexican cuisine.