Acquittal is Only One Part of a Malicious Prosecution Action

Lawyer Acquitted from Fraud Charges Sues Prosecutor & Insurer Who Reported Her
Post 5192
Probable Cause for Arrest Eliminates Claim of Malicious Prosecution

In Leslie Casaubon v. Texas Mutual Insurance Company and Donna R. Crosby, Travis County District Attorney, No. 1:19-CV-617-RP, United States District Court, W.D. Texas, Austin Division (September 12, 2025) Texas Mutual Insurance Company (“Texas Mutual”) and Donna R. Crosby's (“Crosby”) (together, “Defendants”) moved to dismiss the suit filed by Leslie Casaubon.

BACKGROUND

Leslie Casaubon, a workers' compensation attorney, who brought claims against Texas Mutual Insurance Company and Donna R. Crosby, a Travis County District Attorney. Casaubon alleged that Texas Mutual and Crosby conspired to bring false charges of insurance fraud against her due to her success in obtaining favorable decisions against Texas Mutual.

Defendants secured two grand jury indictments against Casaubon for insurance fraud, for which Casaubon alleges Crosby used false or misleading evidence. Casaubon was ultimately acquitted of all charges by a jury .

LEGAL FINDINGS

The court dismissed Casaubon's claims against Crosby for false arrest, defamation, tortious interference, and conspiracy without prejudice. Crosby's motion was denied as to Casaubon's malicious prosecution claim and Section 1983 claim to the extent Crosby is not protected by immunity .

Casaubon's claims against Texas Mutual for malicious prosecution, false arrest, tortious interference, and conspiracy were dismissed without prejudice. Texas Mutual's motion was denied as to Casaubon's defamation claim. The court found that Casaubon sufficiently alleged her defamation claim against Texas Mutual, but not against Crosby.

The court concluded that Casaubon failed to state a claim against Crosby for defamation as she did not identify any specific false statement Crosby made. The court found that Casaubon failed to state a claim for malicious prosecution against Texas Mutual as she did not plausibly allege that Texas Mutual initiated or procured her prosecution.

DISCUSSION
Immunity - Texas Mutual's Immunity

As a threshold matter, Texas Mutual asserts it is entitled to immunity for its actions that give rise to Plaintiff s claims. Under Texas law, insurers must report suspected fraudulent activity and are “not liable in a civil action . . . and a civil action may not be brought . . ., for furnishing information relating to a suspected, anticipated, or completed fraud insurance act.” Tex. Ins. Code Ann. § 701.052(a) (West). Further, Texas has specifically granted Texas Mutual immunity for “identifying or referring a person for investigation of or prosecution for a possible administrative violation or criminal offense.”

CROSBY'S IMMUNITY

Despite relying on sovereign immunity, Crosby opens her motion by observing that Plaintiff sues Crosby, presumably in her individual capacity only. As Crosby interprets Plaintiff's state-law torts to be against Crosby in her individual capacity, sovereign immunity does not apply.

Crosby argued Plaintiff must satisfy Rule 9's requirement of pleading with particularity Plaintiff alleges Crosby intentionally presented false evidence to the grand juries. An allegation that misleading and fabricated evidence was presented to the grand jury is a serious charge, and if properly pleaded, could state an actionable wrong if the Defendants knowingly or with reckless disregard for the truth presented false evidence to the grand jury. Crosby argues Plaintiff fails to plead the “who, what, when, where, and how” of the alleged fraud because Plaintiff does not specify any particular statements made or proffered by Crosby or explain why they were fraudulent.” The Court agreed that Plaintiff failed to identify the allegedly false evidence Crosby presented to the grand juries or explain why it was indeed false. Plaintiff failed to plead with particularity the allegedly false evidence before the grand juries.

Against Texas Mutual, the Court found Plaintiff fails to state a claim for malicious prosecution, false arrest, tortious interference, and conspiracy, but succeeds in stating her claim for defamation. Against Crosby, Plaintiff fails to state a claim for false arrest, tortious interference, conspiracy, and defamation.

MALICIOUS PROSECUTION

Crosby and the grand juries' roles in initiating and procuring Plaintiff's prosecution was left to both Crosby and two grand juries after Texas Mutual reported Plaintiff. Because a person is not liable for merely aiding or cooperating in causing a criminal prosecution the Court found Plaintiff failed to state a claim against Texas Mutual for malicious prosecution.

FALSE ARREST

To sufficiently state a claim for false arrest, Plaintiff must show her arrest was made without authority of law. Because Plaintiff was arrested following her indictment, there was probable cause for her arrest, meaning her arrest was not made without authority of law. Therefore, Plaintiff's claims for false arrest against Texas Mutual and Crosby were dismissed.

TORTIOUS INTERFERENCE

Plaintiff alleges that as a result of Defendants' actions, clients of her workers' compensation practice terminated their contracts with her. The Court dismissed Plaintiff's tortious interference claims against Texas Mutual and Crosby.

DEFAMATION

Finally, the Court found Plaintiff sufficiently alleged her defamation claim against Texas Mutual, but not against Crosby. Accordingly, the Court finds Plaintiff stated a claim against Texas Mutual for defamation.

Plaintiff failed to state a claim against Crosby for defamation. Plaintiff vaguely alleged Crosby's entire prosecution of her was defamatory, but such allegations are too broad and conclusory to survive a 12(b)(6) motion.

ZALMA OPINION

In the United States reporting a person to prosecutors for a crime is privileged unless made with malice. In this case the charges went to a grand jury that issued an indictment that established probable cause for arrest. That she was acquitted established only that the state failed to prove her claims of malicious prosecution and other torts beyond a reasonable doubt. She may attempt to prove that Texas Mutual defamed her. Note, truth is a perfect defense to a defamation action and the fact that a grand jury issued an indictment indicates that the reports Texas Mutual were truthful.

(c) 2025 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.

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