Is a New Civil War Emerging in South Sudan_

Is South Sudan heading back into full-scale civil war? This video explores the alarming escalation in tensions between President Salva Kiir and Vice President Riek Machar that has reignited fears of renewed conflict. After gaining independence in 2011 amid global optimism, South Sudan quickly spiraled into a devastating five-year civil war, largely driven by political rivalry the war took on an ethnic dimension as fighting broke out between the Dinka and Nuer communities. Although a peace agreement was signed in 2018, known as the Revitalised Agreement (R-ARCSS), the uneasy truce is now unraveling. Machar's recent house arrest, ordered by Kiir, has sparked condemnation and violent clashes, including attacks on civilians and aid workers.

This video traces the origins of South Sudan’s internal strife—from British colonial legacies and post-independence tensions with Sudan, to the oil-fueled conflict that tore the nation apart. We examine how unresolved grievances, political power struggles, and ethnic divisions have created a fragile state teetering on collapse. With over 150,000 people newly displaced and peace talks faltering, many now fear that the country may be on the verge of a second civil war. Can diplomacy prevail? Or is South Sudan once again trapped in a cycle of violence and instability?

*VIDEO CHAPTERS*
00:00 Introduction and Titles
00:41 The Return to Civil Wars and the Case of South Sudan
01:58 South Sudan: Location and Population
02:53 The Emergence of Sudan
04:37 The First Sudanese Civil War
05:56 South Sudan Gains Independence
07:45 South Sudan: Independence and Civil War, 2011-2018
09:15 South Sudan’s Post-Civil War Period, 2018-2025
10:17 Is South Sudan Returning to Civil War?

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