Laws of Restitution and Social Justice

Exodus 22 presents practical laws about restitution for stolen goods, responsibility for damages, and protection of the vulnerable. The chapter establishes principles of restorative justice, where those who cause harm must repair the damage. It addresses everyday situations such as theft, loans, deposits, and property accidents. It reveals God's compassionate heart by commanding special care for foreigners, widows, orphans, and the poor, prohibiting oppression and usury. The laws balance justice with mercy, showing that God cares both about the integrity of the community and the dignity of each individual.