L M CASTRO, Sworn In For The Defendant, 114th To Testify

L. M. Castro, witness for the Defendant in rebuttal, at the Trial of Leo Frank in the Fulton County Superior Court of Atlanta, Georgia, in 1913 (Testimony Portion From July 28 - August 21, 1913; Closing Arguments August 21-25, 1913)
L. M. Castro conducted three timed walks to challenge the State’s claim that Mary Phagan could not have reached the factory before 12:05–12:07 p.m.

Marietta & Forsyth → 2nd-floor office: 4½ minutes at a moderate gait.
2nd-floor office → Whitehall & Alabama: 3 minutes 20 seconds.
Hunter & Broad → 2nd-floor office: 1½ minutes.

Castro’s brisk, stopwatch-verified paces proved that a girl leaving the English Avenue streetcar at Marietta & Forsyth at 12:03 could be inside Frank’s office by 12:07½—well within the State’s own noon-to-12:15 murder window.
The defense used these 41-second averages to collapse the prosecution’s “impossible timeline”, showing Phagan had ample time to arrive, collect her pay, and vanish—all before the factory clock struck 12:10.
Castro’s simple, repeatable experiment turned the State’s stopwatch against itself, planting reasonable doubt in every juror’s mind.