🌋 Why Venus Is Earth’s “Evil Twin”

🌋 Why Venus Is Earth’s “Evil Twin”
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains that Venus and Earth formed under similar conditions, which is why Venus is often nicknamed our “sister planet.” But the similarities end quickly:

- Surface Temperature: Venus has an average temperature of about 465°C (869°F)—hot enough to melt lead. This is due to a runaway greenhouse effect, where its thick atmosphere traps heat.
- Atmosphere: Its atmosphere is 96% carbon dioxide, with clouds of sulfuric acid. Breathing there is impossible, and visibility is nearly zero.
- Pressure: The surface pressure is about 92 times greater than Earth’s—equivalent to being nearly a mile underwater.
- Winds: At high altitudes, winds reach 360 km/h (224 mph), faster than a hurricane.
- Closest Thing to Hell: Tyson famously described Venus as “the closest thing to hell we’ve ever found”.

🌍 The Contrast With Earth
In his essay *Goldilocks and the Three Planets*, Tyson compared Venus, Earth, and Mars:
- Venus is “too hot” because of its proximity to the Sun and runaway greenhouse effect.
- Mars is “too cold,” with frozen water and thin atmosphere.
- Earth is “just right,” sitting in the habitable zone where liquid water can exist.

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